Gas heating private house: circuit variants of the device, review the best solutions

Heating systems that use gas as fuel, have excellent efficiency and reliability. heat generators therein have a high efficiency and safe in operation. Organize gas heating private houses in several ways.

There are solutions to the budget in the performance, and more expensive with maximum efficiency and operational stability.

Centralized or autonomous gas supply?

Without combustion of fuel is the use of any options intrahouse heating system in standalone version will be zero. Gas - is the first thing you need to consider when planning a holiday home gas heating.

Not all the settlements in the Russian gas supplied. However, the "natural gas" can be obtained not only from a tube or bottle with liquefied fuel, but also from the gas tank.

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Gas - the affordability fuel, especially if there is a possibility to connect to the centralized gas supply

A significant disadvantage of the use of gas is its virulence and ability to explode in violation of operating procedures

Centralized network of consumer gas is transported natural gas or a synthetic analogue, obtained by processing oil plants, peat, coal etc.

In cities gas is transported over networks medium pressure where it comes into regulatory station, reducing pressure to low, suitable for supply to household appliances values

In towns and villages smaller laid low pressure network, supplying a low-calorie fuel and blue srednekaloriynoe

Natural gas pipelines lines pave the underground, buried them below the seasonal freezing of soil layers. Overground laying allowed at the intersection of rivers, roads, ravines and similar obstacles

On entering a particular building or district as well as settlement of the disconnecting device is installed. They put on each branch of the pipeline and the pipeline before going through the obstacles

The internal wiring of the pipeline is made of water and gas pipes, regulated GOST 3262-75. Their double-stained with oil paint to protect against corrosion

Connecting homes to the central gas supply

Detached house gasified

Bulk gas conduit

Regulating the pressure in the manifold station

The gas network is a small village

Paving the line according to the rules of the pipeline

A switch valve for entering a private home

Protective coloration pipelines

Natural gas consisting essentially of methane, in homes is piped. Liquefied its counterpart - a propane-butane mixture, which is to transport and store is pumped into the tank. The pressure in these cylinders and gas holders about 15-18 atmospheres.

When heating company in a private home with the help of a flask containing 50 liters of the past winter have to be changed every 2-3 days.

When the selected country cottage independent gas supply, it is best to choose gas holder, which can be up to a volume of 20 cubic meters.

Selecting the cubic capacity of the container depends on the level of consumption of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Here it is necessary to consider not only the boiler, but also a fireplace and gas fire, if they are used in the home.

For cottage 150 sq.m. gasholder is recommended to set a volume of 2000-3000 liters. And for a country home in the 300 sq.m. required option to 8000-9000 liters.

In the absence of a settlement gas line can use the one with independent supply of fuel gas tank for storing gas in a liquefied state

At a cost of connecting gas pipeline in most cases more winnings than the tank in the ground. But only when the town already gasified.

There may be situations in which the installation gasholder cheaper than the connection to the main pipeline. It all depends on the specific conditions in the region and to connect remote settlements from large gas pipeline.

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In case of absence in the area of ​​centralized gas appliances can be supplied by the individual or group of gas installations

When using a group of gas cylinders intended for household appliances power, they are placed outside in a metal cabinet

In the case of using a single gas cylinder may be installed in the room and in which the working gas consuming equipment

Liquefied gas for private houses can not buy tanks and pumped into the gas tank mounted on the surface or sunk into the ground

Domestic installation LPG

Location group of gas cylinders

A single gas cylinder

Gasholder for pumping liquefied gas

When using a gas-holder does not have to worry about the presence of pressure in the pipe. It is extremely easy to operate.

We only need to regularly call the professionals for its safety checks, and do not forget to refuel. For the installation of the entire system will require no more than three days.

If the option is selected autonomous gasification, the gas boiler should acquire one that is designed to operate on LPG. On sale is a model designed for operation exclusively on the main natural gas.

However, most gas generators of heat are adapted for both kinds of combustion of this fuel. It will only have to change the nozzles, as well as to reconfigure a valve mode and electronics.

The main drawback of the gas tank - install it only on larger areas, the capacity for building codes requirements should be removed from the house at least 10 m

Select heating gas boiler

Contemporary Heat-generating equipment on the gas has a variety of automatic and able to operate in several modes. It can be a floor and wall.

The second embodiment is more compact, but has a power limitation. If the model is chosen for large on the private area of ​​the house, you have to acquire a powerful unit in the outdoor performance.

Gas boilers divided by the process execution, ignition type, energy efficiency, and number of contours method flue gases

The principle of operation of the gas boiler is simple - the combustible is ignited in a burner using piezoelectric elements or electronic ignition, more thermal energy is produced as a result of fuel burning, which is through the heat exchanger transferred to the water.

The latter is already being used as a coolant in the heating system or hot water consumed.

According to the efficiency of conventional gas boilers lose convection condensation. First performance does not exceed 90% of the energy consumption. Manufacturers second guarantee 100% efficiency, in some models promised 105 and even 110%

The heat exchanger in the gas boiler can be made:

• steel (stainless steel);
• copper;
• iron.

The most common variants of the steel. This is cheap and ductile metal, whereby fracture of constant heating / cooling it to appear less frequently.

But steel elements in constant interaction with the gas water heating system, arranged in a country house, quickly begin to corrode.

Chugunnyi exchanger most durable, cheaper steel, and copper is most efficient in transferring heat to water captivity

Cast iron is less susceptible to corrosion, but it is quite heavy. Most of the cast-iron heat exchangers, boilers, floor models. On the wall is a heavyweight and overall equipment mount problematic.

If you need a compact and lightweight as possible a heating unit, the best option - a copper coil. However, it is worth the most expensive among peers from other metals.

To supply the cabin heat and hot water can choose the scheme with two single-circuit or boilers embodiment one dual-installation

On the number of loops in the hot water boiler depends on gas piping scheme and the principle of its use. A heat exchanger was originally intended to bring in a private home gas heating systems.

For hot water should be set another pot, or just select dual-circuit model.

To heat hot water for domestic use is best in the storage boiler. Flow models are less economical. They consume gas for heating will be more.

Wall gas-fired boilers are fully expanded miniature boiler. Their design has its own circulation pump, expansion tank and safety group. Most types of equipment wall serves two circuits

What combustor better?

The gas in the boiler furnace was burning, it needs a constant supply of oxygen. It is taken directly from the boiler room or retracts from the street. The first variant assumes the natural flow of air, and the second - forced by a fan.

Gas boilers equipped with combustion chambers of two types:

1. closed - make-up oxygen is carried through the nip between the paired tubes of different diameters. The combustion products are discharged on the inner channel.
2. open - the air in the furnace goes out of the room with the heating plant via the air inlet. Combustion products are displayed in a circular sectional flue.

The first option is independent of the floor space. Suitable for rooms of any size. Must coaxial flue view of the unit with a closed firebox can be through a wall or ceiling with the upper roof.

In the second case it is necessary to set a high chimney 5-6 meters, or thrust for sucking the combustion chamber volume of oxygen required would be insufficient.

But gas boilers with atmospheric burner is not required to connect to the mains. Fan they do not, everything happens naturally, without forced circulation.

Boilers with sealed chamber and forced air injection compared to open have a higher efficiency, but require them to operate constant power

Gas water heaters with an open combustion chamber is recommended to put in special rooms with good ventilation. If you mount them in living rooms, they greatly reduce the amount of oxygen in these.

Without forced ventilation system here will no longer be enough. This additional expenditure on installation and subsequent operation of equipment for air ventilation.

Characteristics of condensing models

In conventional steam boilers of gas generated by the combustion gas emitted into the chimney. In the process of combustion it is formed slightly, but it still carries a fairly significant amount of thermal energy. In order not to waste this heat, condensing boilers have been developed.

Condensing flue gases in the boiler before the chimney exit to pass through the secondary heat exchanger where it is heated slightly in the aggregate incoming cold water

The principle of operation of these units is based on the fact that during cooling steam exhaust gas gives off heat from the return water of the heating system.

wherein the coolant temperature rises slightly, but as the additional heat source heat exchanger is quite suitable.

Condensing water from the condensing boiler is removed through a special tube into the sewer or a separate container.

Here it is necessary to understand clearly is one caveat - the condensate is actually a low-concentration acid. Moreover, it can hour natekat to 4-6 liters.

If the liquid is poured into a septic tank, all the microbes living in it will be destroyed. If there is a country house treatment plants discharge into the sewer system from the boiler condensate can not.

With the design of the chimney all easy enough to take the one that is designed for boilers with sealed chamber.

Fireplace Gas heating homes

For the cost of equipment Gas fireplaces comparable to an electric or wood-analogues. But gas fuel is much cheaper.

And unlike wood, gas central heating with a fireplace in a country house implies the absence of problems with the ash. Plus, you do not have to constantly monitor the operation of the furnace and take care of chopping wood.

Fireplaces, processing gas in the thermal energy used in heating systems, since They are not equipped with devices necessary to serve the two circuits

By type installing fireplaces Gas are:

• wall-mounted;
• island;
• embedded.

Following the general design and internal filling (burner equipment, combustion chambers device), they are the same boilers. In both cases, the connection method is identical to the network. Differences exist only in principle, space heating.

According to the principle of connection and organization of heating gas fireplaces are similar to floor heating boilers

The boiler originally designed for heating water and conventional fireplace - air convection from the casing and facing the screen, behind which the fuel is burning.

water heating circuit device in a private house

For heating cottages developing are heating systems with water as a coolant, consisting of:

• boiler water heating (single-circuit or bypass);
• pipes and fittings, (Metallic or polypropylene);
• bypasses, Allows you to disable individual heaters on the network;
• battery (Iron, aluminum, steel and bimetal);
• tank expansion.

Gas heating units are equipped with specific security system, including solenoid valve and thermocouple. The devices are interconnected by wires.

If the heater is functioning properly, the thermocouple junction is heated igniter. At this time, the solenoid coil current flows freely, which provides an open valve position.

When the gas cools the thermocouple access overlaps the solenoid valve.

Under the scheme the battery connection they are monotube and twin tube. In the first case water is supplied and discharged from the radiator by means of one pipe.

In the second heating device is connected to two separate pipework (flow and return).

Heating pipes can be connected to the batteries at the lower, upper, lateral and diagonal pattern

Heating circuits on the basis of the movement of water in the pipes are forced and natural circulation.

When the device of the second embodiment the coolant is circulated in the system by convection and gravity. A forced scheme involves the installation circulating pump.

To ensure the normal operation of a system with two or more circuits connected to the collector, it involves the installation of gidrostrelki. Hydraulic hand eliminates pressure drops and the risk of water hammer.

The surge tank can be opened and closed (divided internally into two parts sealed membrane). For gravitational heating will be sufficient to open embodiment. Closed tank designed for circuits with forced circulation.

If you are using an open expansion tank water is saturated with air, it does not become a problem, the system should be complemented with contour delete it

Small cottages will be enough natural principle of water movement. However, if the residential building has two or three floors, you can not do without the pump.

The length of the circulation circuit in the first circuit 30 is limited to five meters. At a greater distance the boiler water to "push" can not.

When the natural circulation of the coolant in the circuit pump offline private house gas heating. If the boiler is selected, non-volatile, the entire heating system is obtained which is independent from the power supply. It simply does not consume electricity elements.

On the one hand it is more stable in operation, but on the other - heating quality therein below (the most distant from the water heater radiator comes strongly cooled).

Especially the last regard pipes and panels made of steel or cast iron. These materials high hydraulic resistance, which reduces coolant current.

In addition to using standard radiators in a country house can arrange gas heating with the "warm floor"

And possible variant of the organization of the combined heating system. It is connected to the circulating pump through the bypass line. If necessary, quickly warm up the air in the room, he turned on the acceleration of the water cycle.

And in other cases, is cut off from the main pipe stopcocks, the system continues to function in a natural (gravitational) mode.

Rules arrangement gas heating

Gasification and building on the basis of the gas heating system in a private home in several steps:

1. The preparation and subsequent approval by regulatory authorities in the gas heating project.
2. The purchase of supplies, boiler and other equipment.
3. Connecting homes to the township gas network.
4. Installation of gas equipment and piping systems with batteries.
5. Filling coolant pipes.
6. Verifying by a trial run.

Prepare yourself for your holiday home gas heating project with all the diagrams and calculations without the presence of heat engineering diploma is not possible.

In addition, the generated documentation still needs to be negotiated in the gas industry. Best of all, all these procedures appropriate to entrust to employees of design and installation company.

The circuit arrangement in a private home heating gas should be calculated in detail. If the boiler is to choose too strong, it will burn too much fuel.

But with little capacity of the unit will have to work at full capacity, with the result that he prematurely fail.

Useful videos on the topic

The nuances of the organization gas heating cottage:

Principles of circulation of the coolant in the heating system of a private house:

Assembly of different heating systems for country cottages:

Properly prepare for a private house calculations and gas heating organization scheme able only an experienced heating engineer. Drafting of project documentation and its coordination is best left to professionals. But the further installation of the heating system can be performed independently. There needs to be a skill assembly work, as well as strict adherence to the instructions and projects.