The main task of any gardener is to grow and harvest a good harvest. And no matter how hard you try, many obstacles can arise along the way in the form of various diseases of cultivated plants. Phytophthora and late blight is not an exception.
Table of contents
- What is phytophthora?
- Where can the disease appear?
- Than to process the earth from illness in the spring?
- Application of chemicals
- Folk methods
- Spraying with brine
- Spraying with an ash solution
- Milk-iodine spraying
- Puncture copper
- Temperature processing
- Autumn processing of the earth
What is phytophthora?
Phytophthorosis - this is a disease of plants, which is provoked by the fungus "phytotor".Literally "phytophthora" is translated as "destroying plants". From the very name it becomes clear that the fungus completely destroys the plant organism into which it enters. Although most of the late blight are Solanaceous, but no need to expect strawberries, castor-oil and buckwheat. In the garden is worst of all potatoes and tomatoes.
Where can the disease appear?
Phytophthora affects all parts of the plant without exception.This leaves, and the stem, and even the fruits themselves. Fungus is particularly active with increased air humidity, abundant dew, frequent fogs, significant temperature changes, when in the daytime unbearable heat, and in the night - cool.Particular attention is paid to too thick planting of solanaceous cultures on one plot of land.
Practice shows that most often affected plants this disease at the end of July or early August.
Phytophthora can appear both in the open ground and in greenhouse conditions.
.Than to process the earth from illness in the spring?
There are many ways to combat late blight in the spring. First of all, this selection of varieties, which consists in the careful selection of cultivated plants on the land.It is recommended to give preference to early ripening varieties, which finally mature and harvest before the outbreak of late blight.Although it is possible to plant only those plants that are particularly resistant to phytophthora.
In the spring, you can also use specialized chemicals and folk methods of rescue from late blight. But these questions deserve special attention, and we will discuss them in detail later in the article.
.Application of chemicals
Use of chemical drugs is recommended until the time when the phytophthora has not gained full activity. In this case, it is recommended to spray foliar cultures spiked with specialized chemicals. They can be purchased at any store in the agricultural sector, where they distribute poisons and chemicals.
It is recommended to make the treatment of plants by spraying only in dry and windless weather.And these sites are then not to be touched for one week. Another half a month, you need to repeat the spraying to fight the phytophthora. But this should happen in no less than 20 days of harvest. Still, these are chemical poisonous substances and they can harm the human body.
.Folk methods
There are many folk ways to combat phytophthora. They are recommended to be used first. Because such methods are considered to be sparing and not as cardinal as chemicals. Let's consider the main of them later in the article.
Spraying with brine
The method is good as prevention of phytoporhosis. To prepare the solution you will need one glass of salt and 10 liters of water.Spraying is done in the morning or in the evening, hot and sunny weather is not suitable.
If the fungus has already appeared on the bushes of a cultivated plant, it is necessary to clean the infected leaves, and only then to process potatoes or tomatoes. Such spraying will create a thin film on the leaves, which does not allow spores to penetrate into the plant.
Spraying with an ash solution
To create an ash solution, it is necessary to mix water and ash in a ratio of two to one. Most often take 10 liters of water and a half-bucket of ash. The composition should be insisted for three days, periodic all stirring. Then add 30 grams of household soap and water is poured in until the mixture is obtained in a total volume of 30 liters.
This type of ash treatment is carried out three times per season:
- when only seedlings began;
- when the first flowering appeared;
- when the first ovaries were visible.
Milk-iodine spraying
To prepare the solution, it is recommended to use 1 liter of low-fat milk and 20 drops of iodine per bucket of water. Due to the antibacterial properties of iodine, the solution will allow to destroy the fungus, not allowing it to spread further.
Puncture copper
As soon as the stem of the cultivated plant becomes strong, it is recommended to drive in it a pre-peeled piece of copper wire. At the same time, its tips do not need to be enveloped around the stem, but simply point down, slightly bending.
Copper piercing will significantly increase the resistance of plants to various diseases, including late blight.
.Temperature processing
Thermal treatment of ripped green tomatoes will significantly reduce the loss of tomatoes in late blight. And they are recommended to warm up at 60 degrees Celsius before ripening for about two minutes. The method can be processed and greenhouses made of polycarbonate.
Autumn processing of the earth
In principle, the spring and autumn planting and cultivation of soil with late blight is not much different. But if you still draw a line, then in the fall everything is done radically.The land is being plowed, the weeds are not only breaking out, but also being burned.All in order for the phytophthora to disappear forever. And did not get further into the ground for wintering. An autumn fertilizer is also considered a prerequisite for preventive measures. In the micronutrient-rich earth, diseases occur less often.
Fighting late blight is not as easy as it may seem.And although there are many means and methods for this kind of fungus, it is necessary to get rid of it in several sets, alternating the funds from phytophthora.Although it is best to prevent the nightshade cultures in the garden. This will not only preserve your harvest, but it will not take as much time as the treatment of late blight.
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