Socket E14: marking, application, power parameters

Bulbs equipped with a screw-type cap (Edison screw) are still the leaders in terms of the number of offers both in the Russian and foreign markets of lighting devices. Of these, the most common types are socle E14 and E27, designed to work with a voltage of 220V.

Marking

For Edison screw sockets, the EXX marking is accepted, where:

• E - indicates the type (Edison Screw type);
• XX - numbers showing the diameter, for example, the type of bulb E14, indicates that the diameter of the cap is 14 mm, that is, the difference between types E14 and E27 is the width of the cartridge.

Note that to ensure compatibility, special adapters are available, for example, an adapter from the E27 base to the E14 base.

Thanks to such conductors, it becomes possible to install incandescent lamps in which the standard size (E27) (as well as their energy-saving counterparts) in the cartridge under the minien (E14).

Use of lamps with a minyen socket

Devices with a base E14 are available for the home, where they are used as sources of general or local lighting, in addition, such lamps can play the role of a backlight in various household appliances (for example, a lamp for refrigerator).

Gradually, incandescent bulbs are replaced by energy-efficient counterparts, sources designed for use in minien cartridges are no exception. But when choosing them, it must be borne in mind that the sizes of energy-saving lamps are not so compact, so it may happen that they do not fit in the shades of some chandeliers or sconces.

The second factor limiting the use of energy-saving light sources under both the E27 and E14 base is their relatively high price. Currently, incandescent lamps are cheaper, but according to experts, 1 in the near future this situation will improve for the better.

It should be noted that due to the development of online commerce, the cost of lamps is approximately the same in all cities of Russia, for example, in Moscow and Yekaterinburg, the price for them is practically the same.

LED light sources (LED) with E14 socket

LED lamps with a base E14, like their counterparts, do not differ in high power. For example, light sources with a filament have a power of up to 60W, luminescent - no more than 15W, and for LEDs the maximum bar is 7W. Therefore, chandeliers or other ceiling lights responsible for general lighting have several such lamps.

Despite the low power of LED lamps, the level of luminous flux is greater than that of sources with a filament or their fluorescent counterparts. The table below shows how the parameters of various types affect the radiation intensity.

Filament Lamps (W)	Fluorescent (W)	LED Light (W)	Luminous Flux Level (Lm)
20,0	5,0-7,0	2,0-3,0	~250,0
40,0	10,0-13,0	4,0-5,0	~400,0
60,0	15,0-16,0	6,0-10,0	~700,0
75,0	18,0-20,0	10,0-12,0	~900,0
100,0	25,0-30,0	12,0-15,0	~1200,0
150,0	40,0-50,0	18,0-20,0	~1800,0
200,0	60,0-80,0	25,0-30,0	~2500,0

As can be seen from the table, an LED light source is more economical than its luminescent counterpart by about two to three times, and incandescent lamps - six times or more. We do not consider halogen sources, since they formally do not belong to energy-saving ones.

The disadvantages inherent in fluorescent lighting sources should also be taken into account, namely:

• faint flickering, which causes eye fatigue and can cause nervous irritation;
• mercury vapor contained in the lamps not only significantly increases the risk during operation, but also requires special disposal of the source after its failure.

LED lamps do not have the disadvantages listed above, they do not cause eye irritation and do not contain chemical compounds unsafe for humans and the environment.

It should also be noted that LED sources for the type of E14 base are quite compact, so they can be installed in almost any lamp, including recessed ones.

As for the shape of the LED type lamps, it can be varied, for example, the source can be made as a ball or candle. And given that LED lamps can be colored, this opens up broad prospects for design.

How to choose a LED type lamp

In order not to make a mistake with the choice, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points:

• the lamp base must correspond to the type of lamp holder installed in the lighting device for which the light source is being purchased. Note that adapters are available for E27 and E14 sockets. Do not confuse them with other types, for example, a point source is different in that it uses a different base;
• manufacturer, select products from well-known manufacturers, such as Philips, Camelion, Gauss, etc. how practice shows that products of well-known brands last much longer than Chinese non-name (from English no name, literally "no name");
• when installing LED lamps instead of sources with a filament or fluorescent, select an analogue with the corresponding power of the light flux, the table for this was given above;
• Considering that most modern LED sources have about 90-100 Lumens per watt of power, it is not difficult to calculate the approximate level of light output. For example, a 220-volt bulb with a power of 7 W creates a luminous flux of about 630-700 Lm;
• manufacturers do not produce household LED lamps, in which the efficiency exceeds 130Lm per 1W, since such products are unreasonably expensive;
• a high-quality LED lamp should not flicker, if this happens, then the control circuit (driver) does not work as usual, it is better to refuse to use such a device. Theoretically, the driver can be repaired if there are necessary components and certain skills;
• frosted flasks reduce the level of luminous flux from 15 to 30%. If this is critical, then it is better to buy a source that has a transparent bulb.

In rooms with a low level of humidity, you can install the lamp by first removing the bulb from it (for this you need to apply a little effort). But remember that in this case you lose the warranty.

Color temperature selection

By color temperature is meant the tonality of the light flux emitted by the light source; it is measured in Kelvin (K). LED lamps are available in three temperature ranges:

• warm white (from 2000 to 3800K);
• neutral white (from 3800 to 4500K);
• cold white (more than 4800K).

Visually, the color temperature difference is shown in the figure below.

According to observations, the most optimal and comfortable temperature for a living room is in the spectrum of warm and natural white light. That is, for a home it is better to select lighting sources in the range from 2800 to 4500K.

Cold white light is installed in public places, as well as for lighting work areas where moving objects or small parts are used.

The device of LED lamps with a base E14

Consider the design of LED lamps as an example of a light source manufactured under the Maxus brand, its device is shown in the figure.

Designations:

• A is the scattering bulb;
• B - light emitting diode elements;
• C - heat sink circuit board, used to mount the LEDs and remove heat from them to the radiator;
• D - anodized alloy radiator (Maxus lamps use aluminum grade 1070);
• E - board that powers the LEDs (driver);
• F is a polymer insulator;
• G - base E14.