The traditional brazier-cauldron made of metal in terms of popularity has long caught up with the usual steel barbecues, braziers and kebabs. Most of these structures are built from sheet steel, sometimes from cast iron.
It is well known that a real stove should be brick or made of stone. There is only one way to thoroughly figure out how to make a barbecue cauldron out of brick - to fold it with your own hands.
The content of the article:
- Design examples
-
Construction stages
- How to choose the right place?
- Preparation of materials and tools
- How to choose a brick
- Solution preparation
- Foundation preparation
- Masonry brick brazier
- Results
Design examples
There are several ways to fold a brick brazier with a stove under a cauldron. All of them are different, in each case the master tried to make the oven the most convenient, safe and easy to use.
If the summer season has begun and there is no time to make a major stove in the country, and before arrival only a few days left, then the cauldron can be put on supports made of stove bricks.
It is clear that this is a temporary scheme, it is not safe to use such a brazier-cauldron, so you need to make a full-fledged masonry for installing a cauldron with a firebox and a blower.
The easiest way is to make a classic "cube", one of the options for a brazier-cauldron with ordering is shown below in the diagram.
The weight of such a stove is no more than 300 kg, so a brazier-cauldron can be made even on a wooden floor, for example, on a terrace or in a gazebo. The only drawback of the scheme is the lack of a chimney. Combustion products and flue gases will be removed only due to the natural blowing of the brazier of the cauldron with a breeze.
In practice, braziers-"cubes" are built only for small rooms where there is a built-in chimney. For open areas and outbuildings, a more rational solution would be to make a brazier with a stove under a cauldron.
It can be a closed and fenced building under a canopy, as in the photo.
The chimney is made with an exhaust hood to prevent the accumulation of flue gases under a canopy.
If the chosen place allows, then the brick chimney with a cauldron stove is raised quite high to ensure good draft.
This decision is not accidental, the stove with a cauldron must be joined in height with a hob or barbecue. The problem is that the round bottom of the cauldron acts as the vault of the firebox. This form is not very suitable for the normal burning of firewood, so the burning process is helped by a nearby stove or barbecue, no matter which one.
It turns out, as it were, a complex of two furnaces. The main thing is that the stove or barbecue creates an initial draft in the chimney pipe, this will help the firewood flare up, and then the process will be stable. Brick smokehouses are built according to the same scheme.
Therefore, if you need a project in order to make a barbecue cauldron with your own hands, then you can choose the option presented below as a prototype. At the same time, you can make step-by-step instructions with your own hands, and the laying order, the main dimensions can be calculated in a special program on a computer.
A mandatory attribute of a brazier with a stove is a large cast-iron stove, it is installed under a cauldron, because it is impossible to embed dishes in brickwork due to different thermal expansion of cast iron and furnace bricks.
If there is a desire to surprise guests, then you can make a firebox under the cauldron without a blower, as in the photo.
In addition to the stove itself, it will be necessary to arrange and ennoble the building. For example, make a small canopy or gazebo, as in the drawing.
The brick pipe from the stove with barbecue will have to be brought out through the roof.
Reading: How to make a smokehouse cabinet with your own hands
Construction stages
First of all, you need to make the project right. Finnish or Swedish brick ovens are very popular.
Today, it is probably impossible to make a stove with a barbecue and a firebox under a cauldron better than the classic "Swede".
The second step is to draw up an action plan:
- Choose the right place. It is better to make a barbecue in the backyard, since any firebox is full of smoke and smells, so you need to take into account the direction of the wind.
- Make a foundation. Even if it is a light, simple brazier and a cauldron of 5 liters, you still need to make a base, since the structure has a rather high brick chimney.
- Select and purchase materials, rent tools.
- Lay out the body of the furnace, make a brick lining, install a stove and a cauldron.
- Make a chimney, its height will be at least 3 m.
After you lay out the stove, put the chimney, install the grate, the stove for the cauldron, the grate for the grill, for some time the masonry will dry out. Only after a week it will be possible to do the first drying: burn paper and a splinter in a firebox under a cauldron.
Only then will it become clear whether there were errors during construction or not. During this time, you can ennoble the area around the barbecue. Make a small podium or attach a terrace if it was not there at the time the construction of the stove with barbecue and cauldron began.
How to choose the right place?
It is best to make a brick stove on the windward side of a gazebo or any other place to relax. For example, make a stove with barbecue, adjacent to the podium in front of the pool or on the outdoor terrace.
A firebox with a brazier and a cauldron gives out quite a lot of heat, so this is a good option for relaxing in the evening or in cold weather. Thanks to the high chimney, there will be no problems with smoke, if you make a screen for the stove, then you can generally warm yourself by the brazier, like by a fireplace.
Another requirement is that the site must be suitable for the characteristics of the soil and rainwater runoff. That is, you can make additional reinforcement, a drain gutter to divert water flows, but it is much easier to choose a platform on a hill.
Preparation of materials and tools
There is nothing unusual in the construction of a cauldron stove. The outer hull is made of ordinary brick, the internal bulkheads must be made of stove stone. The walls in contact with the firebox should be shielded with basalt felt.
List of main materials:
- clay ceramic brick - 200-250 pieces, plus refractory 30 pieces;
- concrete M150 - 200 l, or 3 bags of cement ShPTs 300 plus sand 1.5 m3;
- dry masonry mix for laying fireplaces 2 bags;
- two sets: one double door for the combustion chamber under the cauldron (for the furnace and blower) and one for the ash pan under the barbecue;
- basalt felt - 4 sheets 25 mm thick;
- cast-iron stove under the cauldron, grill for barbecue;
- cast iron chimney damper;
- cap on the chimney;
- a plate of pressed vermiculite fiber with a thickness of at least 15 mm;
- two grates 300x170 mm - under the cauldron and barbecue, respectively;
- steel wire soft 3 mm.
Of the tools you will need a trowel, a grinder with cutting discs, a mason's hammer, a building level, painting cords, a shovel, a container for mixing concrete under the foundation, a small bucket of 7-8 liters for a set of masonry solution.
Separately, you need to buy reinforcement for the foundation, as well as a fine mesh for reinforcing the top layer of the concrete foundation. You will also need boards, a sheet of plastic film 1.5x2.5 m.
Separately, you need to choose a cauldron, you can not buy it right away, but you must look at the model with dimensions. Since the brick firebox turns out to be relatively small, then the cauldron must be chosen with a volume of 5-7 liters, no more.
The dishes should be cast iron, namely a cauldron, and not an aluminum or steel boiler. In the selection process, you will need to measure how tightly the cauldron sits on the cast-iron plate-stand.
In addition to the cauldron, you will need to buy a Chinese cast-iron frying pan with a concave bottom for the stove. Such dishes serve as a lid on the stove so that the bricks and coals in the furnace do not cool down while the cauldron is absent. Even in such a pan it is very convenient to heat vegetables and meat cooked on the grill.
You will need: DIY gas grill
How to choose a brick
For masonry, fireclay and ordinary brick of the M150 brand, but of very good quality, will be required. You can find a lot of recommendations that only a special oven brick with a high alumina content is needed for the stove, but this is not necessary.
In fact, for the outer walls of the brazier, a full-bodied molding brick made of good quality clay is suitable. The main thing is the structure, the brick should be dense, heavy, without cracks and colored spots, evenly colored, with a relatively small number of pores.
Modern brick is made by plastic molding and semi-dry pressing. The first one turns out to be heavy, cold, but strong enough not to crack from the heat of the coals in the brazier or in the firebox under the cauldron.
Dry-pressed bricks are usually facing or “warm” grades; they are unsuitable for laying furnace walls.
In addition to clay bricks, for a brazier-cauldron, fireclay is required, about 20-30 pieces. From it you will need to fold the pallet in the barbecue, as well as the firebox for the cauldron. Also, part of the fireclay will go to laying out the output from the chambers into the chimney.
Advice! Refractory bricks are usually of good quality, but it doesn't hurt to check. You can lightly hit the surface with a small hammer, the sound should be clear, metallic. Color - from gray-yellow to straw yellow.
One more thing - the outer and fireclay bricks must be the same size. For the furnace body, they usually take a standard size of 230x125x65 mm. The chamotte of the same size turns out to be a little thinner, instead of 65 mm, the thickness is 40 mm, or the brick can have a wedge-shaped shape.
Therefore, before you make a purchase of fireclay, you need to draw a brick layout diagram. And it’s better to make your own instructions for assembling the combustion chamber under the cauldron and separately for the barbecue.
Solution preparation
The easiest solution is to buy ready-made masonry mortar for fireplaces. This is a dry mix based on purified clay, a small addition of sand, lime and fireclay powder. There is a risk of buying a fake, there are a lot of them on the market. But if you are not greedy, then it is quite realistic to buy a dry mix for furnaces for ordinary and fireclay bricks.
The outer walls of the firebox under the cauldron, the walls and the entire part of the brazier are laid out from oven bricks, so you can make the batch yourself. For outdoor masonry under the cauldron and barbecue, a mixture of 20% cement, 15% greasy clay, lime, 40% pure washed sand, the rest is fireclay powder. Add 2 buckets of water per 10 liters of dry mix. Knead the solution in small portions, because it seizes quickly.
On a solution of cement (10%), clay (25%), fireclay (the remaining 65%), the hot part is laid out inside the furnace. On it you can lay out the walls and the transition from the firebox under the cauldron to the chimney. On clay with fireclay, but without cement, you can lay out a shelf under the barbecue.
The firebox for the cauldron and the pan under the barbecue are laid out of refractory bricks. For him, you need to make a separate solution - cement-chamotte. That is, instead of the usual quartz sand, fireclay sand and lime (5%) are added to the batch.
Mixing by hand is very difficult, usually mixed with a concrete mixer. But its volume for a cauldron and barbecue is small, so you can try to do the kneading by hand. The shelf life of the batch is 40-50 minutes.
Healthy: How to properly fold the oven with a stove
Foundation preparation
Under the stove with a cauldron and a barbecue, you can not make a concrete slab if you refuse a brick chimney, but use a modern sandwich pipe.
In this case, it is enough to drive four piles into the ground and tie them with a grillage.
If a brick pipe is provided in the cauldron-brazier project, then the foundation will have to be poured in accordance with all the rules:
- Stage one - you need to dig a rectangular pit. Depth - 35-40 cm, width and length are selected according to the size of the oven, so that from the cauldron-brazier to a circle a blind area 30-50 cm wide is obtained. Formwork from boards is sewn onto the walls. It is necessary that the foundation be at least 10-15 cm above the ground level.
- A mixture of sand and gravel is laid at the bottom with a layer of 10-15 cm, rammed, covered with plastic wrap. A reinforcing mesh is made on top of the wooden choppers. The formwork is poured with concrete and covered with fireclay sand, consumption is approximately 2 l / m2.
Masonry brick brazier
After three or four days, the formwork can be removed from the foundation. The laying of the furnace body under the barbecue and cauldron can be started no earlier than a week later. The layout scheme is quite simple - the base for the firebox of the cauldron and the brazier pan, as well as the central part of the furnace, are laid out first and second next.
On the third row, a metal sheet is laid out under the formation of a firebox (cauldron). It will be used to lay out the chamotte vault over the ash pan.
Further, the outer walls of the combustion chamber under the cauldron and the fireboxes under the barbecue are laid out of brick. All this is laid out from ordinary oven bricks.
Next, you will need to cut out the sidewalls for installing the door on the combustion chamber and the blower. But first, the walls of the furnace under the cauldron are sewn up with basalt felt. The inner walls are laid out from fireclay, and the bottom part will need to be cut with a grinder to fit the size of the grate.
A similar operation is performed in the chamber under the barbecue. Here the temperature is lower, so if necessary, you can do without basalt thermal insulation. Instead of fireclay bricks, heat-resistant cement-fireclay tiles are laid in three pieces per wall.
The volume of the firebox under the cauldron turned out to be slightly less than for the brazier, the combustion chamber was deliberately made elongated so that long logs could be thrown. At the brazier, the firebox is designed for a smoldering mode, the main fuel is a coal briquette, so the chamber is closer in shape to a classic one.
At the final stage, you need to cut the lining from the vermiculite thermal insulation. The sheet is strong enough to make a large hole for a cast-iron stove and a cauldron. The stove and lining are not placed above the firebox, they are shifted towards the chimney. That is, the cauldron will be heated by a stream of hot gases more evenly than if a place were made directly above the flame in the combustion chamber.
The last stage is the installation of the door in the brick walls under the cauldron. The double block is fixed with wire and sealed with a heat-resistant mass of vermiculite and aluminous cement.
There is a fire-resistant seal on the door itself, so for a cook standing at a cauldron or barbecue, the risk of getting carbon monoxide poisoning is, in fact, minimal.
The most difficult part of the stove - the pipe - can be made with metal formwork. This is a small box without a bottom, which is moved up as the bricks are laid out. It is not difficult to make it, the internal size of the box is chosen exactly according to the dimensions of the masonry.
Results
It is quite possible to make a barbecue cauldron out of bricks for those who have at least a little experience in building wood-burning stoves. The principle of construction is no different from conventional cooking, fireplace or bath products. Most of the instructions describe in detail the principle of choosing a brick, how to make mortar and masonry. All you need is practice and a desire to build a real cauldron-brazier with a brick chimney.
Did you manage to lay out a brazier-cauldron out of brick according to our instructions? Were there any difficulties during the work? Write comments, share the article on social networks and bookmark it.
