Independent repair of the gas stove

Let's start with the standards. GOST 10798 - 85, no longer valid, was extended a couple of times in Belarus, and in the Russian Federation in 94 the international standard came into force, GOST R 50696. Replaced by the 2006 edition. Whether the Kaiser gas stove is being repaired, whether Electrolux gas stoves are required, follow the documentation. Today we look through the directory of the gas industry worker in search of interesting. The design of the equipment is not too complicated, but there are a lot of requirements. This is of interest when an independent repair of the gas stove is planned.

Requirements for domestic gas stoves

The requirements of the 2006 standard do not apply to stoves with ovens, in which electric heaters are used simultaneously with gas. However, the repair of the oven gas stove is not interested.

Read standard. The table looks interesting at the beginning, where the minimum and maximum Wobbe index values ​​are given at a temperature of 15 ºС and a pressure of 101 kPa. According to the classification, the types of blue fuel are divided into three families, called simply:

1. First( artificial gas).
2. Second( natural gas).
3. Third( liquefied gas).

Calorific value is not the same. It is clear that the liquefied gas figure is higher. The second family includes three types of gas: H, L, E( according to the growth of the Wobbe number), in the third - two representatives. Depending on the category of equipment( from first to third), the ways of setting are different. Gas stoves of the first family of the first category in the territory of the Russian Federation are not used. Moreover, individual classes of equipment cannot be rearranged, in particular, those that do not have the + sign in the abbreviation. For example, I2H, I2L, I2E.As for the other devices of the second family, the adjustment is carried out in a similar way( for example, the first category):

1. I2H + —the setting is by setting the throttle plate or replacing the nozzle. The device is made for a pair of pressures. The pressure regulator does not work in both ranges.
2. I2L + - configuration is the same. The difference in the use of the type of gas L.
3. I2E + - do not require intervention in the work. Can operate at two pressures.

In the third family, only the air supply in devices marked with a plus can be regulated. Pressure regulator is not allowed to apply. We add that P means propane, B / P - butane-propane. This class of gas stoves is in the apartment of many. It is not clear how the services are going to make the transition to the supply of natural blue fuel( individual cities are threatened with innovation).Equipment category is provided for the second or third, otherwise you will have to purchase a gas stove.

The second category of equipment allows for mixed types of operation. The abbreviation consists of a Roman deuce( II) and a sequence of indices, where the types of gases are listed one after another. Use and configuration are similar to the first category. The device is a combination, called two in one. We add that the gas stoves of the first family operate at a fixed pressure, are not adjustable. Finally, the third category of equipment operates with gases of three families. With what - is listed in the indices. Configuration methods have already been described.

In the light of the above classification, it becomes clear why the nozzle often changes when switching to new pressure. Throttle washers are unpopular with domestic and import manufacturers. We believe that the situation is connected with the simplicity of replacing old injectors with new ones. I bought two sets - and enjoy life on any type of fuel. As for the residents of the houses, where they plan to switch to a new type of gas, people need to find out the category and family of equipment purchased so that the incident does not happen.

Features of setting up gas stoves

In order to move from the first pair of pressures to the second in the first category, the nozzles or throttle washers change, or by adjusting the air flow damper. Actually, these techniques are visible to the Belarusians. Often there is a need to adjust or replace the screw Small Fire. In this sense, the repair of gas stoves Ardo repeats the repair of gas stoves Ariston. In the 3P family, it is prohibited to switch to an alternative type of gas. It is allowed to replace the nozzle, adjust the air supply or gearbox to change the working pressure.

The second category is much more interesting. When switching from the gas of the first family to the second, manipulations are performed:

1. Replacement of injectors or chokes.
2. Setting the gas flow for the first family. For the second family, on the contrary, regulating devices are withdrawn.
3. Replacing the pilot burner.
4. Air supply adjustment.

The bulky standard talks about the presence of a pressure regulator, which is removed in some cases:

1. The regulator is not allowed to be set when adjustment is carried out without changing the input flow.
2. Exceptions are devices from the 2P +, 2L +, 2E + families.
3. In all other cases, the presence of a gas pressure regulator is permitted.

In gas stoves of the second category, the transition between the second and third families( and vice versa) takes place in the following manner:

1. Changing the nozzle or throttle.
2. Elimination of the pressure regulator for the second family in the cases indicated above.
3. For the third family, the elements of the small flow preset are removed.
4. Air supply adjustment.

The third category of gas stoves is configured using similar methods. When switching from one gas to another within the third family, the process consists in adjusting the air supply.

Gas Varieties

Four types of gas are used in Russia:

• Natural gas is called so because it is produced from special fields. Consists mainly of methane.
• Associated gas is a byproduct of oil production. Ethane, propane and butane are included.

• Liquefied gas is obtained from the accompanying. Ethan is not.
• Condensate gases.

The composition of the gas depends on the field. Find the corresponding numbers in the network. The percentage of methane in natural gas produced in the country ranges from 40-99.2%.It is clear that in the latter case( Tyumen region) the calorific value is minimal.

Safety rules when working with gas

Two things that a person who has to do an independent repair of a gas stove should know:

1. Gas does not smell. Methane without taste and color. Other impurities have similar qualities. Odorant is added to localize leakage into the gas, which allows to sense the combustible mixture at a concentration of 20% explosive( 5 times lower).
2. Gas combustion products lack taste and smell. By smell, we can feel the result of oxidation of accompanying impurities( sulfur, first of all).

For natural gas, an explosive concentration of 5% in air. The odorant makes it clear to people, by irritating the olfactory receptors, that a leak has appeared, when the specific proportion of the fuel is 1%.For liquid gas, the figure is half as much( 0.5%).When identifying a situation, it is impossible to turn on and off electrical appliances, lights, and light a fire. It is necessary to de-energize the kitchen( the room where there is a gas stove), then ventilate, but it is forbidden to turn on the hood.

Curiously, methane is not toxic. Kill the impurities taken from the field. Moreover, worsening the safety, the elect are sometimes useful, and the presence of others is caused by the imperfection of the extraction and refining process:

1. Carbon monoxide increases the specific heat of combustion of low-calorie gas. This is an extremely dangerous component, with a concentration in the air of 0.5% of people die in minutes. This gas is produced by the combustion of hydrocarbons( including methane) with a lack of oxygen. Do not run the exhaust pipe of the boiler into the vent. With a stove, it is usually different, there is no shortage of air.
2. Hydrogen sulfide with a pungent odor, but the permitted concentration is so low that the smell is impotent. The products of combustion and the gas itself are not dangerous for humans, but they do a lot of harm to exhaust pipes. On the features of the design of chimneys more than once told earlier( see, for example, the product Volcano).
3. Hydrofluoric acid evaporates at a temperature of 26 ºC, is a frequent companion of gas. MAC is small. The product is certainly harmful.
4. Carbon dioxide does not burn, only reduces the calorific value of the fuel. At a concentration of 5%, the substance causes irritation of the mucous membrane. If the concentration increases, poisoning is possible. The smell and taste of carbon dioxide is sour. When combined with water, it forms a weak acid known from refreshing drinks( Fanta, Kola).
5. In natural gas we meet oxygen. Content is sought to limit for two reasons considered negative in the gasification industry. This decrease in calorific value and the danger of an explosion at elevated concentrations.

These are not the only examples of volatile compounds. Carbon monoxide is a separate danger with its stealth: under normal conditions it does not react with oxygen. Repair of domestic gas stoves is fraught with danger of leakage. The master should be able to wash the joints and know how to detect the fact of depressurization, and what to do in the latter case.