Chinese cabbage - cultivation and care

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What is Chinese cabbage? Is this vegetable useful? These and other questions will be answered by this article. From it you can learn about some subtleties of growing this vegetable culture. Good advice on care will help grow Chinese cabbage yourself.

What is this vegetable?

Chinese cabbage is the oldest Chinese vegetable plant. He is loved in his homeland, but every year his demand is increasing in our country. Moreover, many gardeners, amateurs and gardeners successfully grow Chinese cabbage on their land. The main advantage of this vegetable is that the harvest of Chinese cabbage is obtained absolutely in any climate. That is, the cultivation of Chinese cabbage in Siberia is also possible.

Chinese cabbage - cabbage salad. So it is called some gardeners. This vegetable is a representative of the cabbage species, but it considerably surpasses its closest relatives in nutrition.

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Chinese cabbage contains many useful substances, including in its composition:

  • Vitamins of group B and PP.
  • Ascorbic acid.
  • Amino acid is lysine. The peculiarity of this substance is the ability to dissolve foreign proteins in the blood.

This vegetable is used by man for food in fresh form, it can also be processed for the preparation of salads and soups. It is good for souring, drying and freezing. Chinese cabbage head out or a funnel-shaped bundle of leaves up to 30 cm in diameter. This is an annual plant.

Types of Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage is a cold-resistant, moisture-demanding, early-ripening vegetable. It can be of several types:

  1. Sheet.
  2. Semi-smart.
  3. Headed.

You should know that Chinese cabbage is divided into two closely related species, this:

  1. Petsay. In the people it is more known as Peking or salad cabbage.
  2. Pak-choi or mustard cabbage.
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Quite often these two species are united under one common name - Chinese cabbage. But they differ not only in appearance, each subspecies has its own characteristics.

Pekinki has sessile and whole leaves. They have a leaf plate blown and wrinkled with wavy and jagged edges. Their height is 15-35 cm. Leaves of Peking cabbage form a head or a rosette of varying density and shape. The color of the vegetable is green. The leaves of Chinese cabbage on the contrary have a dark green color. It never forms heads, but only a rosette of upright leaves, about 30 cm high.

Rules of cultivation of Chinese cabbage

In order to get a good harvest of such a vegetable culture as Chinese cabbage, the photo of which is attached in this article, well-cultivated soil and sufficient moisture are needed. Dug in the fall of the future site, you can fertilize it with well-rotted manure at the rate of 4 kg per 1 sq. Km. m. Peat for Chinese cabbage is strictly prohibited. With the onset of spring, dug up from the fall of the site, you can only loosen up, as this kind of cabbage loves compacted soils.

Chinese cabbage can get sick with a whiplash. This disease is subjected to all kinds of this vegetable. Therefore, the soil under the planting of the plant should not be acidic.

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In addition, it is undesirable to plant Chinese cabbage in places where such crops as:

  • Turnip.
  • Swede.
  • Radish.
  • Other types of cabbage.

It is important to know that Chinese cabbage is a plant of short daylight. That is, with the late spring sowing (April to May) with the onset of hot days, this vegetable can blossom.

This is due to the fact that for normal development of cabbage, Chinese cabbage needs a certain temperature of air - 15-22 degrees Celsius. It is very important to remember about the maturation period of cabbage salad - 40-60 days.

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Chinese cabbage is a precocious vegetable. Therefore, the spring planting should be carried out in the open ground taking into account the time that is necessary for the development and formation of a head or an outlet. Do this before the hot weather. These above nuances are important not only when the cultivation of Chinese cabbage in the Urals, but also for other regions.

If, nevertheless, a failure occurred during the spring sowing, and the plant released a flower spike, then you do not need to get upset. You can let the Chinese cabbage flow and sow. The next year, the obtained seed material can be used to obtain a new crop.

For the consumption of vegetables in autumn, seeds of Chinese cabbage are sown in the second half of June. As practice shows, summer sowing yields higher yields. Seeds are sown in prepared soil on the same principle as in April-May.

Well, now we go directly to how to grow Chinese cabbage and what it takes to do it. Cultivate this vegetable directly by sowing seeds in the open ground or using pre-grown seedlings. On the sprouts Chinese cabbage is planted in early April. Seeds are laid at a depth of up to 2 cm in separate tanks with a diameter of no more than 3 cm. This cabbage is very difficult to transfer. To planting in the open ground seedlings will be ready for 20 days.

The best distance between the plants on the ridge is 40 cm, the spacing is 50 cm. Deepening the plant is not recommended.

This cabbage is frost-resistant and can withstand a short-term reduction in air temperature. But still it is recommended to cover the planted plants with a special coating - for example, lutrasilom. This will allow seedlings to more easily undergo adaptation in new conditions and protect it from pests.

Read also:We make useful and tasty pumpkin juice for the winter at home

When sowing Chinese cabbage seeds in the open ground, the distance between the rows also leaves about 50 cm. seeds can be sown quite densely. When the first shoots appear, it will be necessary to perform thinning, combined with weeding. For starters, you can leave a distance of 10 cm between plants. Then, during the next weeding, again to break and so until the cabbage is not kept a distance of 40 cm. Torn seedlings can be eaten.

If the plant is well established, but its further growth has stopped, it is necessary to pay attention to the presence of pests such as cruciferous flea. This pest can completely destroy seedlings in a very short time.

Cruciferous flea can be scared off, using tips for caring for Chinese cabbage, for this you need:

  • Powder ash leaves cabbage after rain or watering. You can also use tobacco dust.
  • Use special tools - insecticides.

Chinese cabbage is quite demanding to moisturize, so it should be watered periodically. But do not allow soil to swim.

It is desirable to combine watering with top dressing, which can be as follows:

  • Weak solution of liquid organic.
  • The dumped grass.
  • Infusion of mullein or bird droppings.

Once the soil is watered, it needs to be loosened up slightly, and the plant does not need to be sprinkled with earth. Hilling adversely affects Chinese cabbage. Given the above rules and some subtleties, you can get an excellent harvest of Chinese cabbage for both summer and autumn consumption. This kind of cabbage is able to preserve its useful substances after cutting and packing it for long-term storage.

In the video, the Chinese cabbage Pak-Choi

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