Thermostats - small in size but very practical in everyday devices for heat control. Depending on the actual needs of temperature regulators for radiators increase or reduce the amount of coolant. Agree, it is beneficial for owners of well-being house / apartment, and for their wallets.
Wishing to get thermostats for radiators equipment we offer to get acquainted with a detailed description of the types of heat output adjustment. We have given and compared their control methods, the principle of action, cost, installation specifics. Our recommendations will help to choose the optimal kind.
Submitted to the consideration of information collected and analyzed for future buyers of heat regulators, we have added a photo-visual collections, schemas, normative tables, video.
The content of the article:
- The use of heating thermostats
- Types of thermostats and operating principles
- Gas-filled and liquid thermostats
- Tips before you start the installation of the thermostat
- Installation of automatic heating controls
- The method of setting the mechanical thermostat
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
The use of heating thermostats
It is known that the temperature in the various rooms of the house can not be identical. Also optionally, to constantly maintain a given temperature.
For example, in a bedroom at night is necessary to lower the temperature to 17-18aboutFROM. This has a positive effect on sleep, lets get rid of headaches.
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Thermostatic valve teromregulyator it is intended to change the volume of the coolant flowing through the device. Changes depending on the ambient temperature
All kinds of thermostats include two basic elements: thermostatic valve and thermostatic head - mechanism of action on the valve
In the most complex modifications thermostatic valve controls the remote sensor that sends commands to the thermal head according to the background temperature changes
Thermostat with a thermal head, equipped with a bellows mechanism that allows you to automate the delivery of coolant in the appliance
The simplest version of the thermostat is equipped with a thermal head for manual control. If necessary, a simple mechanical thermal head can be easily replaced by a bellows
All variations of temperature regulators are divided into devices for single and two-pipe heating circuits
Thermostats for twin circuits designed for large pressure differences. Divided into two groups: the setting of hydraulic resistance and without this feature
Install thermostats near heating devices makes it possible to specify the optimum temperature for each of the premises on his appointment
Purpose of the thermostatic valve
Required components of the thermostat
Thermostat with remote temperature sensor
Thermal head for automatic control
Thermostatic valve or valve - the main component
Adjustment device for single circuits
Thermostatic valve for two-pipe systems
Plus installation of thermostats for radiators
The optimum temperature is in the kitchen 19aboutFROM. This is due to the fact that the room is a lot of the heating equipment, which generates additional heat. If the bathroom is below the temperature of 24-26aboutSince then the room will be felt damp. Therefore, it is important to provide heat.
If the house is a children's room, its temperature range may vary. For a child's temperature 23-24 take up to a yearaboutWith, for older children will be sufficient 21-22aboutFROM. In other rooms the temperature can vary from 18 to 22aboutFROM.
Comfortable temperature background is selected depending on the destination premises and partly on the time of day
At night time it is possible to lower the air temperature in all rooms. Optionally, to maintain a high temperature in the housing if the home time will empty, as well as during warm sunny days, with some electrical work, generating heat et al.
In these cases, the thermostat setting is positively affects the microclimate - air will not overheat or get too dry.
The table shows that in the living room during the cold season temperature should be 18-23aboutFROM. On the landing, in the pantry allowed low temperatures - 12-19aboutFROM
Temperature controller solves the following problems:
- It allows you to create a certain temperature in the rooms for different purposes;
- Boiler resource saving, reduces the number of consumables for maintenance of the system (up to 50%);
- it is possible without turning off the entire riser to make an emergency disconnection of the battery.
It should be remembered that a thermostat is impossible to improve battery efficiency and increase its heat. Save on consumables will be people with individual heating system. Residents of apartment buildings with a thermostat can only adjust the temperature in the room.
Let us examine, what are the types of thermostatsAnd how to make the right choice of equipment.
Types of thermostats and operating principles
Thermostats are divided into three types:
- mechanical, Manually adjustable flow of coolant;
- electronicControlled by a remote temperature sensor;
- poluelektronnyeControlled by a thermal head with a bellows device.
The main advantage of mechanical devices - low cost, ease of use, clarity and coherence in the work. During their operation there is no need to use additional power sources.
The modification makes it possible to manually adjust the amount of coolantEntering the radiator, thereby controlling the heat transfer panels. The device has a high degree of adjustment accuracy of heating.
A significant drawback of the design is that there is no markup for adjustment, so to make the machine configuration will have only empirically. With one of the balancing methods we will explore below
Basic elements of the mechanical type regulator - thermostat and thermostatic valve
Mechanical thermostat consists of the following elements:
- regulator;
- drive;
- bellows filled with gas or liquid;
The substance contained in the bellows, plays a key role. Once the thermostat lever changing substance moves to slide, thereby adjusting the position of the rod. The rod under the action element partially overlaps the passageway by limiting ingress of coolant into the battery.
Electronic thermostats - more sophisticated design, which is based on a programmable microprocessor. It can be used to set a certain temperature in the room by pressing several buttons on the controller. Some models are multipurpose, suitable for controlling boiler, pump, mixer.
The structure, the principle of the electronic appliance does not differ from the mechanical analog. There thermostatic element (bellows) is cylindrical, its walls pleated. It is filled with a substance that reacts to temperature fluctuations in the housing.
By raising the temperature occurs during expansion of the substance, whereby the pressure on the wall is formed, which facilitates the movement of the rod, which automatically closes the valve. When driving the valve stem conductivity is increased or decreased. If the temperature decreases, the working fluid is compressed, the result is not extendible bellows and the valve is opened, and vice versa.
The bellows have a high strength, long working resource withstand hundreds of thousands of contractions for several decades.
The main element of the electronic control - sensor. Its function is to transfer information about the ambient temperature, whereby the system generates the required amount of heat
Electronic temperature controller is conventionally divided into:
- closed thermostats for heating radiators does not have the function of automatically determining the temperature, so they are adjusted manually. May adjust the temperature to be maintained in the room and the permissible temperature fluctuations.
- open Thermostats can be programmed. For example, the temperature is lowered by several degrees mode may change. It is also possible to set the response time of a particular mode, adjust the timer. Such devices are used advantageously in industry.
Electronic controllers are powered by batteries or a special battery that comes with charging. Poluelektronnye regulators are ideal for domestic use. They come with a digital display, which shows the room temperature.
The principle of operation poluelektronnyh devices for adjusting the radiator heat borrowed from mechanical models, so its control is performed manually
Gas-filled and liquid thermostats
When designing the regulator as a thermostatic element may use a substance in the gaseous or liquid state (e.g., paraffin). On this basis, devices are divided into gas-filled and liquid.
Paraffin (liquid or gas) has the property of expanding under the action of temperature. As a result of mass pressure on the stock, which is connected to the valve. Stem overlaps pipe through which coolant passes. Everything happens automatically
Gas-pressure regulators have a high service life (20 years). Gaseous material allows more smoothly and accurately control the air temperature in the housing. Devices come with a sensor which detects the air temperature in dwelling.
Gas bellows faster trigger fluctuations in room temperature. Fluid also have a higher accuracy in the transfer of internal pressure on the moving mechanism. When selecting control on the basis of liquid or gaseous substances guided by the quality and durability of the machine.
Liquid and gas regulators may be of two types:
- with built-in sensor;
- remote.
devices with built-in sensor mounted horizontally, because they require air circulation around them, which prevents the effects of heat from the pipe.
Thermostats are not only suitable for heating systems based on gas, electric boiler or converter. They are used to "warm floor" systems "warm walls." It is important to choose a modification, which is suitable for a particular system (+)
Remote sensors should be used in cases where:
- Battery closed blackout curtains;
- the thermostat is located in a vertical position;
- Radiator depth exceeds 16 cm;
- controller located at a distance less than 10 cm from the sill and more than 22 cm;
- the radiator is installed in a niche.
In these situations, the built-in sensor may not work properly, so I use the remote.
Usually the sensors are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the housing heating radiator. In the case of a parallel setup its readings will run off under the influence of heat coming from the radiators.
Tips before you start the installation of the thermostat
Please find the following tips to keep in mind before starting the installation of the device.
- Before installing the shut-regulatory mechanism should refer to the manufacturer's recommendations.
- The design temperature controllers present fragile items that even a small shock may be damaged. Therefore, you should exercise caution and care when using the device.
- It is important to provide for the next time - the valve should be set so that the thermostat received horizontal position, or to an element warm air can flow coming from the battery, which has a negative impact on its work.
- On the body indicated by the arrows that indicate which side should move the water. When installing the direction of the water must also be considered.
- If the thermostatic element is mounted on a single-pipe system, the need to install a bypass pipe, otherwise the entire heating system will crash when disconnecting a battery.
Poluelektronnye thermostats mounted on the batteries, which are not covered by curtains, decorative grillesAnd various objects of the interior, otherwise the sensor may not work properly. It is also desirable to arrange the thermostatic sensor at a distance of 2-8 cm from the valve.
The thermostat is typically mounted on a horizontal pipe near the entry point into the coolant heater
Electronic thermostats should not be installed in the kitchen, in the hall, in or near the boiler room, as these devices are more sensitive than poluelektronnye. It is advisable to install the devices in the corner of the room with a low room temperature (usually room, located on the north side).
the following general rules should be followed in selecting the installation site:
- near the thermostat should be devices that generate heat (e.g., heaters), appliances, and others;
- unacceptable that the instrument caught the sun's rays and that it was located in a place where there are drafts.
Remember these simple rules, you can avoid some of the problems encountered when using the device.
Installation of automatic heating controls
Instructions below will help set the thermostat as aluminum, and the bimetallic radiators.
If the radiator is connected to operating the heating system, then it must be emptied of water. This can be done by means of a ball valve, the closing valve or any other device that blocks the flow of water from a common riser.
After that, the battery was opened valve, located in the place of receipt of water in the system, close all the valves.
After the water, it must be purged to remove air has been eliminated from the stack. This can also be done with a crane Majewski
The next step is the removal of the adapter. Before the procedure the floor veiled pictures, well absorbing moisture (napkins, towels, soft paper, etc.).
housing thermostatic valve fixed with a wrench. At the same time the second key spun the nuts are on the pipe and the adapter, which is located in the battery itself. Next spun adapter housing.
When loosening the adapter may require the use of the valve, which is located inside the battery
After dismantling the old adapter is being installed new. For this construct was placed in an adapter collar and a spin nut, whereupon pure material using an internal thread is carefully cleaned.
Further purified thread wrapped several times sanitary tap white ribbon (its gain separately in specialized stores), then firmly twist the adapter, as well as the radiator, angled nuts.
The thread must stop wrapping the sanitary tape hourly rotation, making 5-6 turns. It is important that the tape lay flat, so it must be timely to smooth, if necessary
Once the adapter installation is complete, you must proceed to the removal of old and installation of the new collar. In some cases, the collar is difficult to remove, so the cut parts of a screwdriver or a hacksaw, and then tear apart.
Next comes the installation of the thermostat. To this end, following the arrows illustrated on the housing, it is mounted on the collar, then, fixing the valve wrench, tighten the nut, which is located between the regulator and the valve. At the same time tightening the nut tightly by the second key.
It is important during installation of the thermostat does not damage the threads, and after twisting durability test compound to water at startup avoid leakages
At the final step is to open the valve, to fill the battery with water, to ensure the system performance, there is no leakage, to set a specific temperature. AT two-pipe system you can set the thermostats on the upper eyeliner.
The method of setting the mechanical thermostat
After installing the mechanical model it is important to adjust properly. To do this, close the windows in the room, the door to shine heat loss to a minimum, which will give a more precise work results heating systems.
At room thermometer were placed, and then is folded up to the stop valve. In this position, the radiator coolant fills completely, which means that the device will be a maximum heat output. After some time it is necessary to fix the resultant temperature.
Next, turn the head as far as possible in the opposite direction. The temperature begins to drop. When the thermometer will show the best facilities for value, the valve begins to open until such time until you hear the sound of water and does not happen dramatic heating. In this case, the head of the rotation is stopped, fixing its position.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
The video clearly shows how to set the thermostat and inject it into the heating system. As an example, take an automatic electronic control of the brand Living Eco Danfoss:
Select the thermostat can be based on your own wishes and financial possibilities. For domestic use and is ideal for mechanical poluelektronny unit. Fans of smart-technology may prefer functional electronic modifications. Set devices as possible without the involvement of specialists.
Have questions proposed for the consideration of the topic? There is a desire to share a personal experience gained during the installation or use of the thermostat? Please write comments.
