Contentsthe loquat grew at home from a bone well, you should know the features of this plant and the rules of its planting. It grows in the form of a tree, which is appreciated throughout the world, not only because of its attractive appearance, but also interesting berries. Many have heard about this culture, but not everyone knows how the loquat grows.
Description of the plant
In nature, there are about 30 species of this plant. But despite this diversity, only some of them can be grown at home. The Caucasian or German medlar is particularly popular, as it is also called. The medlar is also good at home and in the open field.
These types of fruit tree differ significantly among themselves. The only thing that is similar in them is fruits that taste good. Japanese medlar berries look very similar to apricot. The flesh is soft and juicy. They tolerate transportation and long-term storage.
The ancient Greeks began to grow the medlar for the first time more than 2,700 years ago.
As for the German medlar, it is not intended for fresh consumption. Before tasting the berries, it is necessary that they are well cured and froze slightly. Such conditions give the pulp tenderness and pleasant taste.
Fruits are rich in nutrients such as:
- potassium;
- iodine;
- vitamins A, C, B;
- folic acid;
- selenium;
- manganese;
- Calcium.
The homeland of the plant is the Balkan Peninsula, Iran, Asia Minor. Often it can be found in the Crimean mountains and in the Caucasus. 
The plant belongs to the group of heat-loving crops, therefore, more and more medlar is grown at home. In the room it is able to reach 2 meters high. Leathery hardwood plates. From above each of them is brilliant, and from below - velvet. During the flowering period, the room is filled with a pleasant almond aroma, which lasts a long time.
Flowers self-pollinating. But despite this, many housewives, in order to increase yields, carry out artificial pollination. At the end of flowering, in place of buds appear berries. Their diameter varies within 8 cm. Fruits grow in clusters.
To grow loquat in a pot, you can use both processes and bones. For those who decided to use the first method, you will need to separate last year's shoots. Cut the twigs into small cuttings and place in moist soil. Then cover the container with a glass jar and put in a warm place for a month.
The fruits of the plant are used to treat pathologies of the intestines and the genitourinary system.
As for the cultivation of the medlar in the home from the stone, this is the easiest and most popular method. In this way everyone can grow an exotic tree. If you do everything right, then soon your window sill will decorate a beautiful plant.
The first thing to start with is the selection of ripe berries. They need to extract the bones and clean the pulp.
Put the seeds in a container and rinse well under running water. Then put the seed on the windowsill so that it dries well. Since the grains are covered with a dense shell apply scarification. To do this, take sandpaper and rub it with a seed. You can also use a file. Processing these methods, allows you to destroy the dense part, thus speeding up the germination of the stone.
The second step in growing a loquat tree at home is seed soaking. To do this, you need to immerse the seed in a container with water. It is important to ensure that the liquid is at room temperature. All seeds that have surfaced can be thrown away. They are unsuitable for planting. Planted in the soil need only those grains that were left to lie at the bottom of the vessel.
After the emergence of the first shoots, the capacity should be rearranged in partial shade. This is due to the fact that shoots are afraid of the scorching sun and may stall in development.
After the appearance of a full third pair of leaves, plants can begin to form. It is during this period that you should pinch the medlar. This will allow you to get a beautiful tree that will please the eye over the years.
Medlar care in residential conditions
In order for a young plant to feel well, it is necessary not only to water it properly, but also to choose the optimal place in the room. Also, special attention should be paid to watering. Indeed, much depends on the amount of moisture.
Lighting
This is one of the important conditions for growing medlar at home. Best of all, the tree develops on the windows that face the south side. It also feels good in the south-eastern part. A bountiful harvest plant gives only if the pot is not in the shade.
Before you grow a loquat at home, it should be remembered that an adult tree responds well to direct sunlight.
The air temperature in the room
Medlar is a tropical plant, and therefore indicators should be appropriate. The best numbers are 20 - 250 C. When grown in room conditions, it is necessary to ensure that the thermometer does not fall below 150 C. In the warm season it is recommended to take the pot to fresh air. This may be a balcony or terrace. In winter, the tree is kept on the windowsill or away from the window. In the second case, additional lighting is required.
Substrate for planting
Before planting a loquat, it is necessary to prepare the mixture. A peat substrate is best. It can be bought at any flower shop. When growing such a tree, it is important to ensure that the soil is neutral in acidity.
To prepare the land yourself, you will need:
- four pieces of soddy soil;
- one piece of sand( coarse);
- two pieces of hardwood;
- one part compost.
All components must be mixed well. The resulting substrate does not require additional processing, so it can be immediately used for the procedure.
Transplant
If you follow the rules for updating the soil, you can be sure that the tree will always grow well and bear fruit. Unfortunately, not everyone knows when to replant the medlar, so often the leaves begin to fall off, and the tree does not increase in size.
Change the soil once a year. To do this, use the method of "transshipment".If the plant has grown significantly, then you will need to replace the pot. Adult crops need to change the soil every three years. The pot should be several centimeters wider than the root system itself. At the bottom of the tank must be laid drainage. To do this, you can use pebbles or crushed broken brick. Their fine gravel also performs its tasks well.
Fertilizer
Feed the tree should be from early April to September. The number of procedures performed should not exceed two times in 30 days. Best suited for this complex drugs. A good option are tools designed for cacti and indoor roses.
Irrigation
Watering crops depends on the season. In the summer, when there is heat in the street, it is necessary to irrigate the tree often and abundantly. The soil should always be slightly wet. Winter is a resting period for a tree. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the procedure at a minimum, while ensuring that the earthen room is completely dry. Water for irrigation should be taken only at room temperature. Before using the fluid is recommended to defend well.
In order to get good air to the roots, once a week you should loosen the upper part of the soil.
Pruning
It is necessary in order to form a beautiful bush. With scissors you need to periodically remove the tops of the shoots. To accelerate their growth, you need to cut off the peak part of the plant. This significantly activates the growth of side branches.
Pests
The tree often infects insects. Also, the plant can suffer from improper care. If the medlar began to dry leaves, you should carefully examine their back and front side. Often a similar sign appears as a result of the development of insects. In the case of extraneous individuals, the tree needs to be treated with insecticide. Also wilting of the leaves can be observed as a result of the overwetting of the soil. If nothing is done, the root system will fester and the plant itself will die.
In order to get rid of the black fungus and scytology, systemic drugs will be the best option. You can also treat the plates with water and soap, but only after this procedure, the trees should be redeemed under a warm shower.
In order to grow a medlar in the home, bring only positive emotions, you should follow the tips and rules. Timely watering, proper fertilizing and the right choice of place will allow you to grow a healthy and beautiful tree with an unusual appearance and colorful fruits. Tasty and incredibly healthy berries, will be the best fruit of the dinner tola.
