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If a suburban site is a miniature, a columnar pear will become a decorative and ricite pear with rypit pears, which will become a good decoration for the dwarf pears. Selection trees of M. V. Kachalkin are dwarf trees resembling columnar apple trees. The familiar name stuck to the pear. Trees propagate by grafting on winter-hardy stocks - quince and irgu. But you can grow a tree from seed.
Description of dwarf pear
Compact low tree valued for good survival, quite simple care. A tree grown from a seedling begins to bear fruit in the second year. In the very first year, a pony pear will bestow a harvest of up to 3 kg of large fruits. All varieties of dwarfs are winter-hardy and unpretentious to the soil.
Some trees grow 2.5 meters, mostly columns grow up to 1.5 meters, but are covered with fruits. It seems that the pears stuck to the trunk. In fact, they are tied on small branches. The crown is not formed.
Advantages:
- unpretentiousness;
- yield;
- resistance to adverse conditions;
- compactness;
- high yield.
Tree requires regular pruning, abundant watering, feeding adult pear.
The tree will feel good on a cramped platform, so long as the north wind does not make it cringe. The best planting materials are ready seedlings of the columnar pear, purchased in the nursery.
The plant can be propagated by green cuttings. A seedling grown from seeds must be grafted, otherwise a wilderness will grow.
There are few varieties of dwarf pears, but they are diverse. Coloniform pears of various ripening periods are offered from early summer, with a short shelf life, to winter ones, which are gaining in taste. Fruits are used fresh and in all methods of preservation.
However, dwarfs do not live long. Fruiting can last 7-15 years. The duration of the commodity period is affected by the conditions of detention.
Conditions for planting and growing dwarf pears
Pear seedlings are planted in the spring, in a pit prepared from autumn. In this case, the land from the fall is fueled only with organic fertilizers. The pit has a depth of 50 cm, the distance between the trees is 1–1.5 m. A bucket of water is poured into the litter, which is compacted over the winter. On a soaked mound a pear is planted, straightening the roots. Dusted with sand, ¼ consisting of granular superphosphate. Until the tree takes root, we need frequent watering. The site of the graft is not buried in the ground.
Next to the roots, there should be a nourishing ground, and sand is only powder. Watering a young tree is needed systematically.
Such an uncomplicated planting of a columnar pear and caring for it makes the plant a favorite in many gardens in the Moscow region. If the flowers appear in the year of planting, they must be completely removed so that all forces are directed to the development of the root system. Next year leave a few fruits. In the third year, the column will give a full harvest.
Coloniform pear trimming is required annually. But the deeper the pruning, the more young shoots appear. Golden mean - side branches shortened to the second bud. He loves fruit tree nitrogen organic and mineral fertilizers. Suited slurry and fresh kuryak, but in the first half of summer.
Three times a day feeding with urea is a treat for the columnar pear. The first time sprayed on young leaves. Foliar nutrition is repeated two more times with an interval of 2 weeks.
If pears begin to shrink, it means that the tree is overloaded with harvest. The next season you need to make regulation, so as not to deplete the tree.
Column-shaped pear preparation for wintering is necessary, despite the declared winter hardiness of almost all varieties. The most stable fruit buds preserve from freezing at -25 C. But in the Moscow region the temperature is lower, and young trees are less winter-hardy.
Protection is created from dry scrap materials:
- lapnik;
- straw;
- sawdust;
- nonwoven geotextile.
Protection from mice and hares will become a spiny spruce bound to the base. The best insulation will be a snowdrift.
The best varieties of pears in the suburbs of
Look at the photo of a columnar pear - an unusual ornamental plant is used in hedges and design of country estates. If we take into account that ruddy bulk pears delight the eye from July to mid-September, it is difficult to abandon the compact garden. Competent selection of varieties will help create a pear conveyor.
Winter grades include those that ripen from November to January and are stored for most of the winter. These include varieties Dalikor, Sapphire G1, Favorite Yakovlev G3.
Pears that are harvested in August and early September are stored for about a month. They are sweet, expire juice. Examples of such varieties are: Autumn Dream, Tenderness, Decor. In August, you can eat columnar pear G322.The variety is self-fruited, unpretentious. Fruits of yellow color, sometimes, ruddy stick around the trunk completely. It is possible to store the removed crop week. The weight of a pear is about 200 grams. Grade G333 is already an autumn variety with outstanding taste.
Starting from the beginning of June, you can eat Kolonovidny pears of Carmen, variety G5, Honey. The fruits reach 300 g and are very tasty. Honey pear pear tree bred in 1964 by Soviet breeders. Fruits 290-540 g with juicy sweet pulp received a score of 4.92 points on a five-point scale. Winter hardiness is above average. Productivity to 110 kg from one tree. Honey pear resistant to major diseases, and the fruits persist until February. The variety is recommended for cultivation in the suburbs.
Whatever varieties of the columnar pear for the Moscow region are considered, their yield is much higher than the spreading large tree, taking into account the occupied area. But to care for compact trees, to protect them from frost is much easier. The fact that a dwarf pear enters fructification early smoothes the lack of a short tree life. You can quickly wait for the harvest from the young sapling, parting with the old tree.
The variety Carmen is ideal for industrial orchards. On one hectare fits up to two thousand plants. Dark red 300 gram fruits are bought up like hot cakes. And the pear of Decor has fruits of yellow color with aroma of a rose. The variety is very resistant to major diseases, it tolerates the climate of the Moscow region.
