Heating in wooden house: a comparative review of suitable systems

More recently, the heating in the wooden house was organized on the basis of a brick oven. That it was a primary source of heat and is almost the main place inside the building.

Today, things have changed. Due to the active development of technologies any host from the tree house can realize heating circuit, which will satisfy all their needs. The main thing - to know what to choose and what to pay attention to the nuances.

Variety of heating systems

First of all, the house can be heated by means of an autonomous structure with forced or gravity (natural) circulation of coolant. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages. In addition, there are situations when it is better to use some variety.

Advantages and disadvantages of natural circulation

Gravity transfer is entirely based on the laws of physics. More specifically, the heat medium is moving through the pipeline by the difference in weight between the chilled and heated water.

Hot liquid has a much greater volume, but a much lower weight. Accordingly, it rises up through the riser, moving further through pipes, which are laid under the bias, and pumped into the heating radiator where it is cooled.

The list of benefits of such solutions should include ease of installation. The system with the natural circulation is much longer and is stable. The absence of the pump eliminates the unnecessary noise and ensure the independence of the availability of electricity.

As for the disadvantages, then this kind of solution can only be used for heating a small area of ​​the house. In addition, the system requires the laying of large diameter pipes, which greatly increases the costs of organizing the house heating system.

Distinctive features of pumping systems

So that the water through the pipes to move faster cuts in the heating system circulation pump. With it, the carrier can be moved with little or no temperature loss. As a result, the wooden structure is warming much faster, which saves a considerable portion of the fuel.

The main advantage of forced circulation is that the heated area of ​​the house can be virtually unlimited. In this case the host is provided the opportunity to control the amount of heat and the pump speed. The disadvantage of this solution is the dependence of the system on the availability of electricity and the high noise equipment.

Types of thermal carriers

To transfer heat from the generator to heat the room is most commonly used water which has been heated to a temperature and circulates through the pipeline.

To date - this is the most affordable and simple solution. Right calculating the number of radiators and boiler powerYou can organize a high-performance system that does not require any special care.

In addition to water heating, in a private house made of wood used:

• air;
• firewood;
• electrical.

Also often used combined version. A well-designed scheme allows, without spending a lot of money to build a system that will be fully warm the house in a matter of hours.

Criteria for selection of the heat generator

In the market represented a huge choice - domestic and foreign manufacturers offer a wide variety of models. From this range the buyer of any income level can pick up something for yourself.

In order not to miscalculate the purchase of a boiler is necessary to check what type of fuel is most accessible in the region. It is also important to correctly calculate the capacity of the equipment.

Advantages of gas appliances

The vast majority of the owners of wooden houses is stopped on gas equipment.

Popularity wall and floor gas boilers It is because such fuel in many countries is one of the cheapest. Moreover, it can be used to arrange a fully autonomous and does not need to maintain the heating system.

The list of advantages of gas boilers should be supplemented with:

1. high efficiency. Even a low-power device produces more heat than its analogues running on other types of fuel.
2. ease of operation. No need to rack your brains, where it will be stored fuel. At the same time to use the facilities is easy - just set it up once.
3. durability. Qualitative gas unit will serve at least 15 years.

The main disadvantage is the need to obtain special permits to install it. All other cons fully offset by advantages.

The diesel component of the system

Equipment operating on a diesel engine, is gaining popularity in the past few years. Primarily, oil boilers cheap to maintain, and easy to install.

There is no need to organize a complex structure of the chimney - many models operate on light heating oil. The only thing that is required - is to organize the withdrawal pipe in the form of a sandwich. It has a special turbine buoyancy.

If it was decided to establish a diesel boiler, it must be understood that this method of heating is expensive. Indeed, the efficiency of this equipment varies from 75 to 85%, which is quite low.

Also, the unit that runs on diesel, in need of constant supervision. If it is left for at least a week, it will lead to problems. After all, the equipment may stop due to the low quality of fuel. As a result, the water will freeze in the tubes and sever them.

Solid fuel boiler

This kind of equipment uses the same popularity as gas. Great demand is caused by economical and environmentally friendly coal-fired boiler. After all, such a device - it is the cheapest to operate the device. Thus it burns renewable fuel and has a high energy efficiency.

The market offers an impressive selection solid fuel boilers. The savings in this matter is not always justified - decided to buy the cheapest model you need to be alert to the emergence of soot, smoke and come to terms with the need for frequent cleaning.

Electric heat generator

The equipment used in their work current - is the only solution for those regions where there is no centralized system of communication laid. In most cases it is used as an additional embodiment.

Today, manufacturers offer a wide range electric boilers. The market offers models ranging from 6 to 30 kW. Such a wide range of performance allows the device to order for wooden houses of any size.

Advantages of the equipment:

• small size;
• operational safety;
• full autonomy;
• low cost;
• Efficiency approaching 100%.

But keep in mind that electricity - is the most expensive energy source. Therefore, despite the low cost of the unit, operation of such a system is expensive.

Rules for calculating power

To determine the optimal performance of the boiler, it is not necessary to seek professional help. We need only determine the amount of heat loss. Knowing this value, it must be multiplied by the area of ​​the house and the resulting number is the desired output.

If the building does not insulated, the heating of one square meter will require 130 to 200 watts. For buildings with old windows and facade, which is coated with a material impermeable cold, the optimum value is 90-120 W / m².

As for the buildings with good insulation of attic and basement ceilings, plastic double-glazed windows, heat-insulated doorways, properly arranged air exchange, there will be enough 50- 80 for their heating W / m².

Subtleties radiators selection

Radiators - is one of the most important components of the system. After all, they distribute heat throughout the living space. Therefore, their choice should be taken responsibly, and not buy the first available product.

Batteries are divided into categories depending on the design and the material from which they are made. Since a wide range can drive inexperienced buyer to a standstill, before going to the store need to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each type.

Aesthetics of aluminum constructions

Such articles have appeared in Italy more than 35 years ago. Since its invention, aluminum radiators heating immediately became popular and won the recognition of professionals.

And this is no wonder, since these structures are light, high heat dissipation, as well as an attractive design. But they are poorly resistant to corrosion and are subject to airing.

Aluminum panels can be molded or obtained by extrusion. The first type is a monolithic structure, and the second - a preform formed by the press, from which subsequently cut finished products.

Cast structure are considered more reliable and durable. The other parameters of the analogue did not yield to them.

Panel steel radiators

Steel - this is an excellent conductor of heat. Therefore, a battery made from it are considered to be the most effective and are recommended to install all the specialists. In addition, they represent a monolithic structure that greatly simplifies installation.

Provided use steel radiators at home or at the cottage with autonomous heating system deficiencies they have. If you comply with all the recommendations, the service life can reach 30 years.

Good old cast iron

First cast iron radiators have been used more than a century ago. But even today they have not lost their relevance and are actively installed in the heating system.

The reason for this is undemanding to care and just a huge lifespan - cast faithfully serve about 50 years. However, he retains heat well. Products are heated for a long time, but after a trip they heat for a long time will heat the room.

With all its advantages iron instruments have only one insignificant negative - it's a lot of weight. Thus, the mass of one section can be up to 6 kg, and the weight of the entire battery of 36 kg.

Tubular steel radiators

Tubular batteries, usually referred to products of higher price segment. They fully comply with all quality standards and have a number of advantages over their peers.

First of all, such sharp pressure drop design is transferred with no problems, but in case of power failure the battery is not heat zavozdushivatsya.

Tubular radiators also have a smooth surface both outside and inside. Due to this they differ attractive appearance, thereby harmoniously fit into any decor.

Modern design bimetallic

This sort of the battery are made of aluminum alloy and steel. These metals possess characteristics quite different, and is a material with excellent performance characteristics as a result of their connection.

More specifically, these radiators show a high thermal conductivity, and the ability to easily withstand hammering. Provided qualitative assembly bimetallic products are about 50 years old. But they are quite expensive.

Recessed Floor convectors

This heating device is a tube made of copper and aluminum, in which the heat medium moves. The main advantage floor convectors - it is an opportunity to incorporate them directly into the floor.

In this case, the design does not take up precious residential square footage, but it is well warms up the building. The only thing that comes out - a decorative grille or panel.

If properly carry out the installation, the drafts can be formed inside the room. In addition, you need to carefully monitor the cleanliness of the heating element - air currents are well tolerated in the dust.

heating conduit

The main objective is to transfer tube heat medium from the boiler to the radiators. There are many types of them - they are divided into categories depending on the material.

Pipelines are:

• polymer;
• steel;
• copper.

The latter variant is distinguished resistance to high temperature and high pressure. Currently, pipes made of copper are the most reliable and secure. Because of this they can be hidden in the wall. But they are quite expensive.

Now the heating pipes often are harvested from reinforced plastic or polypropylene products. They are characterized by ease of installation and corrosion resistance. The elements are joined together by soldering. Their drawback - it is low hydraulic resistance.

Preparation heating circuit

Since as the heat carrier is preferably used water, the circuit viewed description will be based on that factor. The essence of this type of heating system of a wooden house is in the fact that the liquid is heated in the boiler and through the pipe enters the radiator where it is cooled. Then the water returns to the heat source.

Installation of pipe system

Selecting the scheme largely depends on a system with gravitational or forced pumping coolant. Moreover, when drafting must take into account the number of circuits.

The advantage of creating a single heating circuit is the ease of installation. If we stick to the scheme, it is possible to quickly cope with the job and do not involve the wizard.

Single-pipe system saves sanitary fittings. A possible to equalize the temperature throughout the circuit sections necessary to increase the number of radiators, which are connected at the end. It is recommended to install a pump to accelerate the flow of water.

The subtleties of the organization two-pipe heating

The dual circuit allows to maintain all the radiators at the same temperature, which favorably affect the heating efficiency. The disadvantage of this solution is the high consumption of materials.

In implementing the twin-tube design each radiator must be provided with shut-off valves. Such elements enable to adjust the temperature in each room.

If the boiler will be installed in the basement, the best choice is a system with the lower wiring (scheme shown below). This solution is ideal for wooden houses, where the heat source is used as a gas boiler.

Conclusions and useful videos on the topic

Video # 1. Organization of a simple inexpensive boiler:

Video # 2. Heating wooden house of 120 m area²:

Video # 3. The nuances of laying the pipeline:

Heating system - is the heart of any home. Therefore, before the owner of the construction task competently designed and properly install such an important element. If you put a little effort and take into account all the tips above, the heating system installation will not cause any difficulties when connecting and operating problems.

Tell us about how the heating circuit is constructed in its own wooden dacha or in the house of residence. Share useful information that can be useful to site visitors. Please write comments, publish photos, ask questions in the box located below.