In the absence of central heating, responsible for heating the housing assume boilers. To accommodate such equipment is necessary to prepare a separate room, observing the requirements and safety standards.
Agree, at first glance, the task looks daunting. However, it is not. Knowing the basics of the calculations, rules and principles of design, you get your own space plan. Typical scheme of the boiler room of a private house tailored to the specific type of boiler and the list of additional equipment heating system.
We will help you to understand the issue, we describe the characteristics of various boilers, denote claims and their settlement rules. Thematic videos showcase examples of the organization premises for the installation of boilers and piping.
The content of the article:
- Types of boilers for the private sector
-
Designing a home boiler
- Possible embodiments schemes
- Requirements for boiler room
- Equipment for arranging boiler
- What is "smart pot"
- Gas boiler for your home
-
Boiler room with solid fuel boiler
- What should be the premise
- Equipment for solid-fuel boiler
- Advantages of the boiler on liquid fuel
- Electric boiler for private boiler
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Types of boilers for the private sector
to boiler requirements are described in a SNP nomenclature designation II-35-76.
Depending on the place where there is a room with installed heating equipment, boilers can be attributed to one of the following types:
- built-in;
- stand-alone;
- Attached.
Dimensions space allocated for the boiler, is selected based on the type of fuel, type boiler design.
When the arrangement of the special boiler rooms difficult, there is another option - a mini-boiler.
It is placed in metal structures assembled on the basis of the container, which can be positioned in the yard. It will only have to connect the mini-boiler to communications.
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For the device autonomous heating of industrial buildings may be built-in device, separate (different roof) and attached premises under the boiler. Construction of high-rise buildings built in the boiler is prohibited
The independent organization of heating private houses, and allowed the construction of roof and attached types of boilers
How Attached and roof boiler should not be placed by the entrances and walls with window openings
In addition to the room itself and the location of the boiler room equipment it is necessary to create a system chimney draft. It is being developed on an individual basis on the basis of specific wind data
Choosing the boiler by accommodation type
Free-standing boiler
Place private boiler location
exhaust flue system
Not a very big popularity of these modules is due to their relatively high cost. If there is a prospect take place in the boiler room in the basement, you can purchase the equipment separately. Then the heating system will be much cheaper.
Mini-boiler room in the yard next to the mansion eliminates the design works, erection and construction of a separate room, the ventilation device. The container already has all that is needed for the effective operation of the heating system
Designing a home boiler
Heating the house takes up a large portion of the family budget. Therefore, at the design stage of the system should try to optimize its maximum by performing accurate calculation of the boiler circuit to suburban housing.
Require rendering options for the location of all equipment, including the boiler, expansion tank, Radiators, as well as keeping the features layout and circulation.
When designing the boiler, it is necessary to proceed from the requirements of regulations. In the room where the boiler is installed is often mounted extra heating, because the heat generated by the unit is not enough (+)
all elements and their connecting lines must be correctly reflected in the circuit diagram drawn boiler.
Standard drawing include: boilers, pumps - make-up, network, circulation, recycling, bins - and condensing accumulator, heat exchangers, fans, fuel feeding and burning device, control panels, heat shields, deaerator water.
Possible embodiments schemes
In drawing up the standard boiler circuit can be taken as a basis for one of the two heat network options:
- open
- closed.
Mounting open circuit less costly, but more expensive in operation. The second option is more difficult in the initial stage, but the coolant leakage is reduced virtually to zero because the system is airtight. Such a scheme is used in the majority of private homes.
Part closed system enters boiler provides hot coolant as a heating system and the water heating circuit, the closed pipeline hot water.
Circulation of the coolant is forcibly performed by a pump. This allows the installation of pipes, without worrying about the slopes, to lay them as more convenient.
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Open heating circuit satisfied with the natural movement of the coolant. To stimulate its movement to gears boilers often placed in the basement
Expansion tanks open heating circuits have the highest point of the system. Most often placed on non-residential attic, which should be warm
In an apparatus of a closed system position relative to the boiler space heating appliances not fundamentally, because the coolant pump driven by the motion of
When closed, the heating circuit is used ekspanzomat - Closed expansion tank falls primarily to the heat source
Location of equipment in the basement
Open the expansion tank
Organization of the boiler in a closed system
Expansion tank closed heating circuit
Requirements for boiler room
There are 2 kinds of demands made to the boiler room in a private home - both general and specific depending on the type of fuel used.
By the requirements of the first type are:
- In one room may be installed up to 2 boilers, whatever its area.
- During the construction and finishing of boiler unacceptable use of materials that do not comply with fire safety requirements. For the erection of walls should be used bricks or concrete blocks as well as finish - plaster or tile. The floor should be the concrete or metal coating.
- Ventilation and chimney must comply with installed equipment. Special requirements apply to the ventilation in the case of the use of equipment operating on gas. In any case, the indoor air to circulate and must be updated at least 3 times for 60 min.
- Mandatory requirement - the presence of the windows and doors open outwards. There may be a second door leading to the utility room, but it needs to perform in accordance with the fire safety conditions.
The area of the boiler room should be calculated on the basis of the characteristics of equipment which will be installed, and with the additional square meters for easy maintenance.
There are a number of additional requirements for premises and equipment boilers, depending on the decision regarding the type of fuel.
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The main system unit, the boiler and equipment intended for working and controls the heating circuits It must be placed in the boiler room so that was accessible to both the boiler and other components for service
Confined spaces should be provided with ventilation holes. If air is supplied from outside the home, the cross section of ventilation holes are calculated as a product of 600 mm² per kW boiler
Building construction in the boiler must be trimmed inflammable materials. The buildings constructed of wood wall plaster, protect asbestos and tin
By installing floor solid, liquid fuel and gas boilers base should be strengthened. Ideally, you want to build your own, separate from the main foundation
In one boiler is not allowed to set more than two heat sources, whether they are wall or floor type
When using liquid or solid fuel type must advance to consider and provide a place for storing firewood / peat / coal or tanks for diesel oil, as well as machines entrance path for replenishing stock
The room under the boiler must be provided with an opening for connection to the outside of the chimney flue and arranged in the wall of the channel
When designing the boiler connection, consider the most rational variant of the water drain out of the system by the end of the season, or in case of a long absence of owners
Rules of the boiler in the boiler room location
Ensuring ventyalyatsionnyh holes
Specificity finishing surfaces in boiler
The base for the installation of heat generator
A maximum of two units in the boiler room
Fuel storage circuit Design
Design of smoke exhaust system
Ability to drain water from the circuit
Equipment for arranging boiler
Regardless of the type of fuel flowsheet any boiler comprises approximately the same binding elements. Foremost in the boiler takes boiler. Here, the coolant is heated and then supplied via conduits to the radiators.
If the house has a large area, it is necessary the collector. Element distributes coolant between a radiator associated in separate groups. The collector is set gidrostrelka, is a hollow tube with withdrawing therefrom spigots.
On each circuit mounted circulators. Included in the collector and safety unit comprising a number of sensors, manometers, thermometers.
Heating System with hydraulic distributor. If the scheme gidrostrelki coolant temperature at startup increases quickly equipment. It stabilizes the pressure, temperature, protects against water hammer
Expansion tank as an integral element of the circuit. Can not do in a private home without water heater, providing its residents with hot water. Modern boiler necessarily supplying automation controlling all system parameters.
In any circuit has a pipe for supplying coolant shutoff valves, allows to perform adjustment and setting of the heating system.
The heating system is bound to have two interrelated systems:
- smoke - flue gas outlet;
- ventilation - provides high-quality combustion due to the inflow of air.
Both systems are no less important than the boiler equipment.
What is "smart pot"
To implement the scheme of automation of private boiler, it is necessary to invest additional funds. Quite inexpensive cost simple thermostatic valve and programmable system many times more expensive.
Continuous operation of the conventional boiler in one mode entails high consumption of electric energy and money. Therefore, the cost of purchasing automation unit quickly recovered in the operation.
Automation in a private boiler room is a guarantee of the functioning of the heating system with maximum efficiency, which allows for live-in comfort
Automatic setting, the landlord can adjust the heating process in accordance with their needs. With this bill for the consumed energy will be reduced by 2 times.
Boiler control in automatic mode enables:
- disconnect the boiler in case of an abnormal situation. Implement automatic start or stop the boiler in the operating mode. Depending on the external temperature set heating temperature.
- Control the heating branches or Hot Water boiler 1 having a combustion chamber.
- Adjust the water temperature or other coolant.
- To make adjustments in the operation of the pumps circulation or recirculation, if the heating in the building heating system is arranged in a closed circuit. In this case, no automatic system will not function.
An important element of the thermostat is a heating system. Its function is to regulate the temperature in a separate room, and the house completely.
There are many types of thermostats - from simple mechanical to weather-dependent. Last - the most technologically advanced, profitable, but also very expensive.
heating control system includes a temperature controller (1), the outdoor air temperature sensor (2), the actuating element (3), a temperature sensor heater (4) for connection to a display system located externally control (5), a circulation pump (6), the supply of coolant (7), the consumer circuits (8) (+)
Automated Price depends on the type of boiler, on the availability of floor heating, solar collectors and etc. In order not to spend the extra money, you should analyze the characteristics of all schemes calculate cost. Do it yourself is difficult, but it is always possible to address this problem to the experts.
Gas boiler for your home
Gas - Explosive substance, so the requirements for the gas boilers are very strict., The need for a separate room for the boiler if there is to heat your home enough boiler up to 30 kW.
The boiler can be placed in a well ventilated kitchen wall of non-flammable materials, provided that the amount of space - a minimum of 15 m ᶾ, height from floor to ceiling of 2.5 m, a floor space - 6 m².
If the room is the kitchen there are no walls of noncombustible materials, the boiler is mounted on plastered and isolated special screen surface
All requirements for the gas boiler is intended to prevent the consequences of possible gas leaks. For this purpose, the window area of the room where gas appliances installed, starting from 0.5 m² and door width of 0.8 m.
The flue boiler has a rise above the ridge of the roof at least 500 cm and have a supplemental channel for cleaning. On the chimney and ventilation systems should be installed condensate collectors.
When gas is supplied to the boiler, there is an electronic switch or pezorozzhigom. There is a spark ignited and from the igniter and from it and the main burner, the heating heat transfer fluid to a predetermined temperature. Further, automation will switch off
If the power gas-fired boiler more than 30 kW, it is necessary to separate building for it.
to detached boiler room requirements set out in the Building Code:
- basement boiler room of the building must be separate from the foundation of the house;
- solution in the concrete used in the construction of buildings, should present a certain percentage of sand;
- a boiler suit separate foundation, raising himself on his final finishing floor to 0.2 m;
- a boiler is required flat substrate of slate or tile projecting beyond 0.1 m around the perimeter;
- for lowering the heating medium in case of emergency, be sure to equip boiler sewage;
- in a radius of 0.7 m around the boiler space must be free;
- interior should have fire resistance coefficient of 0.75 hours.
There are special regulations and to the boiler, as it refers not to the household and to the category of complex engineering equipment. Gas boilers, like all the others employed in the domestic sector must have a certificate proving that they have passed the examination for safety.
Controlling service never give permission for commissioning of the boiler room with a gas boiler, if the room is gas detector.
Boiler room with solid fuel boiler
According to the requirements of building regulations, solid fuel boilers Set up only in non-residential premises. If the capacity of the unit is large, it needs to build a free-standing boiler.
What should be the premise
To be placed under the solid fuel boiler is put forward a number of requirements:
- the distance between the furnace door and the wall - from 1.2 to 1.5 m;
- away from the side walls of the boiler to the wallMade of a noncombustible material or a protected special screen - not less than 1 m;
- the gap between the rear wall of the boiler and the surface of the combustible material with a protective screen - at least 0.5 m for connecting the boiler with the rear;
- a ban on the superstructure above the boiler room;
- Effective ventilation is, Located at the bottom of a gap between the door and the floor or the wall holes.
If the wall is made of a material that meets the fire safety requirements, it is permissible tube, located behind the boiler, fastened thereto by means of brackets.
To operate the TT with parameters 1h0,8 m at the base with at least a minimum of comfort, it is necessary install it in a room 2,8h2,5 m. With an increase in the size of the unit is increased and the area boiler.
Plan the installation of solid fuel boiler is necessary at the stage of building a house in advance to take place in the chimney
If the boiler has the form of an extension, the proper location for it - a blank wall. Distance to windows and doors in both the vertical and horizontal directions, should be at least 1 m. If you find the boiler room in the basement, ground and first floor need to install the door opening out.
Equipment for solid-fuel boiler
Functional and correctly composed boiler circuit with solid fuel boiler should include a number of elements:
- Heat generatorEquipped with respective hoppers chambers for fuel, etc.
- TT boiler pipingConsisting of a circulating pump, 3-way valve, security groups.
- Chimney.
- Water Heater storage to supply hot water at home.
- automation - Weather-compensated, or in-house.
- Fire extinguishing system.
As fuel used for CT coal, peat, wood. The diameter of the flue in the boiler room to the CT unit must be equal to the cross section of the boiler tube. The room needed ventilation, designed so that for every 8 cm² of its area accounted for 1 kW boiler output. If the boiler is installed in the basement, this parameter is multiplied by 3.
Around the base of the boiler must be run steel sheet. It is necessary to project on each side of 1 m. A layer of plaster on the wall thickness should be not less than 3 cm.
In the chimney having the entire length of the same cross section, provide openings for collection and removal of soot. Mandatory attribute are means for extinguishing a fire.
Qualitative solid fuel boiler is able to convert thermal energy of any kind of solid fuel. This allows you to save money
At 1 kW solid fuel boiler should account for about 0,08m² glass area. The maximum allowable area of the boiler room - 8m². If you plan to load the coal furnace, the electrical wiring must be protected from coal dust, as it may explode at a certain concentration.
Advantages of the boiler on liquid fuel
establish oil boiler much easier than gas or wood counterpart. You can place it in the house and in the yard.
The main advantage - no need for negotiating and obtaining permits. All that is required from the owner of the house is to provide free access of the machine with the fuel and regularly refill the boiler.
If next to a country house does not pass gas pipeline, can be installed in the boiler units running on diesel fuel. Turbofan boiler and the house will warm, and provide residents with warm water
To obtain 10 KW power consumed about 1 liter of diesel fuel, but the exact coverage depends on the fuel quality. In the middle zone with an area of 200 m² house on a cold season will take about 5 thousand. l fuel. The chimney should be periodically cleaned.
To install a diesel boiler in the middle must be 4 meters. If ventilation is ensured by the air flow proceeds from other rooms at home, at 1 kW boiler output should account for at least 30 smᶾ air. When the outside air, this figure drops to 8 smᶾ.
Electric boiler for private boiler
Of all the models used in a private home is the safest electric boiler. Under it is not necessary to equip a separate boiler room. When heated, the coolant does not stand out any combustion, so the ventilation is not necessary for him.
Installation of the boiler is simple, they do not create noise during operation, easy to care for them. Electric boilers have high efficiency, reaching in some cases 99%. A disadvantage is the high requirements to the network capacity as well as its dependence on the stable operation.
Put an electric boiler can be in any corner of the house, as long as it was convenient. It consumes a lot of electricity, and most often it is used as an additional heat source
Connecting electric boiler operate according to different schemes: connects with radiators, provide for the installation stage when the need to heat a large area.
Harness operate under two schemes - direct and mixing. In the first case, the temperature is controlled by means of the burner, and the second - using a mixer valve.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Information independent boiler in an accessible, even for a man far removed from the subject, the form of:
If you are on the stage of selection of the boiler equipment, you will be useful the information contained in this footage:
Videos with detailed circuit boiler with solid fuel boiler:
Recent development companies producing boilers, aimed at reducing energy consumption due to the low temperature programs.
A major role in the issue of saving automation that allows to choose the optimal modes, adjust the temperature so that the heating rate was reduced, without prejudice to the overall comfort. These nuances necessarily need to be taken into account in the boiler circuit for his home.
If you have experience in the arrangement of the boiler room of a private house, please share the information with our readers. Leave comments and ask questions on the topic in the form below.
