When growing tomatoes in greenhouses and greenhouses, varieties resistant to high humidity and fungal infections should be selected. Such requirements correspond to the tomato variety Sugar Bison. We will talk about its description and characteristics below.
- Description of the naturePassion
Description and characteristics of tomato sugar bison
The variety is the result of worksdomestic gardeners. A variety of greenhouse culture was registered in 2004.Due to the interesting taste and marketability, tomato has become popular among owners of private households in a short period of time. Cultivation of vegetables can be carried out in almost all regions of the country, since the plant is positioned as a greenhouse. In the southern part of the country, enterprising gardeners have adapted to grow large tomatoes in open ground.
Sugar bison refers to the determinant type of plants with a growing season of 90-100 days. The height of the culture reaches 1.6-1.8 m, which provides a tying procedure. The peculiarity of the early ripe variety of tomatoes is a high yield, with an average of 8-12 kg being removed from 1 m2.
Tomato sugar bison on a bush close-up Brief fruit characteristics:
- form - heart-shaped;
- color - crimson-pink;
- weight - 250-350 g;
- appointment - for salads, making sauces, ketchups, winter preparations.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The general impression of a tomato Sugar bison can be folded, having familiarized with its advantages and disadvantages. Among the preferential characteristics:
- early ripening( after harvest, you can use a garden bed for planting other early ripening crops);
- consistently high yield;
- unsurpassed taste, in which there is a sweet and a little sour;
- universal use of fruits;
- strong immunity, which is manifested in resistance to various diseases.
Weakness is considered to be limited to the place of cultivation( under the shelter).There are no complaints about the commodity and taste qualities of the tomato.
Soil Requirements for Planting Tomatoes
For sowing seeds, it is recommended to use a ready-made universal substrate or a special one for tomatoes. Soil mixture can be prepared independently by connecting 3 parts of sod land, 1 part of peat, 1 part of humus( compost).Before filling the containers, the soil needs to be heated in the oven or poured on with a solution of low concentration potassium permanganate to disinfect the medium.
Still green tomato varieties sugar bison When growing tomatoes in the greenhouse, it is recommended to replace the top layer of soil every year( at least 30 cm). Favorable conditions are created under the shelter for the development of fungus and harmful bacteria. All microorganisms accumulate in the ground, which reduces the yield of the new season. Therefore, instead of the removed layer, a new one consisting of fertile land( it is possible to use a garden), peat, and humus is filled up. This procedure improves the physical properties of the soil, increases its fertility.
Tomato is a crop that responds well to fertilizers; therefore, in the spring, organic matter is introduced into the soil( humus, compost, solution of mullein or chicken manure, wood ash) and mineral substances( ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium phosphate).Before planting seedlings need to be disinfected. For this, the site is watered with a solution of potassium permanganate or copper sulphate. You can also treat the soil with boiling water.
Planting Rules
Seeds are planted 60-65 days before transferring seedlings to a greenhouse bed. They are buried in a moist soil 1.5 cm, sprinkling the surface with peat. The interval between the seed is 3-5 cm. The top of the container is closed with glass or plastic film. At a temperature of 22-25 ° shoots appear after 5-7 days.
As soon as the shoots appear above the ground surface, the box needs to be moved to a well-lit place with temperature control:
- during the day - 18-20 °;
- at night - 14-16 °.
Garden beds with tomatoes sugar bison Lowered degrees promote the proper development of seedlings. In a hot room, the sprouts will simply dry out, and with a lack of light, their stems will become thinner.
Seeding is often planned for the end of February - the beginning of March. During this period, daylight hours for normal growing season is not enough, so a fluorescent lamp should be installed above the seedling box.
Watering seedlings is moderate with a spray bottle. In this case, you should try not to fall on the greens with water. At the stage of forming 2-3 leaves, a pickling of seedlings is carried out. It is important to transfer the roots to a separate container with a land clod so as not to damage them. A week after the picks, make the first feed. The second time enrich the soil with nutrients a week before transplanting seedlings. This is necessary for quick adaptation in the new environment.
Transplanting Tomatoes into Open Ground
Seedlings are transferred to open ground after the soil warms to 16 ° and night temperatures do not fall below 10 ° C.In any case, up to 10 May numbers( in the middle lane) should not be done, the probability of night frosts is high. At first, the bed can be covered with a film for safety.
Tomatoes are planted according to the following scheme:
- interval in rows between saplings - 40-45 cm;
- The distance between the rows is 50-60 cm.
The depth of the hole is 25 cm. Before embedding the seedlings, peat and wood ash are poured into the pits( 1 cup each).
When planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, the same conditions are observed, but the timing of transfer of seedlings is determined differently by .Need to focus on the degree of heating of the soil. The indicator should not fall below 15 °, otherwise the root system will not develop normally, which will delay the time of harvest. Also it is necessary to avoid large temperature differences, which is typical for March - April, when the daily figure reaches 30 ° and above, and the nighttime drops to 12-14 °.
Tomato seedlings sugar bison Grade care after transplantation
Watering
Irrigation after planting is carried out in 3-5 days. For irrigation, warm settled water is used, preferably rainwater or melt water. Of the irrigation systems are more suitable: drip and underground. Due to the application of sprinkling, the air humidity increases, which can trigger the development of the fungus.
Weeding and loosening
Sugar bison reacts positively to loose soil, so after watering you need to fluff the top layer with a depth of 5-7 cm. After loosening, the soil will get warm, which has a good effect on the growth of the shoot. At the same time weed weeding is carried out, which is a source of infection with fungal infections, and also contributes to an increase in air humidity. After planting, seedlings should be loosened 1 time in 7-10 days.
Mulching
After the soil has been tipped up, the bed should be mulched. Layed mulch with a layer of at least 4-5 cm retains moisture inside the soil, which reduces the amount of watering. There is also a decrease in the intensity of weed growth. Dry straw, peat or artificial mulch are used as flooring.
Top dressing
During the growing season, a tomato needs 2-3 feedings. The first is carried out 2 weeks after transplanting seedlings to the garden, the second - before the start of flowering, the third - at the stage of mass formation of ovaries. Organic and mineral fertilizers are used as food.
Tomato sugar bison in the greenhouse Shrub formation, pasynkovanie
The bush is tall, and therefore needs to be formed. More often choose a method of 2 stalks. Masking and hilling increase yields. After reaching a seedling of a height of 30 cm, a garter is held on a trellis or other type of support.
Frequently made mistakes in the care of
Among the common mistakes made by gardeners in caring for tomatoes, the following are distinguished:
- dense planting of seedlings( the number of seedlings of Sugar Bison variety is 3-4 plants per 1 m2);
- abundant or frequent watering( provokes the development of fungus);
- transfer of seedlings to cold soil( development of escape is inhibited);
- overfeeding a tomato( the ovary and the leaves may turn yellow from excess nutrients).
Diseases and their prevention
Tomato is highly resistant to wet environments, which reduces the risk of developing a fungal infection. But even a strong plant can create problems for pests and diseases.
The main enemy of tomato is the whitefly greenhouse .Under the shelter, favorable conditions are created for the reproduction and feeding of the insect. Despite the meager dimensions, damage to the crop may be irreparable. If a parasite is found, it should be treated with Confidor.
Tomato sugar bison close-up and in section If a tomato is grown in open ground, thrips and solanum miners can also attack the garden bed. It is recommended to get rid of the fast-breeding pests with the help of Bison.
Of the existing diseases, the brown rot of the fruit poses a threat to the Sugar Bison. If a problem is detected, remove the affected tomatoes from the bush and dispose of them by burning to localize the hearth. It is also necessary to adjust fertilization( to reduce the amount of nitrogen), and irrigation regime( to reduce soil moisture).One of the reasons for the development of brown rot is insufficient lighting, so it is worth checking the light intensity in the greenhouse and the duration of the daylight hours. If the listed measures did not give a positive result, it is necessary to carry out the treatment with one of the following preparations: Home, Oxis, Barrier, Barrier, etc.
Agrotechnics at a glance is not considered difficult. However, to create optimal conditions for obtaining large, and most importantly healthy fruits of the Sugar Bison, those gardeners who have been engaged in growing vegetables in greenhouses for several years will be able to.
