Electric crossover switch - a device designed for use in the communications of electrical circuits. In particular, this class of devices is widely used when there is a need for light source control organization from different angles. Typically, the scheme involves the introduction of this device as an additional component to the existing circuit breakers feedthrough.
In this paper we consider the structure and circuitry of the device itself, and particularly the connection in various embodiments. Material is supplemented by visual diagrams, photos and videos on self-assembly.
The content of the article:
- The construction of cross-breaker
- Schematic diagram of the device
- Analysis device schematics contact groups
-
Mounting features and inclusion in the chain
- Option # 1 - the nuances of connecting the intermediate unit
- Option # 2 - schematics for several devices
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
The construction of cross-breaker
In itself inversion switching devices for power line simple. However, due to the multipoint schematics, typical for such devices, the implementation difficulties might become real. Therefore it is logical to consider the structure of the apparatus, and connecting the circuit.
Assign Communicator obvious - connection of electrical circuits for household (commercial) purposes, where the voltage level does not exceed 250 volts. Standard version The units are designed to operate within a dry warm room suitable for the set standard protection class (IP20).
Outwardly, he is no different from the traditional light constructions of devices switching devices. However, the internal reversing switch system has a somewhat different circuit solution
Mounting the installation of cross-switches is conducted in the traditional way (similar to conventional switch assembly light) to attach the mounting box with screws, or is an internal installation with base mount to the wall with metal legs.
The housing is usually made on the basis of impact-resistant Flame-retardant technopolymer. All the details of construction under outdoor installation are resistant to ultraviolet radiation.
Products of the modern performance of different high quality materials at the external border. Technical plastics are not affected by ultraviolet rays and light
Mechanics cross current circuit 10A is equipped with quick-contact groups. Mechanic devices 16A current has a screw connection terminals. For ease of connection terminals (phase and zero) are usually marked by different colors.
Terminals of switches for connection of conductors, made of solid or stranded technology broach. The cross-section of single-core conductors to 2.5 mm2, Stranded 4mm2 (For 16A switches).
Schematic diagram of the device
If we consider the circuitry of cross-switching devices, it is necessary to note the presence of different designs of devices in terms of the number of contact groups. Simple and commonly used devices (one-button) are two floating (movable) contacts 4 and stable (fixed) contact.
The circuit configuration of the switch with two keys. Manufacturers usually applied schematics switching directly on the back wall of the plastic base of the device. The user just have to do everything under the scheme
More complex cross execution electrical switches (two-trohklavishnye structure), there are already a number of communication groups 4-6 to 8-12 and moving the fixed contacts.
A distinctive feature of this type of devices is their "sensitive" installations. In other words, the design of circuit breakers with cross functionality not installed without a pair of conventional switches.
That is why when choosing a device intermediate steps, should pay attention to the number of working contacts. always at least four transfer switches for the number of working terminals.
Terminal block breaker, but not those from the group of devices that are designed for switching in the reverse shift mode. This exterior rear wall of the flow switch, wherein no more than three working contacts
Through the use of such devices it is possible to create a more flexible and convenient in terms of operation of lighting control circuits. Particularly relevant is seen the practice of cross-devices in the infrastructure industry.
Analysis device schematics contact groups
If you take a classic (one-button) the device structure that is produced, for example, by ABB, and deploy to the back of the user, will like the following picture.
The board base has 4 pairs of terminals, each of which is marked by corresponding symbols - in this case "arrows". Technical designation of such a manufacturer gives the user information about the device is properly connected.
Here is the layout of the terminal device with the function of the reverse lock. Differences from the construction illustrated above is obvious. These features are usually selected and the desired configuration of the device
Incoming "arrows" indicate the total (changeover) contact group. Outbound "arrows" are marked with a permanent contact group.
Schematically, the interaction of groups looks like the following figure:
Colored lines indicate conditionally how the contact groups are arranged within the intermediate switching device. Each pair of terminals marked by the symbols of the workers, indicating the input and output groups
In general terminals (changeover) of contactor conductors coming from the first flow switchInvolved in the electrical circuit. Accordingly, from the second terminal (constant) of contactor conductors are located, which are connected to two switch-through room, as a precaution included within the circuit.
This is a classic variation with two walk-through and one reversing devices.
The circuit implementation of the device in the cross-connection between the two flow appliances action. Typically, such a decision is typical of the circuitry used in the areas of household purpose
A device designed to fulfill the role of the reversing switch, can actually be used in one of two modes of circuit switching:
- Direct switching - an analog of two walk-through devices.
- Cross-switching - The main purpose.
The configuration of the first embodiment, in fact, provided direct functional compound to communicate or rupture.
A second configuration method (using a jumper setting) sets the instrument into the scheme with the inversion switching operation.
reverse switching device supports configuration (bridges) under a regime of two possible functions. Thus, the cross-type circuit breaker acts as a kind of universal device
Thus, the intermediate switches look like functional not only as sources of artificial light switches, but as a universal action switches. This factor enhances the functionality of such devices makes them convenient for use in different installation options.
Mounting features and inclusion in the chain
Mounted switches the inversion steps using standard methods and techniques used in the construction or electrical equipment. Pre-planned convenient location of the device.
Then, in view of the selected assembly and the anchor point to a common electrical circuit wiring diagram is drawn for the intermediate switch and operating with it in a pair of through-switches.
The project development process is determined by the method of wiring - surface or internal.
EXAMPLE passage installation switch according to an embodiment of the mounting internal wiring. Similarly, cross-mounted unit, with the only difference being that it is supplied to the four core cable
With the installation infrastructure is prepared in view of the selected method (Stroebe, Wells fixing plugs, junction boxes).
On the final line infrastructure pulling wiring bred wires in junction box, display scheme ends directly at the connection to the main and intermediate switching devices.
Option # 1 - the nuances of connecting the intermediate unit
Outputted from the junction box by a connection to the intermediate switch conductor ends (4 in total) must be prepared. In particular, removed insulation the section from the end along the wire length of about 10-12 mm.
In fact, many branded switches have a special marker on the chassis, in which it is easy to measure out the desired length of stripping the insulation value.
Chassis corporate device, where the design envisages manufacturing special measuring cutout. With this marker, the user always Strip wire strictly according to instructions
Now it is necessary to define two conductor emanating from the first flow switch mounted in the circuit. Usually all wires are labeled for easy recognition even at the stage of the wiring circuits.
These two wires are connected to two input terminals (in this case, spring-type) intermediate switching device. The remaining two are bred on the output terminals.
Marking "arrow" on the chassis of the body reduces the risk of incorrect connection of the device. It also specifies the nominal setting current and the permissible level of the operating voltage
Prepared in this way the chassis is required to put in place - installed inside construction Escutcheon (Internal installation) or mounted directly on a wall surface (outer surface mounting).
Securing the chassis switch direct screwing in the screws. Meanwhile, the internal installation of type often involves mounting lateral metal struts
When conditions inside the chassis usually fixed installation brackets, struts or direct screw fasteners. When the surface-mounted switches traditionally used direct fixing screws. Then put on the chassis frame and the switch lever is worn button-cover.
Option # 2 - schematics for several devices
Switches intermediate installation are an integral component of circuitry, wherein the control principle is implemented by more than three remote from one another points.
Theoretically such artificial light sources control points can be set. However, practically implemented variants for three or four, up to five positions. As with every new input device is complicated overall circuit layout.
Schematics communication lighting circuit, where two cross switch paired with two looping switches involved. This version of the control of four independent positions
For example, consider a four-way wiring, when two of the main components of anadromous and two reverse switching devices are used. In this scheme, live wire is supplied to the movable contact flow switch.
When current is fed into the network, it passes through the closed contact group transmission type device, and is fed to the movable contact of one of the two cross-switches.
Further, from the output terminal reverse current of the device should be the same on the second switch - on its a movable contact group, and an output terminal is supplied through a constant flow of the second contactor switch.
If the toggle switch that closes the circuit breaker, with its output current comes to the light unit. After the lamp filament overall circuit is closed to the zero bus. Lamps lamp burning. Now, if for the sake of the experiment (and in practice too) one by one to install any of the devices in the state of "off", the lamp bulb to repay in each of the four cases.
Schematics multiswitch with reverse acting units. Theoretically, this solution can be used an unlimited number of devices. Or the same number, only limited structural nuances premises
But if you turn off at the same time, all four, this kind of communication group simply switch to another line of switching and bulb lamp remain energized - will continue to burn.
Experiment with reversing devices demonstrates the functionality of the circuit cross the four-way switch. In any of the four positions available light control device.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Footage of lighting control practice by means of cross-switch.
How to install and diluted wire line from the entrance to the cross-switches and how to perform the connection of devices:
The advantages of using PV obvious, moreover, and in terms of convenience for the user in terms of energy savings. It is therefore considered by the electrical appliances are quickly gaining popularity in the home, and in the industrial and business sector.
Would you like to supplement the above material useful remarks, circuits or mounting recommendations? Perhaps you have noticed the discrepancy or inconsistency in this article? Please write your comments and tips in the comments section.