- Fatty blockages - make up 70-80% of all unpleasant cases. The greatest amount of fat blockages is supplied to the sewer system by washing and dishwashers, as well as a kitchen sink. This case is relevant both for residents of high-rise buildings and for owners of private cottages. Fat deposits gradually accumulate over many years before they lead to serious consequences. The accumulation period depends on the quality of the pipe material and on the correctness of their installation. Fat deposits are heterogeneous in thickness. Their inner diameter is softer and has a jelly-like consistency, while the outer one, which is directly adjacent to the inner wall of the pipe, is very hard. This is explained by the fact that it is gradually reinforced with various fibers that enter the drains. These can be small threads after washing clothes, hair, particles of undissolved powder and much more. In addition, these stable formations attract and absorb mineral salts from wastewater, which makes them even denser. If your sewer system, in addition to
, is not tight to or is designed in such a way that it has a draft that walks through pipes, the fat layer will dry out and thicken even more. The presence of drafts is not the main cause of solidification. This may occur due to the small amount of water passing. In other words, water saving does not lead to anything good , and the internal cavity of pipes becomes impassable faster. Sealed your system or not, it is very easy to understand. In the negative case, there will be a characteristic unpleasant smell. Fat blockages are the most persistent and most difficult to eliminate.
- Mechanical blockages account for only 10-20% of all cases. Under the mechanical blockages mean various objects, which in principle should not fall into the sewer. For example, in the process of home repairs, where does the water drain from the remains of various construction solutions? Of course, in the toilet. Personal care and personal care items. For example, cotton pads, adhesive plasters, ear sticks and even toilet paper are unwanted items for the sewer system. For all this, the apartment has a trash can. But what about the remnants of various solutions, because you will not take them out into the street, and pour them directly into the sewer, right? In this case, you need to thoroughly flush the system and make sure that the dirty water is gone without residue. In a word - pour more water on . Be sure to ensure that children do not throw small objects from toys or constructors, as well as rags and puzzles into the toilet. For some reason they love to do it. By the way, it is very detrimental to the condition of the pipes and contributes to the formation of blockages from natural coffee, onion peel and the skin of vegetables and fruits. This is especially true in the warm season, when they are in abundance.
- Mechanical damage to the sewer system can occur due to the ingress of foreign solid objects. In private homes, external sewer pipes can damage tree roots. They can wind the pipe and just crush it. In this place a chip is formed, and its edges, according to the laws of physics, will protrude inward. It will serve as a barrier to the passage of water and will stop various debris, which will lead to the rapid formation of traffic jams.
- Incorrect installation, performed by inexperienced specialists, will surely give itself to be felt after some time. The problem may arise if the pipes are located at an extremely acute angle or, on the contrary, have a minimum slope, or if an incorrect, too small section is chosen, or if the ends have not been cleaned at the junction or joint of the two pipes and they have burrs. Such small omissions must be carefully monitored. Sewage drainage may not work properly at all if there are no drain pipes and valves installed. Clogging will become very frequent if the turns of the pipes are made at a right angle, if the pipes are too bent in a small area and have many turns.
- Excess operational resource sewage. Even if the installation of pipes in your system is done correctly, but they have been around for many years, you still fall into the risk zone. Only their PVC pipes are practically not subject to formation and delay on the walls of fat deposits. If you are still using cast iron pipes, then you should know that their internal cavity is subject to the formation of corrosion, on the surface of which it will be happy to linger the accumulation of dirt and grease.
Contents
- Causes of sewage obstruction
- Sewage obstruction points
- Ways to clear the sewage clogging in
- apartment number 1.Washing the pipes with boiling water
- №2.Cleaning pipes with soda and vinegar
- № 3.Elimination of blockage special means
- №4.Mechanical method
- №5.Vantuz in the fight against clogging sewer
- №6.Hydrodynamic method: when other methods do not work
Everyone who does not use special devices in the form of shredders of household waste, from time to time faced with such a problem as sewer clogging. It can happen both in the apartment and in a private house. Many eliminate this problem with the help of specialists. But what to do if it happened, for example, on a holiday. Of course, there is a very low probability that the master will still respond to the call. That is why it is necessary to be able to cope with this situation independently. In this article, we will list several effective and proven methods, as to clean the clogged sewage system in an apartment and a private house without the help of professionals. 
Causes of sewage clogging
Usually sewage clogs at the most inopportune moment. More often it happens with residents of apartments with old communications. Especially when it comes to old cast iron pipes. This trouble is connected both with the structural features of the sewage system itself and with the human factor. The first harbinger of the future problem will be the slow discharge of water and, possibly, the appearance of an unpleasant smell from the drain hole. There are five main factors contributing to pipe clogging:
By understanding the causes of blockages, in the future you will be able to protect yourself from undesirable consequences and operate your sewage system correctly.
Sewage obstruction points
To effectively eliminate the clogging without the help of experts, it is necessary for to orient in problem areas. To do this, you need to understand the structure of the sewer system. Let us examine in more detail:
- If gets clogged kitchen sink or sink . Panic is not worth it, but it is worth the first thing to look under the sink. There you will see a siphon, which has a sump in the form of a bowl, from which the pipe goes directly to the riser. In most cases, it is the siphon that is clogged. Due to the peculiarities of its design, it performs several functions at once: it collects most of the garbage and heavy particles at the bottom of the bowl and prevents the penetration of an unpleasant smell from the sewage system into an apartment or house. Water that is constantly present in the sump, and locks these "flavors".You will understand that the system requires cleaning, when debris accumulates in it so much that there is simply no room for the water, and smells will start to leak. The first step is to unwind the siphon. Begin at the bottom. Be prepared for the stench to fall on you, and dirty dark water may flow. Sometimes the siphon is very tight. In order not to break the thread and not damage it, wrap it with a cloth and try again. Be sure to place a basin or bucket under the siphon to prevent dirt from getting on the floor. And do not forget to wear rubber gloves.
Remove debris from the sump. In the case of a kitchen sink, these will be large pieces of food, onion peel and other food particles. In the case of a sink in the bathroom - in 90% of cases it will be hair. They can be wound on the threaded part and can be difficult to remove. After complete removal of the accumulations in the sump, it must be rinsed well with hot running water and only then screwed into place. Unscrew the water and see if the water goes well. If the result is, but it is not sufficient, it is necessary to unscrew the siphon completely. Sometimes it happens that the hair is wound on a long screw that acts as a fastener. Unscrew it should be on top, and below the siphon to keep so that it does not scroll. 
- If is clogged up the bathroom drain. The main cause of this type of clogging is a large amount of hair that gets into the system during shampooing. You must perform the same steps as in the previous case. Check first you need to siphon.
- Less often, but it happens that clogs the toilet bowl. This can happen if improperly used or if a third-party object gets into the system. We have already said that with frequent and regular flush of mortar into the toilet, mortar blockage is inevitable. The same will happen if throwing plastic bags, personal care products and used baby diapers into the toilet. In case of water failure during flushing, it is necessary to unscrew the wide flexible corrugation, which is located behind the toilet bowl and connected to the riser. And with their own hands to get out a foreign object that interferes with the normal functioning of the system. Cement or plaster sediment should also be removed as far as possible. Again, do not forget to substitute a pelvis under the corrugation. Draining may not work if the corrugation has no slope and is installed almost perpendicular to the drain. Pay attention and at this point. You can solve this problem yourself only by raising the level of the toilet bowl and arranging an improvised podium. After all, the corrugation is inserted into the already finished hole in the riser, which is almost impossible to alter.
Ways to clear the clogging of the sewage system in the apartment
Before you begin to eliminate the blockage yourself, it is necessary to evaluate all the extent of the tragedy. Namely, to understand, local is a blockage or global. By the way, the latter can not be cleaned without the appropriate services. Making an check is very simple. Open all the taps in the apartment or private house at the same time and see if the water goes everywhere at the same speed. If, for example, everything is in order in the bathtub and in the washbasin, and the water in the kitchen sink is hardly absorbed or completely worth it, then you are lucky. This is a local blockage. If in all nodes there is a slow outflow of water, then the whole system is clogged. First, consider ways that can eliminate a small blockage, and then move on to a more radical method.
№1.Washing the pipes with boiling water
The first and most primitive method is flushing pipes with boiling water. This method is most often used in the kitchen, as boiling water is able to dissolve a certain amount of fat. It is necessary to pour 3-5 liters of boiling water into the sink and wait 10-15 minutes. There should be careful owners of sinks from polymeric materials. As is known, some of their species react poorly to exposure to high temperatures. Therefore, before resorting to this method, carefully read the recommendations for the use of the product. Boiling water can eliminate a small blockage caused by a small amount of fat. He just takes it with him and the problem will go away. 
№2.Cleaning the pipes with soda and vinegar
If you need a more aggressive method, try using the tools that are in every house for sure - with soda and table vinegar. Thanks to the neutralization reaction that occurs when the two components interact, it is possible to get rid of moderate blockages. But using an overly concentrated solution is not recommended, otherwise the inner walls of the pipes could be damaged. Cleaning should be done as follows - a glass of baking soda is poured into the drain hole. After that, a glass of vinegar is poured there. The reaction will take about 30 minutes. During this time, it is prohibited to open water and in general to use the plumbing fixture. When the reaction is complete, rinse the drain with hot running water. Do not feel sorry for the water. Soda sand should be completely washed from the pipe walls along with contaminants.
№3.Elimination of obstruction with special means of
. If none of the above methods worked, you can contact for chemical formulations. In any store you will be advised by a variety of household chemical solutions intended for this purpose. Please note that plastic sewers cannot be cleaned by any means you like. The label must be a special recommendation. The selected liquid must be used strictly according to the instructions and with the use of personal protective equipment. Users of polymer sinks should be attentive and not allow solution to reach the bottom of the sink. It is better to use a watering can to ensure accurate entry of household chemicals into the drain hole. Typically, the tool must be allowed to stand for some time to act on the blockage, and then rinse it with hot or cold water, depending on the recommendations in the instructions.
There are two types of liquids - alkaline and acidic. The first is more suitable for use in the kitchen, because the main element of the blockage is fat. Acid recommended for use in bathrooms. They are able to dissolve the remnants of soap and hair. You have to understand that strong blockages with a lot of fatty deposits cannot be completely eliminated. In the first paragraph, we wrote that the consistency of fat is different. Now imagine that a standard water pipe, which has a diameter in cross section of 50 mm, has fat deposits 10 mm thick around the perimeter. In turn, larger particles, which can form deaf plugs, can settle on them. The length of the pipes, on average, about 1 meter. Filling household chemicals, you can not get a guarantee that the liquid can seep through the remaining space freely and evenly distributed throughout the length. Often, fat dissolves in a small area and then only its soft layer. Therefore, soon clogging may occur again. To process the whole pipe with a solution, you will need a very large amount of it, which will be very expensive. 
№4.Mechanical method
When household chemicals are powerless, it is necessary to find a method of mechanical action on the blockage. To do this, use a special plumbing cable. With it, you can easily pierce the cork formed, or even get a foreign object, which, when released into the tube, blocked the lumen. A long cable helps to eliminate pipe blockages in a private house if it is concentrated in the outer part of the sewer system. The work is more efficient and more convenient to perform together. It is necessary to provide free access to the internal cavity of the blocked pipe. To do this, unscrew the lower part of the siphon and move it aside. The cable is a wire of a certain thickness at the end of which the handle is located. One person should hold the cable and slowly scroll the handle while the second one should push it through the pipe. Rotations recommended to perform in one direction.
The cable, moving along the pipe, will be bent under the action of torque, and remove the fat layer from the walls. Sometimes special tips in the form of a brush with hard fibers are put on the tip of the cable. With such a device your chances will increase. Handle cable can only with a soft layer. Sewage waters, of course, will immediately become easier to flow, but it is necessary to constantly maintain this state. 
№5.Vantuz
in the fight against sewage blockages Another simple device that our grandmothers still use is the Vantuz. Removing a blockage with its help will be effective provided that the stopper is close to the beginning of the drain hole. It is very easy to work as a plunger. It is necessary to position the plunger in the sink so that its bowl completely overlaps the drain. After that, you need to dial in the sink a little water. Now move the plunger handle up and down. You must perform 15-20 such reciprocating movements. The water collected will be an indication of how efficiently the cleaning took place. If after you have removed the bowl of the plunger from the hole, the water is quickly gone, then you have achieved the desired result. If water flows slowly, repeat the procedure. 
№6.Hydrodynamic method: when other methods do not work
Now let's consider one of the most effective ways to eliminate blockages, both in an apartment and in a private house, with the help of specialists. This method should be chosen if none of the above could help you. Special services that professionally provide such services use a machine that eliminates problems hydrodynamically. For pipes of small diameters, there are mobile installations. The hydrodynamic method involves dealing with blockages using water that is supplied under high pressure through various nozzle sizes. The work is performed in two stages in order to achieve complete purification of the internal cavity of the pipes:
- At the , the first stage of the uses a hose, at the end of which there are large nozzles. They are also called punching. The larger their size, the faster the speed of the hose in the pipe. At the first stage, it is necessary to break through the cork and pre-clean sediments.
- The field of this nozzle is changed into smaller ones. Fluid that is sprayed under greater pressure will have a stronger effect on the inner walls. On the second stage, the uses small nozzles with a nozzle in the form of a ruff. Cleaning is done very carefully.
This method is used not only to remove large amounts of fatty deposits, but also to remove frozen fluid from pipes. Only in this case it is called thermo-hydrodynamic and instead of cold water very hot water is used, which almost reaches the boiling point. Works at all stages are performed in the same way. In the case of PVC pipes, the use of high-temperature exposure is prohibited, because this material remains stable only up to a temperature of 110 ° C.In other cases there are no restrictions. 
Preventing sewage clogs
To prevent regular blockages in your home or apartment, you must adhere to preventive measures. Though not 100% complete, they will save you from unpleasant consequences:
- Do not save on water with obvious fanaticism. If the amount of liquid required for their natural cleansing does not reach the sewage pipes, wait for trouble. Especially, the sewage system needs hot water, which at the initial stage can still cope with a light fat deposit and prevent its accumulation. When pouring the remains of rich broth and other similar compounds into the sink or toilet bowl, be sure to wash it off several times or unscrew the tap with water for a few minutes.
- Carefully monitor the level of fluid in the sewer manholes. This rule primarily applies to owners of private houses. If you gape, you can remember this when the contents of the well begin to exit through the drain holes in the plumbing fixtures. This is especially dangerous if the system is not equipped with a check valve on the discharge pipe, and if this happens on the basement floor, where the height difference with the level of liquid in the well will be minimal, you will flood you, you know what. The law of communicating vessels in this case will work instantly.
- Do not use the toilet instead of the trash can. Many plumbers do not recommend throwing toilet paper into it. At the same time, many users wash off food remnants, sour jam with stones or cake from compote, cat litter, hair from a comb or wool from a pet brush, cotton pads and sticks, personal hygiene products, small household trash and other unexpected items..This is the right step to the early formation of blockage.
- Be sure to install special protective nets at the drain hole of the kitchen sink. They will prevent large amounts of food waste from entering the sewer system. After the mesh is clogged, be sure to throw its contents into the trash.
- If your financial situation allows you to purchase a household waste chopper, be sure to do so. The contents of the shredder after work, too, should be sent straight to the trash.
- It is necessary to install the grids on the bathroom drain hole. This will prevent hair from getting into the drain, which is the main cause of the formation of a plug.
- Be sure to perform periodic preventive cleaning with boiling water or vinegar with soda.
- Do not trust the work on distributing sewer pipes and arranging the system as a whole to questionable workers.
- Do not forget that all items, and sewer pipes are no exception, there is a certain resource. Exceeding it, you doom yourself not only to the risk of failure of the entire system, but also to the use of water containing rust particles. Replace sewer pipes in time.
- Regularly check whether the fluid level in the drain well does not exceed the permissible level.
Remember that blockages always appear unexpectedly and violate the comfort of the inhabitants of the house. It is much cheaper to buy a mesh for each drain hole than to use the expensive services of specialists.
