Contents
- №1.Types of boiler rooms by location
- №2.The main elements of the boiler room in a private house
- №3.Types of boilers for boiler room
- № 4.Boiler room in a private house: safety requirements
- Boiler rooms with gas boiler
- Boiler rooms with fuel boiler
- Boiler room with diesel boiler
- Boiler room with electric boiler
Those who can connect to the district heating system and are not aware of unnecessary problems are lucky. If the house is located in an area where there is no centralized heating, it will be necessary to get out. It will be necessary to equip an individual boiler house, and what it will be, where it will be located, and on what kind of fuel it will work depends on a lot of factors. Let's try to deal with all the nuances and understand how to properly equip the boiler room in a private house and what requirements are put forward to such premises. 
№1.Types of boiler rooms by location
Of course, there are safety requirements that must be observed when arranging such a room as a boiler room, but still they give us the right to choose in terms of the type of fuel, the size and location of the furnace.
By type of accommodation in a private house boiler room is :
- built into the house .In this case, all the equipment is located in one of the rooms of the house( usually, this is a kitchen or a corridor).In terms of simplicity and cheapness of the arrangement, this is the best option, but it is suitable only if you plan to use a low-power compact boiler. The gas boiler with an inflatable burner in this case is not recommended because of the high noise level, and the equipment working on diesel can cause a lot of inconvenience due to the sharp unpleasant smell;
- in an annex or a separate room of the house .All boiler equipment is located in a separate room, which is connected to the house by one or several walls. The door to such a boiler room is covered with non-combustible materials. This is the best option in terms of convenience and security. If the boiler room will coexist with the living quarters, then it is desirable to produce additional noise insulation: in the SNIPs nothing is said about this, but it will be much more comfortable;
- is a separate building .All equipment can be completely removed in an independent small building, equipped in accordance with all rules and regulations. It will connect to the house through heating. In this case, your hands are untied: you can use any type of equipment and not worry about noise or odors. Often, such boiler houses are equipped when a high power gas boiler is used. Minus - the cost of building a separate building and laying communications;
- modular boiler .All equipment in this case is located in a container that can be relatively easily moved from place to place. It is used as a backup or temporary form of heating in enterprises and industrial facilities, but can also be used in a private house.
Ideally, the layout of the boiler room should be thought through to at the design stage of the house. If the house has already been built, the number of possible location options is reduced, and because of this, you may be faced with the fact that the choice of heating equipment will be significantly limited. In any case, starting to arrange the boiler room, it is better to seek the help of professionals. In Moscow, the region and the neighboring regions, Mig-Plus has been engaged in the installation of boiler houses: since 1997, the company's specialists have commissioned more than two hundred household and industrial facilities. Specialists accompany every object from design to commissioning. Examples of work and other details can be found on the page http: //migplus.ru/ montazh-kotelnyh.html.
№2.The main elements of the boiler room in a private house
Well, if the house is small, and the problems of heating and hot water can be solved by one small double-circuit gas boiler. But in most cases this will not be enough - you need an entire complex of equipment, which may consist of a set of the following elements:
- boiler - the heart of the whole boiler room. He will be responsible for heating the water for the heating system. Heat can be obtained by burning different types of fuel: liquid, gaseous or solid. Special case - electric boilers. In some cases, installs two boilers at once to ensure complete energy independence for a private house;
- boiler .If a single-circuit boiler is used, then it will be necessary to use a boiler to heat water for the hot water system;
- expansion tank .Water from the heating system will get into this tank if the pressure in it increases. Thus, pipes and radiators are protected from breakthrough;
- battery heat .It is not always installed, despite the fact that it is a very useful item. In this tank, superheated coolant accumulates, “excess heat,” which is then fed to the heating system. In this way, resources are significantly saved and safety is increased. Especially important is the presence of this element for solid fuel boilers and if there are two boilers of different types;
- distribution manifold .Necessary for proper distribution of the coolant throughout the system, regulates the temperature;
- circulation pump. Only needed in systems where the coolant circulates forcibly;
- chimney .Required for removal of combustion products outside the house. The chimney is not needed only for an electric boiler;
- group of security and control - a set of instruments that monitor the temperature and pressure in the boiler and the system. It may also include sensors that monitor the air condition in the boiler room;
- automation receives commands from the user about the required temperature, collects data from the security group and allows you to correctly adjust the basic parameters of the system;
- shutoff valves is necessary in order to control the flow of coolant;
- pipes through which water from the boiler goes to the radiators;
- filter is necessary for cleaning water before it enters the boiler and boiler. If the water in the region is saturated with salts and contains mechanical impurities, then one cannot do without a filter - otherwise the equipment may soon refuse.
It is not necessary to use all these elements - their set depends on many factors. First of all, this is the area of the house and the type of fuel. 
№3.Types of boilers for the boiler room
It depends on what type of boiler will be used many nuances of the arrangement of the boiler room.
By type of fuel, boilers are :
- gas , run on natural or liquefied gas, are distinguished by high efficiency, ease of management. They can be transferred from one type of gas to another. The optimal choice for most private homes;
- solid fuel ( coal, firewood, peat, briquettes) in terms of operation more economical, but you will have to constantly monitor the system and toss fuel;
- on liquid fuel ( diesel).Such boilers are usually placed where it is not possible to use natural gas or to transport liquefied gas. If, over time, a gas pipeline appears in the area, then such a boiler can be converted to work with gas;
- electric boilers are the safest, most comfortable and silent, but also the most expensive. It is not profitable to heat the whole house with them, but they are suitable as a backup heat source.
According to the installation method, boilers are:
- wall;
- floor.
Wall-mounted boilers in a compact package contain such necessary elements as automation, sensors, expansion tank, etc. In this design boilers with a capacity of up to 60 kW are produced. If the power of the boiler does not exceed 35 kW, it is allowed to install it in the kitchen or hallway. Wall models are often more sensitive to the condition of the water. Floor-standing models can be of any power, they are indispensable for heating large areas.
What power is needed boiler? It is better to entrust the calculation to specialists who know that many parameters need to be taken into account. In order to approximately understand what power the equipment will need, you can use the rule that for every 10 square meters of the house you will need 1 kW of boiler power. If it will be used in the hot water system, you need to add another 10% to the capacity. To prevent the boiler from working at the limit of its capabilities, another 20% is added to the resulting value.
№4.Boiler room in a private house: safety requirements
The fact that a boiler room is an object of heightened danger does not need to be explained. The question is different. How to equip the room so as to ensure maximum security, comfort and ease of access to equipment?
General requirements for a boiler room in a private house. :
- walls must be made of concrete or building bricks. The use of ceramic tiles or plaster is allowed - these are non-combustible materials;
- when installing the boiler on the floor, a concrete screed is required, the floor can also be covered with a sheet of metal;
- when installing a wall-mounted boiler, the wall should be tiled or covered with a sheet of metal;
- in the boiler room can not store explosive and flammable substances. This does not apply only to fuel that will be stored in a special way;The
- near the boiler should be left with enough space so that it can be easily accessed for operation, maintenance and repair. If a small room is set aside for the boiler room, then it will not be easy to place all the equipment - it is better to first make an layout for the boiler and other elements;
- door that leads from the boiler room to the house must be fireproof.
Ideally, even before the construction of a boiler house, it is better to draw up a project for the placement of equipment and take into account all the requirements put forward by such regulations as the SNiP for boiler installations II-35-67, Code of Practice for Designing Autonomous Heat Supply Systems SP-41-104-2000 and Instructionson the arrangement of heat generators MDS 41-2.2000.
Boilers with a gas boiler
Gas boilers, if improperly installed and operated, can cause a fire or even an explosion.
This is apart from the fact that it is necessary to fulfill all general requirements. 
Boilers with a fuel boiler
In this case, the following requirements should be taken into account:
- distance from the boiler to the nearest walls and objects - from 10 cm;
- for each 1 kW of power, 8 cm2 of window opening must be provided;
- chimney along the entire length should have the same diameter and the smallest possible number of turns;
- can plaster the internal surface of the chimney, but this is optional;
- in the chimney should be a special hole for its maintenance;
- for boilers that will work on coal or wood, the boiler room area must be at least 8 m2;
- , when using a coal-fired boiler, it is necessary to make wiring of a hidden type, since coal dust is characterized by increased explosion hazard;
- space in front of the boiler should be free so that you can throw up fuel and clean the ash pan;
- walls made of insufficiently fire-resistant materials are sheathed with 2.5 mm thick steel sheets.
Boiler room with diesel boiler
The list of requirements is as follows:
- in the boiler room, and better outside, it is necessary to place a thick-walled metal tank with a volume of at least 1.5 m3.From it the fuel will flow into the boiler tank. To the tank should be provided with free access;
- from the boiler burner to the opposite wall must be at least 1 m of space.
Boiler room with electric boiler
The electric boiler does not burn fuel, does not make noise, and does not smell. It is not necessary to allocate a separate room for it, and there are no special requirements for ventilation. The only thing that needs to be remembered is that the conductive terminals of the boiler must be grounded.
№5.Requirements for the chimney of an
boiler house. Combustion products of a gas, liquid and solid fuel boiler must be removed outside the boiler room by means of a chimney. When designing and arranging it, consider such nuances:
- chimney should be above the level of the roof .This is a prerequisite for normal thrust;
- as a material for the chimney, you can use bricks, single-wall and double-walled steel pipes, ceramic, asbestos-cement and vermiculite pipes. The most popular option is still steel, followed by a brick. Sometimes single-walled steel pipes are placed in a brick chimney;
- whatever the material, it is necessary to provide a hole for the audit and cleaning;
- if the chimney goes along the wall of the house, then it must be firmly fixed;
- recommended that the diameter of the hole of the boiler, designed to remove flue gases, was smaller than the diameter of the chimney.
№6.Requirements for ventilation of the boiler room
For an electric boiler, ventilation is not particularly needed, in other cases it will be necessary to carefully examine the existing requirements:
- ventilation of the boiler room can be combined with the general ventilation of the house;
- it is necessary to provide 3-fold air exchange in 1 hour, i.e.if the volume of the boiler house is 15 m3, then in an hour 45 m3 of air must be supplied to it. It is necessary to maintain the combustion process, part of it is necessary for exhaust;
- in order to organize natural draw ventilation in the wall opposite to the boiler, make a hole with a diameter of 13-15 cm with a boiler power up to 40 kW and 17 cm with a higher power. A special ventilation pipe with a flap and a net is placed in the hole;
- If the boiler room is a separate room, then the ventilation can be arranged thanks to the presence of louvered grilles in the lower part of the entrance door. At 1 kW of power boiler provides 8 cm2 of the area of the vent;
- with the use of general house ventilation, the size of the hole is calculated based on the proportion: per 1 kW of boiler power 30 cm2 of the hole;
- forced ventilation should work more efficiently, will not depend on various weather factors, but will consume electricity. To save a little, you can synchronize the operation of the boiler and ventilation so that the fan is turned on only when the boiler is running. When using gas and diesel boilers, the fan is placed in the housing to prevent ignition.
№7.Modular boiler rooms
If you don’t find a suitable room for a boiler room in the house, the extension seems to be unaesthetic, and it’s not possible to build a separate building, you can use special modular boilers. They are produced ready-made, have all the necessary elements, so the installation takes a minimum of time.
The modular boiler room is a metal container with a length of no more than 2.5 m. The walls in it are double, there is a special felt insulation between them. The power may be different, but usually such boiler rooms are used for heating rooms with a capacity of up to 1,300 m3( with a ceiling height of 2.7 m, this is about 480 m2).Depending on what type of boiler is used, diesel, coal, firewood, etc. are used as fuel.
From the modular boiler room to the house leads a three-layer metal pipe with insulation. Standard length - 6 m, but it can be increased. Installation of such equipment is simple. It just needs to be installed near the house( if necessary, then the boiler room can be transported to another place), connected to electricity and fill the heating system with water. As a rule, backup equipment is provided in such equipment. 
In conclusion,
Starting to design a boiler room, carefully review the entire legislative framework. If you plan to use powerful equipment, it is better to entrust the drafting of the project to specialists. If the equipment is not particularly powerful, then it is advisable to show the project that was compiled with his own hand to a professional. Consultation supervisory services will not be superfluous.
