Storm sewage: how is it arranged and what are its features?

The purpose of storm sewers is to drain melt and rainwater from the house.
If the house is small in size, and the territory adjacent to it is large, then there is no need to equip storm sewers.

Composition of storm sewers

It consists of several basic elements, which are:

• Drains - collect water;
• Sewer pipes - designed to transport the collected water;
• Collector - removes water.

Drainage systems

Their use allows you to remove water from the surface along with garbage and various small items. Drainage should be present at the outlet openings of the drainpipes, the blind area of ​​the house, open pond and paved surface, if its area exceeds 10 ^m.
There are two types of drainage systems:

• Linear;
• Point.

The former provide catchment on large areas. They are usually installed at an angle or in steps.
Linear drainage can be open in the form of a ceramic or concrete gutter. The edge of such products should be lower than the surrounding area. At the same time, the site itself provides a slight slope towards the drainage system.

Drainage points are designed as a water intake with an attached pipe and a drain hole equipped with a grill. They are used at sites where water is collected at one point. Drainage points are also indispensable in garden showers and shoe washing areas.

The storm drain system involves the use of a sump. This is a structure that is installed in the ground and provides for the collection of garbage, lumps of soil and other small inclusions. Water after passing through the sump is fed into the sewer.

Sewer pipes

The water drainage system through these elements is connected to the collector. Most often, plastic sewer pipes are used.

The following advantages are characteristic of sewer pipes made of plastic:

• Corrosion resistance;
• Long service life;
• Easy to install;
• The ability to provide natural movement of water.

Installation of sewer pipes is usually carried out in trenches, of course, with a slight slope towards the main pipe. Where they connect to the trunk, inspection wells must be present. The latter are pipes whose diameter is about 300 mm.
The main purpose of the inspection wells is to provide an opportunity to inspect the sewage system for its timely cleaning.

Collector

If the territory on which the house stands is a hill and there is a ravine next to it, then the pipes can be led directly there. If there are no such conditions, and the groundwater in the area lies close to the surface of the earth (2-3 m), then a water-absorbing well can be created. When a large amount of precipitation occurs, this structure accumulates water and takes it deep into the soil.

A water-absorbing well is usually placed at a distance of at least 6 m from the house. If the water that is discharged is highly polluted, then the distance from this facility to the natural source of drinking water should be at least 25 m. It is important that there is water-permeable soil under the well, otherwise it will not be possible to provide an effective flow water.

If for one reason or another it is not possible to equip a water-absorbing well, for example, due to the unsuitable type of soil or relief features, it is necessary to install a collector equipped with concrete walls and a pumping mechanism.

In areas characterized by severe winters, the collector is equiped below the freezing depth of the soil. As an alternative, you can insulate it with appropriate materials. In this case, the depth of the collector can be 70–80 cm.

If you properly design and install storm drains correctly, then the house and the surrounding area can be provided with reliable protection against excessive moisture. And if you still provide regular rainfall regular and quality care, then it will last for many decades.