How to make a septic tank to give their own hands: from improvised means to modern technology

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The content of the article is:

  • Typical scheme of a septic tank
    • Device of a septic tank from eurocubes
    • Video: a septic tank at the cottage with their own hands( diagrams)

  • tion of a cesspool, the increasingly suburban life lovers today are thinking about more advanced options.

    Septic tanks for giving where more perfect and more practical. That's just the purchase and installation of such equipment can be quite expensive. Therefore, it would be reasonable to consider how to make a septic tank with your own hands at the cottage. The device will quickly pay off, and for many years it will be possible to forget about cleaning the tanks, because the liquid part of the waste flowing here after cleaning is removed from the septic tank to the soil.

    If the septic tank scheme for giving implies the presence of two or three chambers, and it is assumed to intensify the cleaning with the help of special biological additives, then the maintenance of the septic tank will be as simple as possible. The similar septic tank for giving without pumping can be operated tens of years.

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    Requirements for septic tanks for giving

    All country septic tanks must meet certain requirements:

    • The design of the septic tank is calculated taking into account the principle of multi-stage cleaning in two or three chambers sequentially. The first septic tank for dacha serves to accumulate the separation of waste into fractions. Solid wastes sink to the bottom, and liquid and light fractions from above. This water enters the second chamber, where it is further purified from organic matter. In the filtering well water is treated and its subsequent release into the soil.
    • All cameras, except the one where the outflow of waste flows to the outside, are as tight as possible.

    Location of septic tanks for summer cottage on the site

    When planning how to make a septic tank with your own hands in the country, you need to calculate the location of the structure.

    • When placing a septic tank, the distance from the house according to the norms should not be less than five meters.
    • Roads and parking should be no closer than two meters.
    • But at the same time it’s wrong to carry a septic tank from home too far. It is easy to make mistakes in calculating the slope of the pipe system. As a rule, long pipelines are more often clogged. Therefore, every 15 meters, experts advise to set up audit wells.
    Read also: How to choose a pumping station to give?

    Depth of the installation of septic tank

    Septic tanks for giving instill in view of the groundwater level and the average depth of soil freezing.

    A positive temperature is required for the cleaning process to be stable in all weather conditions. If the construction of the dacha septic tank can not be buried below the level of freezing, which often occurs when high groundwater, then you can not do without a thorough warming with:

    • foam chips;
    • sheet polystyrene foam;
    • claydite and other modern materials suitable for this purpose.

    With proper design of a septic tank for giving the bottom of the last tank is located at the level of the sand layer, which has a high absorption capacity.

    The volume of the septic tank

    The volume of the accumulation and filtering chambers should be calculated based on the number of existing daily drains. And here it is impossible not to take into account the mode of use of the cottage, the number of people who live regularly, the specifics of the system of sanitary appliances and the existing household appliances.

    If the dacha is used all year round and is equipped no worse than urban housing, then on average, about 200 liters of water are used for each tenant, and the dacha septic tank can recycle these drains in three days. In this case, the volume of the septic tank is calculated by the formula:


    Capacity of tanks = Number of tenants * 200l * 3 days

    Material for septic

    Planning to build a septic tank with your own hands, different materials are used:

    • Reinforced concrete wells;
    • Concrete;Eurocup
    • ;
    • Brick;
    • Car tires and other auxiliary materials.

    Septic from concrete rings

    This option is one of the most common. Installation is carried out quickly enough, and the volume of the chambers is determined by taking into account the diameter of the used well rings.

    • Before installing the rings for the accumulation chambers, the bottom of the trenches is concreted, and where it is planned to build the filter well, a cushion is made of rubble.
    • Concrete structures are installed one on another. When building a septic tank with their own hands from the rings, the scheme should take into account the supply to the wells of all the necessary pipes, taking into account their slope and diameter.
    • Future chambers are carefully sealed inside and out with cement mortar, modern coating and waterproofing materials.
    • When the chambers are mounted, the pipeline is connected and heat and waterproofing is performed, the trenches fall asleep.
    Read also: Heated washbasin for summer house - create comfort with your own hands
    • When building such a septic tank, at the first stage, the bottom of future chambers will be concreted, pre-laying reinforcing mesh. To prevent the metal from undergoing corrosion inevitable under conditions of constant moisture, a layer of concrete above the mesh should not be thinner than three centimeters.
    • Then, erecting the formwork and strengthening it with reinforcement, concrete the walls of the chambers and make partitions between them.
    • Construction is completed by pouring overlap.

    Concrete construction requires thorough and sufficiently long drying. This stage may take up to two weeks, and in order to dry evenly, the solution is covered with a film.

    Cottage septic tanks from improvised

    If the cottage is used periodically and only in summer, then considering how to make a septic tank for giving with your own hands, you can make a fairly simple septic tank from scrap materials. It can be tires or plastic barrels. It is impossible to achieve tightness and long-term durability here, so you should not use the construction for cleaning and storing toilet waste. But for a country dacha such a septic tank fits perfectly.

    Installing a septic tank with high groundwater

    A high level of groundwater on the site is a serious obstacle to the construction of a country sewage system of any design. In such a situation, it becomes impossible to clean the waste that has passed through the chambers in the soil. And not all septic tanks can withstand their stay in such conditions. But there is a solution to the problem.

    The easiest way to use a sealed cumulative septic tank to give. High levels of ground moisture will not affect the flow and cleaning process. The only significant disadvantage of this septic tank is the need to regularly use the services of vacuum trucks.

    A more sophisticated and complex design allows you to create a cleaning system without pumping.

    Typical

    septic tank scheme This design provides for the presence of an airtight container made of high-strength plastic or concrete. Capacity is divided into several chambers, where supply of drains and removal of already purified moisture is carried out.

    1. In the first chamber, where household wastewater is fed, they are roughly cleaned and divided into fractions.
    2. Anaerobic decomposition of organic matter takes place in the second septic chamber to give, and the breakdown of fats and alcohols takes place here.
    3. In the last chamber, the decay products are either deposited or pass into a gaseous state. As a result of this process, two-thirds of the pollution is neutralized.
    4. At the last stage, the soil tertiary treatment of wastewater occurs.
    Read also: Smokehouse for fish: do it yourself

    When using a septic tank for giving without pumping, in high groundwater conditions, it is recommended to carry out the additional purification of moisture using filtration fields, but to build special filter cassettes on the soil surface.

    Rules for the selection of septic tanks for summer cottages with high groundwater:

    • The safest and most reliable will be a septic tank made of polymeric materials or, in extreme cases, of concrete;
    • The volume of the septic tank is calculated taking into account the speed of treatment of wastewater per day;
    • Preferred horizontal structures that do not require much penetration;
    • Possible type of septic tank: accumulative or with the possibility of forced pumping out of the already cleaned moisture.
    • The more in the septic tank to give chambers, the better the cleaning of sewage;

    If the groundwater comes close to the surface, then some materials in the manufacture of septic tanks for giving will have to be immediately abandoned, since they cannot provide adequate strength and degree of sealing:

    • a septic tank of tires;
    • septic brick when laying it with gaps;
    • concrete ring septic tank;
    • perforated septic tanks for drainage.

    Septic tank device made from eurocubes

    You can make a reliable septic tank for giving with your own hands from plastic containers - eurocubes. Under such chambers, a concrete base is necessarily made of sufficient thickness, to which the septic tank is securely fastened in order to prevent its displacement when the ground moves or the ground moisture rises. Plastic container must be insulated with foam plastic and placed in the pit. After that, it is filled with water and concreted on the sides. Warming of a septic tank for giving is carried out and from above. Ventilation pipes are brought to the surface.

    Since wastewater in such a septic tank is not completely purified, soil tertiary treatment is required using filtration fields or filter cartridges.

    In order for septic tank chambers to be cleaned as rarely as possible, and the cleaning process to be more intensive, you can use biological additives that promote the decomposition of solid waste and significantly reduce the percentage of sludge formed.

    Video: a septic tank in the country with their own hands( schemes)

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