Ventilation in the kitchen with an extractor hood is quite simple, but at the same time a necessary thing. This is the most effective way to "refresh" the air in a room. Without such a system, odors enter other living rooms, creating an uncomfortable atmosphere in the apartment. For a kitchen with a gas stove, an extractor hood is a must. It helps to collect fat on itself, preventing its appearance on walls, furniture, appliances.
Why do you need ventilation in the kitchen
The main function is to maintain a normal air composition. It cannot be performed by other devices: humidifiers, air purifiers, etc. During operation, the air in the room undergoes changes:
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- an increase in the concentration of harmful substances that are emitted by decoration, furniture and any other items;
- as a result of gas exchange in the lungs of a person, carbon dioxide accumulates in the room, and the percentage of oxygen decreases (the same happens when the burners are burning);
- heating devices also affect the quality of the air;
- microscopic fluff from textile and woolen products, particles of the epithelium of domestic animals constantly fly in the air, which is harmful to health;
- the formation of condensation.
These air changes do not mean that pets, textiles, etc. should be avoided. A negative effect is created only when the concentration of harmful substances is critically exceeded. Therefore, it is important to create an outflow of dirty air and an inflow of clean air. This is the function of an air duct in the kitchen.
Standards and requirements for kitchen exhaust systems and installation
Exhaust systems, like any other equipment, are subject to installation requirements and technical characteristics:
- Matching the size of the exhaust system and the gas stove below it for maximum odor removal efficiency.
- The hood should be installed at least 50-60 cm from the stove. This is done for the convenience of work. In addition, if the cooker hood is lowered too low, there is a high likelihood of grease accumulated on it igniting.
- The capacity of the hood should change the air at least 10 times per hour. To calculate how much the exhaust system must process, it is necessary to take into account the area and height of the ceilings in the kitchen. Calculate using the formula: V = S * h * 10 * 1.3, where S and h are the area and height of the room, respectively, 12 is the minimum air processing rate in 60 minutes, 1.3 is the correction factor.
- If there is no branch channel in the kitchen, then it is better to mount the hood already with the ability to adjust the performance, recirculation. If you connect the flow hood to natural ventilation, this will lead to the disruption of the latter. Also, do not turn on such devices for a long time.
- The foremen must strictly follow the instructions of the equipment passport.
- The hood is leveled.
- Obtuse turns are inadmissible, any turns should be as few as possible.
- If the route is longer than 300 cm, then a second exhaust fan is required.
- There is no need to choose equipment with a lot of power, it is a lot of noise, and it is not intended for a residential area.
How to make a kitchen hood correctly
It will not be difficult to make ventilation in the kitchen in an apartment. The installation process is not difficult, but requires some knowledge. For example, in a kitchen, the size of the air vent is different from that in the bathroom. A huge role in the correct functioning of the system will play the right equipment.
Preparatory work for installing the hood in the kitchen
In order for the hood to work correctly and reliably, the outlet is made to the outside. To do this, you need to lay the shortest exhaust duct in the kitchen. Ideal: round and no more than two turns. To prevent leakage and freezing, check valves must be installed. Before direct mounting, obtain information on the dimensions and location of the exhaust system.
Equipment location and dimensions
When placing the ventilation system in the kitchen, the position of the stove and the area of the room are taken into account. It is good if the room has high ceilings. Even very simple equipment will not harm the interior. Depending on the configuration, the following types of hoods are distinguished:
- Corner. When choosing this type of hood, a person has the opportunity to save space and make the hob more accessible, which is important for small kitchens.
- Wall. One side of the dome is adjacent to the wall, and the other is located above the hob.
- Ostrovnaya. Happy owners of spacious kitchens can afford to install an island-style structure. Then the hood will be located in the middle of the room - where the entire work surface is located in kitchen islands.
The shapes of the hoods also differ (inclined, flat).
Ventilation with a gas stove in the kitchen must work "together". Accordingly, the size must be selected for the existing plate. They either coincide, or the width and length of the hood increase by about 5 cm. You should not choose a hood that is too wide. Although it will perfectly cope with its function, it will become inconvenient to work in the kitchen.
The outlet is usually hidden in (under) a wall cabinet, sometimes in a casing that masks the air duct. Distance from the floor - 1.9 m.
Selection of exhaust duct materials
At the stage of selecting a suitable exhaust duct that will pass through the wall, several points must be taken into account. The first is the thickness of the wall, the second is the material in the wall through which the wiring will be carried out.
The best option is round zinc plating. It can be used both as a duct hidden in the wall and as a hidden duct. Any insulation is suitable for such a pipe. The insulating material must be of good quality and water-tight. You can give preference to one of the following materials:
- PVC;
- polypropylene;
- polyethylene;
- polyurethane.
Plastic products are easy to install and affordable. That is why it is most often chosen as a material for an exhaust duct in the kitchen.
Creating and preparing a ventilation hole in the wall
The first step is to draw up a diagram on the wall. Next, holes are made in order to then fix the tool bed. A dowel is hammered into the hole, and a hairpin is screwed in to secure it. The bed is fixed to the wall and the final measurements are taken.
Further, a drain is constructed, so that the chill of the drilling crown flows down through it. The easiest way is to make an aluminum foil gutter.
Drilling a wall takes place in several stages:
- First, the inner layer is destroyed, the arbolite cylinder is pulled out of the crown so that it does not interfere with further installation.
- Then the inside of the facade slab is drilled, and the cylinder is taken out again.
- At the final stage, the outer tile layer is drilled. The tool with the bed is dismantled.
Next, a system of reversal valves is assembled. They protect the duct from the penetration of cold air from the outside. The hood can then be mounted on the wall.
Mounting the hood casing
The flat-type hood is mounted to the bottom of the hanging furniture or to the wall.
If there is a corner strip, then the hood body is built into the wall cabinet. It happens that the installation is difficult due to the gas pipe or protrusions. In this case, plumbing self-tapping screws are used, which are screwed into the wall as dowels. The hood itself is attached at some distance from the wall. When properly installed, the system maintains optimal traction. Channel bends reduce the "strength" of the equipment by 10%.
After installing the reversing valve, you need to seal it outside the wall. Next, an insulated pipe is inserted. On the inner side of the wall, it is sealed, fastened with a square element for four dowels.
Air duct laying
Another task is to lay the air duct up to the hole. It is necessary to prepare a plastic or plasterboard box (easy to process). The box must hold not only its own mass, but also the mass of the air duct. Dowels must be used to secure the frame. Silicone sealant helps to achieve maximum tightness at the junction of the air duct.
Sequencing:
- Marking the location of the elements.
- Drilling a hole, fixing metal hangers with dowels.
- Phased installation of duct elements.
- Sealing connections.
To make the hood in the kitchen correctly, like a real professional, we must not forget about the sound insulation of the duct. This will neutralize unnecessary noise.
Creating a duct masking box
The air duct is a bulky structure, therefore it requires close it with a box. There are several ways to do this:
- use a plastic box (characterized by rigidity and lightness, convenient installation) - place it under the ceiling or above suspended furniture;
- use a plasterboard box (it is possible to equip with lamps) - a metal-profile frame is required.
Before you start masking the duct, you need to make sure there are no leaks.
Sequencing:
- Performing markup. Mark the location of the third profile.
- Drilling holes for self-tapping screws (the easiest way is through the profile).
- Insert dowels.
- Fastening profiles to self-tapping pins.
- Corner design with metal perforation of the hood corners.
- Connection of profiles by cross-sections.
- Fastening of plasterboard sheets to a metal-profile frame. The outer corner of the sheet is covered with a decorative corner.
It remains to carry out the final finishing.
Installing the supply valve
- If the ventilation in the kitchen works for a long time in the apartment, the reserves of air masses dry up. Installation of a supply valve is required. It can supply air to the system in the amount of 40-60 cubic meters per hour. There are several varieties of this device: standalone and optional. The first one is installed on the wall, the second - on the plastic window frames.
- First you need to mark the outline. Then drill a hole (with a downward slope). If it is a separate supply valve, then the hole diameter should be 4.5 cm. Then the sleeve is inserted.
- The valve pipe must be wrapped with insulating material. In this form, it is placed in the prepared hole (normally it protrudes slightly). The supply valve body is fixed on the dowels. At the final stage, filters are added to the system, which protect the room from dust and other fine debris.
- The force of the air flow can be controlled using the damper.
Connecting the hood to ventilation and power supply
If the apartment has a ground loop and euro sockets, then the wire must be connected to the ground terminal (designation: three strips of different lengths). In the absence of a grounded connector, you will have to make it yourself - screw the wire to the metal case.
Also, there may not be a euro socket. In this case, the system is grounded when connected to a damped neutral electrical panel. There is a bus with a ready-made pin, and a yellow-green grounded wire is draped over. Additional grounding is added to this mount, the wire is pulled into the kitchen.
The cross-section of the cable (made of copper, stranded) is not less than 2.5 mm2. The new wire is thrown over the old one. The exhaust system is switched on through an automatic machine with a current strength of 6 A.
Tips and tricks for using the hood in the kitchen
The system should be cleaned 2 times a year. Ventilation grilles for hoods in the kitchen are removed, cleaned of burning. This helps prevent ignition. But if there is no experience and knowledge about how to make a hood in the kitchen, it is better to invite an electrician to the apartment. Moreover, he can clearly show how to clean.
