- Consumer Paint, many of us choose between wallpaper and painting - these two coatings remain the leaders for many years and are not going to give up their positions. What are the advantages of painting walls, which paint is better to choose and how to apply it correctly - you can find the answers to all these questions below.
Advantages and disadvantages of painting the wallsshades on your own;
- with proper surface preparation, the finished coating will remain intact for long time without cracking;
- with a painted surface just remove stains and stains, most can be thoroughly washed without fear of damage;
- paint certainly will not be interesting to pets, so there will be no scratches, like wallpaper, for example;
- if a stain or defect has formed, then it is easy to eliminate - just touch up, i.e.no need to replace the entire cover, everything is simple, easy to do and inexpensive;
- if there are complex elements in the room, such as arches, ledges, etc., then it will be much easier to paint the walls than, for example, to glue wallpaper;
- repaint the walls or slightly change the shade as quickly as possible if you want to re-stick the wallpaper.
The main disadvantages of painting walls should include:
- the need for careful preparation of the walls so that the result is really appropriate;
- at first glance to paint the walls - utter nonsense, but, in fact, the ideal surface is obtained only with appropriate surface preparation;
- many still believe that painting in one color is boring and definitely not suitable for the house, but you can argue with that, because everyone has different tastes, and nobody bothers to paint one wall in a different color;
- paints, though resistant to mechanical stress, may not withstand a more or less severe impact on the surface;
- almost all paints, except gloss, are able to absorb dust from the air.
Choosing the paint
General advantages and disadvantages are typical for all types of paints, but they are distinguished by several basic types, and each one has its own characteristics and characteristics. Paints are divided into groups according to the film-forming basis.
Alkyd Paints
Alkyd paints have good moisture resistance and resistance to UV rays. In this group, oil and enamel paints are distinguished. Oil paints are inexpensive, but dry for a very long time, while emitting an unpleasant toxic smell, and may even turn yellow with time, so it is better not to use them to paint the internal surfaces. In addition, it misses the air badly, so after some time there are cracks on the surface.
Enamel paints manifest themselves much better: they dry quickly, do not emit odor, are suitable for a huge type of surface, have anti-corrosion properties, are light- and waterproof.
Emulsion Paints
In water-based paints, coloring pigments are dissolved in water, and when it dries out, a flat, uniform coating remains on the wall. They are easy to use, environmentally friendly, odorless, they can be washed, after applying the paint it is easy to wash the tool and reuse. You can apply them on almost any surface, except that metal elements should be primed first, and it is better not to use water-emulsion paint over glossy and glue paints - but on the basis of it all other types of paints fit well.
Among the acrylic paints, the following types are distinguished:
- ; water-based paints breathe well, do not exfoliate, strike with a variety of colors, and there may also be variations giving a three-dimensional structure. However, they can not be used in rooms with high humidity, and from frequent washing, they can wear off a little. However, this is one of the most popular and used paints for interior work;
- water-dispersed also conduct air and steam well, but they can be washed many times, they do not exfoliate and show good results in operation. But they, as a rule, are presented only in white color, and their application at temperatures below +5 degrees is difficult;
- acrylic paints are very durable, elastic, have high mechanical resistance and high gas impermeability. The latter property makes it possible to paint reinforced concrete to protect it from corrosion, but acrylic paint is not suitable for fresh plaster, since carbon dioxide is released during solidification, and it is gas-tight. Such paint can be tinted, it does not fade in the sun over time, it can hide even small cracks, it has vapor-permeable and water-repellent properties. True, they are expensive because acrylic resins are used as the base;
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latex paints show excellent water resistance, so you can wash them as much as you want without loss of quality of the coating. It may fade slightly under the action of ultraviolet rays. The paint is excellent for all types of surface, dries quickly, but from the emulsion it is the most expensive; - polyvinyl acetate paints - a cheaper option, do not fade in the sun, are environmentally friendly, resistant to the effects of oils and fats, but are washed away under the action of water;
- silicone paints after drying form a paint layer, resistant to water, but perfectly permeable to steam and air, they can hide cracks up to 2 mm, and are applicable to any mineral surfaces, can be applied over some paints, but the price is not high enoughcontributes to their wide distribution.
Glue paints
Glue paints consist of organic polymers based on water, have properties similar to emulsion paints, but are more afraid of water, therefore they are used only in those rooms where its influence is limited. So, in wet and poorly ventilated areas, such paint can become the habitat of microbes and bacteria.
And depending on the specific substances used in the manufacture of paint, several types of it are distinguished:
- is dextricated - with an inert glue, not bad for interior work, but not in particularly wet areas;
- casein - the most resistant and aesthetic of the presented, suitable for use on such mineral bases as brick, concrete and plaster;
- glue paints have a huge selection of colors, environmentally friendly.
Silicate paints
These are mineral paints that contain liquid glass, and since the paint has an alkaline reaction, you must be extremely careful when applying it. Such a composition imposes restrictions on the application: glass, metal, stone and ceramic surfaces are afraid of such an environment, so this paint is not suitable for them. It can not be used over alkyd acrylic paints, because of its composition, the choice of colors is also limited. But all this is offset by pluses: the paint has excellent steam and air permeability, can wash, resistant to temperature changes.
Choosing a color
The color of painted surfaces is also important, since the entire area of the walls will continually affect people who are constantly in the room. So, let's start with of the classic rule: if a room goes north and there is little light in it, then it is better to use light shades, if the room is southern and light, then you can use cold tones and even bright colors, although they visually hidethe room. This implies another rule: if the room is small, then light and pastel colors that can even expand it visually are great for it - bright colors are suitable only for very spacious rooms or as an accent on one wall.
For bedroom and living room it is better to choose unobtrusive soothing colors: beige, light green, light brown, peach, etc. They are also suitable for the nursery, but there you can make the game part a little brighter than the rest of the room. The offices recommend the use of shades of yellow, as psychologists have proven that it has a positive effect on creative activity, and in kitchens, shades of red or lighter and more subtle colors, especially if the kitchen is small.
For , traditionally, small rooms of the , such as an entrance hall, a bathtub and a kitchen, it is better to select a dim paint: light shades of orange, apricot, yellow, beige, milky brown, etc. In any case, before buying the right amount of paint, you need to think carefully about the general concept of the interior: what color will the furniture, curtains, other decor elements, how will all this be combined, will it look organic, etc.
A good idea to diversify the interior is the choice of of two shades of paints , but this is quite a difficult question, since you need to correctly combine not only the colors of the colors, but also the right to choose them for the interior, which is difficult even for some designers. Issues of difficulties in painting, we still omit. So, you can choose the easiest way in this case: paint one wall in a shade that is exactly different from other walls, for example, beige walls and light blue one wall. This could be a wall with a TV, at the head of the bed, etc., depending on which room is being renovated. You can create whole compositions and drawings, patterns on one wall in several colors: if the wall itself is an accent in the interior, then you need to pick up paints that have a clear contrast between each other, if the task is just to make the wall interesting, you can combine colors that are close to you.
Please note that the paint in the store when illuminated looks a little different than in the room, so it makes sense to check and see if the shade suits you.
Paint the walls
Required tools
When preparing the surface you will need:
- films and newspapers to cover furniture and the floor;
- primer and rollers for it;
- plaster or drywall for leveling walls;
- starting and finishing putty;
- spatulas of various sizes;
- abrasive mesh for grinding;
- reinforcing mesh for reinforcement.
For painting:
- selected paint;
- Kohler if necessary;
- brush and roller;
- masking tape;
- plastic tray.
Preparatory work
The process of applying paint is not so complicated as the surface preparation. If a global repair is carried out in the room, then there should not be any extra items there, and if you only thought up to update the wall covering, you will need to evacuate all the furniture and appliances, or at least move them to the center and cover with film. In any case, the flooring is covered with film or old newspapers, lighting devices, switches, panels, etc., are removed, and all those places that do not need to be painted are pasted over with masking tape.
If the house is not just put into operation, and there are on the walls, there are traces of the old finish, then you need to get rid of them. Old wallpaper removed with a spatula, if necessary, they can be wetted and slowly cleaned the wall. You can try to remove the old paint with a spatula, but this process can give poor results, and you will need to use a building dryer or special solutions to facilitate the detachment of the old paint.
The set of follow-up works depends on how is in what state the wall is . If the surface is strong enough , has no cracks, irregularities, then you can simply sand the existing layer of plaster or concrete, removing a very thin top layer. Then the surface needs to be primed and treated with antiseptic materials, especially if there were traces of mold on it, which are also cleaned.
If the old plaster is clearly unsuitable for applying a new layer of paint, then it should be completely removed, even if there are some fragments where it holds up well. Next, we estimate the wall surface: if the drops are small and there are few cracks, then is applied with a new layer of plaster, if the walls are curved and it makes no sense to spend so much plaster, becausethis will also cost a pretty penny, then it would be better to to sheathe the walls with plasterboard - then we get a perfectly flat surface with a fairly small amount of time.
When the walls are already aligned, they need to be primed, and let the primer dry for at least 5-6 hours, or even more: it is better to give more time than to apply paint on a damp surface.
Unfortunately, the plastered surface, like the one that is covered with plasterboard, is not suitable for applying paint - it absorbs a lot of moisture, as a result of which all the roughness can be seen on the surface, and the color can be uneven. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a layer of starting putty: it should contain fine sand, which will make it possible to apply it in a layer of 3-4 mm without fear of cracking. For its application you will need a wide spatula, and a small spatula is useful for leveling and distributing the solution. The putty itself should be prepared according to the instructions, if it involves some kind of preparation, as there are putties that are immediately ready for use immediately after opening the container.
It is recommended to putty for painting using reinforcing mesh with a 2 mm cell. First, the wall section is puttied with a starting putty along the width of the grid, it is laid, pressed into the resulting layer, and then a layer of finishing putty is applied on top. At this stage, frequent errors are attempts to apply the starting putty with a perfectly smooth layer, smoothing out all the transitions when moving the trowel: yes, you need to smooth everything, but you do not need to overdo it - it is better to clean off the little bumps.
Before this grinding, let the putty dry well for 8-9 hours, and you can sand with a rough abrasive mesh, smoothing all performances. But even after such preparation, the walls are not quite suitable for painting, so it is the turn of the finishing putty.
The finishing putty gives the surface the necessary smoothness, as it has no inclusions and also resists paint absorption. It is applied in the same way as the starting one, but the thickness of the layer is already regulated at the level of 1-2 mm, otherwise there is a risk of cracking. Then the surface should also be treated with an abrasive mesh, only the grain size is already smaller - 60-80, work should be done carefully, not to remove the entire layer of plaster, but only protruding elements, and after the putty has dried. In some cases, to achieve optimal results, you will need to apply another layer of finishing putty. After grinding, remove all dust, for example, with a vacuum cleaner and ground the surface.
. The process of applying paint.
. If you have already bought a paint of the required shade, then it remains to open it, mix it, if necessary, add a little water or a special solvent for the chosen paint type, and start painting. If a crust has formed on the paint can, then it is better to take it off, and not to mix it with all the other material in order to avoid pieces of dried paint on the wall. Emulsion paint, for example, can be tinted both independently and in a store. Experts use special computer programs that allow you to accurately calculate the number of colors that need to be added, so that the wall color will turn out exactly as needed. But everything can be done independently.
Naturally, it is better to prepare the necessary volume of paint immediately, otherwise there may be slight differences in shade, but, as a last resort, you need to at least prepare the paint for one wall, and the differences in shade on different walls can be attributed to the lighting nuances, even ifthen it will notice.
In order to apply paint, use a brush and roller. Begin with the most difficult places: joints with other surfaces( the perimeter of the walls), the border with windows, doors, sockets, switches, etc. For these metals, it is better to use a brush, so that later with a roller not to soil and paint over those places that do not need painting. Paint a brush with a width of 10-15 cm with a brush. Then they start to work with a roller - a soft roller with a nap of medium length will work best. Before painting, it is necessary that it is completely all in paint, so dip it in the prepared plastic tray and roll it over cardboard or plywood so that the entire pile is in the paint, and then you can start applying to the walls.
It is better to start from the wall by the window, but, in principle, this is not necessary. The main thing is that when painting the wall, it is better to start from the top down, so that no drips form, remembering that it is better to apply several thin layers than one thick one. Two layers can be applied in mutually perpendicular directions, or each layer can be smeared in the vertical and horizontal direction, but this will require greater dexterity or the use of an assistant.
It is better to apply all subsequent layers after complete drying of the previous one - so the surface will be the most aesthetic. If desired, you can get a textured surface: this will require a thicker paint solution and a roller with a pattern, a certain unusual surface. You can even form a relief with a sponge, but this is not a fan, so if such a difficult process of leveling the walls was undertaken, then many prefer to emphasize all this with a perfectly even painting.
If you wish to combine several colors of , it is better to use the same water-based paint. First, on the wall you need to apply a pencil with the lines of the future drawing, and then paint the necessary elements with lighter paint along the prepared lines, trying not to enter them by more than 2 cm. After the paint dries on the line, glue the masking tape and paint the remaining surfaces, etc.with more than two colors. When the layers dry out, you can peel off the tape.
