Onion - vegetable culture, without which no family can do. According to statistics, every adult person in Russia consumes about 7 kg of onions during the year. For an experienced summer dad, planting onions in spring on the head is not a difficult task, but for beginners it is useful to learn the technology of planting.
Which varieties can be sown in cold weather and can be grown in a country house in the suburbs, Leningrad region and Belarus will be described in the article.
.Table of contents
- What does the bow planting on the head mean?
- Where to get the bulbs of seedling to plant in the open ground
- The advantages and disadvantages of the method
- Which varieties can be planted
- How to prepare a site for planting in spring
- Proper preparation of beds
- Seed preparation
- How far and how deep to plant
What does the bow planting on the head mean?
Onion is a two-year-old culture. To obtain a large head, which can be used to make the first, second dishes and add to salads, you need to have a seeding. You can plant this crop in a seedling manner, but not all varieties are suitable for this option.
Suitable for growing from seedsvariety:
- Excise.
- Danilovsky 301.
- Odintsovets.
- One-year-old Siberian.
- Strigunovsky.
Consider the traditional option - sowing onion seedling on the head.
Where to get the bulbs of seedling to plant in the open ground
Option two. The first, the simplest -buy sievein a horticultural store, on the market or in an online store. The second is to plant andraise the seedling independentlyfrom the cherry.
To obtain large heads, the value of the seed is important. For spring planting, the optimum size14-21 mm.
Pros:
- Do not shoot;
- Easier to get accustomed;
- by the end of July gives large heads of onions.
Sevok need not only be grown, but also stored properly during the winter. Optimum storage conditions:humidity 70%, temperature 15 degrees.
You need to buy sowok in the spring. Evaluate it visually and feel with your hands. Bulbs should be dry, elastic, without mechanical damage and rot. Quality seed has a good onion odor.
SymptomssubstandardSeeding:
- Wet.
- It smells like mold.
- There are white roots.
- Green sprouts came through.
- Bulbs of different sizes from the smallest (8-14 mm) to large (30 mm).
The advantages and disadvantages of the method
When growing a seedling independently, you can get heads for foodonly for the second year. But it is easier to choose the seeds of the variety you like and get your seed material of good quality.
The quality of the seed material offered by specialized stores often leaves much to be desired and the choice of varieties is usually limited.
Which varieties can be planted
Centurion F1- Early maturing hybrid, resistant to rifling. Forms elongated bulbs of medium size, covered with a yellow husk. Good quality. The harvest in the garden is stable, high.
.Stuttgarten Riesen- mid-ripening harvest variety of German breeding. With 1 square. m, you can get up to 5 kg of large bulbs of beautiful, round, slightly flattened shape. The average weight is about 150 g, large specimens can weigh 200-250 g. The color of the husks is golden yellow, the pulp is white. The flesh is sharp and juicy. The period of approaching ripeness is 95 days. Sturgeon at the heads of Stuttgart rizen is good.
Red Baron- Early, red variety. The maturity period on the bed is 90 (95) days. Productivity - 3 kg / m². The viability of the variety is good. The husks and flesh are red. The variety is resistant to fire. The variety is popular for its ability to be stored for a long time during the winter, a good semi-acute taste.
How to prepare a site for planting in spring
In autumn you can start preparing a place for planting in the open ground. Suitable sites, where grown in the summer, cucumbers, tomatoes, cabbage. Loves nutrient-richChernozem or loamy soils with normal acidity.
Proper preparation of beds
The success of the harvest depends on the soil in which the onion is supposed to be sown. During the summer it is depleted, it is possible to restore its fertility with the help of mineral and organic fertilizers. As an organic, you can use compost, prepared independently, or humus.
The norms of autumn application of fertilizers per 1 sq. Km. m of the ridge:
- 0.5 buckets of humus (compost);
- 30 g superphosphate;
- 15 g of potassium chloride.
Rushing to digon the spade bayonet. Komja not to break. Such treatment is the prevention of pests and diseases. The earth will freeze deeper. Less pest larvae will live until spring. When melting snow, moisture will stay longer in the soil.
In spring, along the surface of the ridge, scatter ammonium nitrate and loosen the soil superficially, followed by harrowing. The rate of saltpeter per square. m - 20 g.
Seed preparation
In the spring a month before planting the oniongo over. Divide into factions. Smaller bulbs are planted earlier. The largest onion-sowok - later than all, to reduce the likelihood of the appearance of arrows.
Before planting, the inoculum should be treated -etch. But beforehand it is heated for 2-3 weeks. You can warm up in the sun by putting a box with a bow sowing on the windowsill, or near the radiator.
Before planting, prepare an aqueous solution of manganese. Water should be at room temperature. Drain the seed material into the solution and allow to stand for 15 minutes. Slowly dry the treated seed and proceed to planting.
How far and how deep to plant
The technique of landing on the head is simple. On the prepared ridge to make grooves, separated from each otherat 20 cm. Furrow the water, pour a small amount of sifted ash.
Divide the bulbs into grooves. Follow the pattern:
- When large bulbs are planted, the distance10 centimeters.
- Medium -8 centimeters.
- Small -6 cm.
Bulbs should be covered with a layer of soil or humus. Depth thicknessnot more than 2 cm. Seedlings will appear much later with greater penetration of onion-sowing.
To get large heads you need a little. Choose the right variety, prepare the soil for planting. When choosing a place to observe the rotation. Observing these simple rules, even a beginner gardener will not be left without a crop.
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