Pumping water with a hand pump is, of course, not as convenient as its electric counterpart. The speed of the work is not even close comparison. However, there are situations where a hand pump for water is a necessary, and sometimes the only possible solution. For example, as a temporary type at the stage of water supply at home. It is unreasonable to buy a device for short-term use. Do you agree?
We offer extensive information on options for self-fabricating hand pumps. We present proven practices that are available to home craftsmen in terms of costs and methods of implementation. Created on our advice homemade will smoothly serve the time allotted to it.
In the presented article there are valuable recommendations for craftsmen who want to implement a difficult idea. Carefully described popular and less popular models. The information is supported by photo clips, diagrams and video tutorials.
The content of the article:
- Purpose of manual models
- Types of devices for pumping water
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Popular artisanal pumps
- Option # 1 - Casing Piston Assembly
- Option # 2 - rod pump for well
- Option # 3 is a collapsible model for the summer season.
- Less popular manual modifications
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Purpose of manual models
The main purpose of using pumping equipment is to transfer water from a source to certain points: in a residential building, bath, garage, or vegetable garden. In suburban areas the source is most often wells and wells, less often - ponds and other reservoirs.
All residential or holiday homes can be divided into three categories: permanent, seasonal and periodic residence. Not all of them are supplied with electricity, and some are supplied irregularly.
If we summarize all the factors listed above, we can draw the following conclusions:
- electric energy is used by default in permanent homes; therefore, the main equipment for pumping water is an electric pump, and the manual model is a spare backup unit;
- if the dacha is used only in summer and power lines are connected, then the volatile option also fits perfectly, and manual adaptation plays a secondary role;
- a country house without electricity needs equipment of manual type most of all.
For irrigation of 2-3 beds, you can still draw water in buckets, but to ensure full and daily watering of beds, greenhouses and lawns, a pump is needed. This is where the model comes in handy, which requires a pair of hands for maintenance.
You can make a simple column yourself by applying the skills of welding and assembling metal or plastic parts.
A model for the manufacture of your own model can be a factory product, assembled from durable cast iron or steel parts, with a convenient handle for use.
Some craftsmen construct reliable equipment for wells and wells, regularly serving for years. We present a review of homemade products, for the manufacture of which the improvised material was used.
Types of devices for pumping water
One physical force used to lift water to the top is small, as the process becomes hard and time consuming. Therefore, mankind long ago invented many devices that facilitate the lifting of fluid from a well or a natural reservoir to the surface.
All devices are united by a common principle of operation, which is based on the interaction of the valve system.
There are many types of hand pumps, but four main types can be distinguished:
- piston;
- stock rods (piston types);
- winged;
- membrane.
For manufacturing at home, usually choose the first type, if you need to maintain a well of small depth (3-6 m), or the second, if you need to lift water from a well from a depth of 10-12 m.
These models are considered to be the most productive, easy to assemble and install, reliable. The rest have significant drawbacks, the largest of which is considered to be insufficient productivity.
It is the piston devices that occupied the main niche among the factory hand-held equipment, they are popular among home craftsmen.
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The control element of the handheld device is a long handle, which operates according to the lever principle. It controls the rod, which in turn moves the fixed piston up / down, so that water is sucked into the pipe
Devices made in the factory, consist of iron or steel elements. Self-processing of cast iron is almost impossible, so homemade products are welded from steel parts and assembled from plastic pipes.
There are several variants of the supply line, but the most popular is the installation of a pipe with a check valve: it is lowered into the water at one end, and the other end is connected to the pump inlet. The exit of the liquid is carried out through another pipe located in the upper part
The housing of a typical pump has a vertical shape. It is fixed either by landing directly on the casing using flange / socket joints, or installed on the surface of the earth using support profiles, disguised last ground or decor
The principle of the household pump
Material manufacturing piston model
The method of connection with a water source
How to install the pump
The advantage of piston pump columns is the ease of assembly and installation. All parts necessary for the manufacture of the hull and dynamic parts can be found on the farm or purchased.
And to connect the elements into a single device is usually enough home tools: drills, circular saws, handsaw, pliers, keys. If you need a welding machine, you can rent it or take it for a while from your neighbors.
Popular artisanal pumps
To pump water from one place to another, use all kinds of manual pumps. Their principle of operation is based on the simplest laws of physics, according to which water can move through pipes and vessels due to differences in temperature, pressure, altitude, etc. Let us find out how the devices made by amateur masters act.
Option # 1 - Casing Piston Assembly
The homemade product was invented by a master with a specific goal - for well pumping. However, it turned out to be quite productive, so it was later used for pumping water from the pond and as a backup pump option during a power outage.
To make the pump, you need a minimum set of tools: a grinder for cutting metal parts, a welding machine and a drill for drilling holes for fasteners
All steel cutting work is done with an electric circular saw. If you use hand tools, the manufacture will be delayed for a long time.
To perform the connection of metal parts requires experience welding. If you are new to this business, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with welding rules and nuances.
Overview of the homemade pump details:
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Any hollow metal part of a cylindrical shape, for example, a fragment of a casing, will be suitable for the manufacture of a body. Diameter - 125 mm, length - 300 mm
For the manufacture of round parts used steel 4 mm, the ring is made of a strip 30 mm wide and 3 mm thick. Two holes are drilled in the center of the circle.
Two outlets are welded to the holes in the base - the inlet and the outlet. A 1-inch check valve, purchased from a store, is attached to both taps by a threaded connection.
A thick rubber gasket is placed on the base-bottom in the form of a circle with a hole cut out in the center so as not to impede the water circulating through the pipes
The rod is made of metal rod 16 mm. On one side, a 12 mm piston nut is attached to it: two metal discs, between which a thick piece of rubber is inserted
It is made on the same principle as the base under the cylinder - of 4 mm thick steel with a welded rim. The only difference - a side slightly lower, 20 mm
The lever is made of pipe 40 * 20 mm. It is fixed on the cover with the help of a 20 * 20 mm stand. Both parts are not fixed, but move on connecting bolts.
To firmly connect the base with the top cover and give stability to the structure, use 10 mm threaded rods installed along the cylinder on both sides
Casing Cylinder
Bottom cover for cylinder installation
A pair of check valves on the pipes
Rubber gasket for sealing
Piston mounted on the rod
Round cover for the cylinder
The metal lever interfaced to a cover
Metal connecting pins
For installation on the ground, a kind of base is used - a construction of metal pipes 20 * 40 mm and 20 * 20 mm. Thanks to the long welded pipes, the pump stands firmly in a strictly upright position.
Option # 2 - rod pump for well
The model, made of a finished body of a fire extinguisher, differs from the previous reliability and higher performance.
Self-made "samovar" can be safely installed on the well to a depth of 15 m. It is optional use it continuously, but in the absence of electricity or to clean the well it will simply indispensable.
The principle of operation is the same: due to the vacuum in the zone of movement of the piston, water flows from the well into the pump casing, and from there through the outlet nozzle to the outside, into the substituted container.
The device is suitable for servicing a well, well, pool, pond or other body of water. It can pump not only clean water, but also dirty liquid with silt, sand and pollution.
For manufacturing, you will need a tool for cutting and machining metal parts, as well as a welding machine. The distinctive features of the model will be considered in more detail.
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For the manufacture of the body used standard carbon dioxide fire extinguisher volume of 5 liters, which has cut the bottom. The thickness of the metal walls - 5 mm. On the frame fixed corners 35 mm
The base used is a piece of sheet steel 77 mm thick. The size is 310 * 240 mm. Four legs are welded on the bottom, the pump casing and the arm stand are on top.
A short, welded ½-inch drift with a plug on the thread is necessary for pouring water into the case, if for some reason it is not there
For the manufacture of outlet pipe used steel pipe ¾ inch, or rather two of its fragments, welded at an angle. End ¾ to ½ ”threaded adapter
Bottom to the bed, exactly under the body, the second stage is welded, designed for water intake. The end of the threaded nozzle ¾ involves attaching a pipe or hose
For the transfer of a heavy pump, two finished steel handles are welded on both sides. Instead, you can use homemade curved elements of wire rod 10 mm
The body is not welded to the base, but is mounted on a thick sealing rubber, in the central part of which a hole is cut. Above the rubber - mounting bolts M6
A metal rod with a cross section of 14 mm was used as a rod. Thick wire or a piece of reinforcement does not fit - it should be as durable as possible and not deform over time
Pump housing - fire extinguisher
Bed for installation in the ground
Pipe at the top of the case
Spillage for water
Driving water intake
Handles for carrying the structure
Seal between bed and body
Piston rod
From above, all metal parts are treated with a primer to protect against corrosion, since the pump will be located outdoors, in the open air.
On top of the primer it is necessary to paint it on the metal to make the protective layer as strong and tight as possible.
It looks like a piston, which is responsible for the movement of water. This is a perforated metal round plate 5 mm + thick rubber seal. Hole diameter - 10 mm
It is difficult to judge the exact performance of the device, testing is necessary. However, it can be said that in one press of the lever about 2-3 liters of water are pumped, that is, only 3-4 pressures can fill the bucket.
If the above instructions for assembling home-made you seemed to be difficult and you do not want to spend time on production, but you need a pump for pumping dirty water, we advise you to look at the ready-made models sold in the shops. And to make it easier for you to choose a suitable model, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with best drainage pumpsrepresented on the market.
Option # 3 is a collapsible model for the summer season.
If the well is shallow, an economical and simple plastic model will cope with the delivery of water to the top.
Summer version of the manual pump, fully assembled from plastic pipes with a diameter of 20 and 50 mm. Only a check valve and filter are made of metal.
Self-assembly will require:
- plastic sewer pipes for 50 mm - 2 pieces of 3 m;
- strainer for mounting on the end of the pipe;
- thin PP pipe with 20 mm threaded for mounting the check valve;
- factory-made check valve;
- fastening the handle from the tee 25 * 20 mm with soldered thread;
- metal tube for the handle;
- PTFE gasket for the manufacture of the piston;
- clamps with dowels for fastening the pipe to the walls of the well.
The assembly is as follows. To a flexible PP pipe with a diameter of 20 mm, along which water will move, first screw the fluoroplastic piston, then the check valve.
Insert it into the sewer plastic pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, on the side of the non-return valve close the nozzle with a filter. It turns out the construction of "pipe in pipe", which must be immersed in the well.
On the side of the well hatch is making a hole for the pipe. Need 2 or 3 clamps with rubber seals to fix the pipe to the wall of the well
To the other end of the PP pipe wind the tee, insert a handle into it. To pump water, you need to take the handle with both hands and move the pipe up / down.
Externally and in the manner of movement of the handle, the pump resembles a manual counterpart for swapping bicycle wheels.
The outer part is supplemented with a spout from a piece of sewer pipe and two fittings - tee and angle 90º. During the movement of the handle up / down the water is poured out of the outflow (nozzle) into the substituted container.
One of the advantages of a simple plastic model is that it can be quickly disassembled. With the onset of cold weather, the outer parts are removed, and the PP pipe is simply pulled out. As a result, there is only one element left - the sewage pipe, but nothing threatens it in the well shaft.
If you change your mind about making a homemade pump, you can always buy ready-made equipment in the store. Tips for choosing a pump for the well we brought here.
Less popular manual modifications
In addition to the piston models, which are well proven in the factory and handicraft performance, other devices are used.
They are less productive, but interesting in terms of design and principle of operation.
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The principle of operation is based on the action of centrifugal force. The advantage is that the bike practically does not have to be modified - the rod is driven by pedal twisting
The use of wood due to ease of processing. But the main element is considered to be a flexible rod, which can be used for wells up to 25 m deep.
The vacuum of air occurs by mechanical pressure on the membrane, made of ordinary plunger. Water is sucked inside the rubber cap and then enters the pipe.
To assemble the structure, you will need a bicycle wheel, a frame stand and a water supply sleeve. The liner is easiest to make a plastic sewer pipe with a diameter of 110 mm
Bicycle pump
Wooden model with flexible rod
Membrane type device
The construction of the liner and wheels
There are factory models that are inexpedient to make their own hands. For example, equipment based on the impeller. Such devices are used in the industrial sector, for giving they are not very convenient.
In addition, buy a compact metal device that looks like a twist for cans, will cost no more than make yourself.
None of the considered designs of homemade pumps do not suit you? Then we recommend to see more options homemade, the manufacture of which we have considered in the next article.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Before embarking on the independent production of a hand pump, learn the experience of home craftsmen. This will help not only to learn new technologies, but also to avoid annoying mistakes.
Work membrane pump:
Instructions for equipment hose:
Testing a simple model for $ 6:
Assembly, revision and installation of factory products:
The manual water pump is a great helper in a difficult situation. If an accident occurs on the electric highway, you will not be left without water: you can pump a few buckets from the well with a hand pump.
And in order to assemble a useful device on your own, you will not need to study complex technologies or look for special materials - you will find everything in the household..
Decided to assemble a homemade pump for water from scrap materials? Maybe you want to clarify some points that are not completely disassembled in this material? Ask your questions in the comments block - we will try to help you.
Or maybe you want to supplement our article with clarifications or useful recommendations? Write to us, please, about this, express your opinion.
