As a heat source for balconies, various heating systems, preferably mounted on the floor. They allow you to maintain the optimum temperature, to form the most favorable conditions.
There are several floor heating arrangement options. To make the right choice, you need to compare the pros and cons of each solution.
We will tell you what kind of floor heating on the balcony is preferable in a given situation, and give step by step instructions for installation of the heating system.
The content of the article:
- Heating systems for balconies
-
Heating mats and types
- Pros and cons of heating mats
- Installation of heating mats
- Heating electric cable
-
Infrared heating film
- Types of infrared film
- Substantial advantages IR film
- Installation of temperature sensor
- Basis for floor systems
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Heating systems for balconies
There are several types of heating systems are installed in the floor, and is used for thermal insulation of balconies and loggias.
All devices are electric warm floors::
- heating mats;
- heating a two-core cable;
- infrared shielded film.
Consider the system in more detail.
image gallery
Photo of
The construction of a heating system in the floor loggias and glazed insulated balcony can help to significantly expand the usable area of the apartment and a country house
The heating system will provide the conditions not only for relaxation and comfort, but also for the device of the winter garden
On the equipped insulated balcony will be able to arrange the nursery, which is especially important for small crowded apartments
Sunrooms in office complexes, are particularly suitable for use as a recreation room. However, this would also require a warm floor
If you intended to expand the size of the apartment due to the loggia, there is need to build heated floors, to balance the level of heating in adjacent areas
Furnished and insulated loggias and balconies, provide heat floors, ensure the formation of normal conditions for year-round maintenance of premises
Warm floors on the balcony do not take valuable space and do not interfere with travel as ordinary radiators
Warm floors are able to quickly heat the small space with balconies, loggias, could be the main and only source of heat within them
The recreation area in the glazed loggia
The room for the device of the winter garden
Organization of children on the equipped loggia
Lounge in the office building
Warm floors during the redevelopment
Year-round use of premises
Heated floor instead of radiators
Workspace and privacy
Heating mats and types
One of the most popular and budget systems are heating mats. They represent a single heating cable, undulating mountable to a special mesh made of durable fiberglass. Devices belong to a class of systems with heating cable, their installation is carried out exclusively at the floor.
Heating mats can have a length from 50 cm to 3 m, the width of the retaining cord reinforcement mesh is usually 50 cm
As the heat source is a single or twin cable. Its diameter varies in the range 2.5-4.5 mm. To work mats requires a source of power 220-230 watts.
The cable is protected by a special plastic screen. Cold wire length is generally greater than 2 m.
Commercially heating mats are divided into two groups.
they are divided on the type of cable to:
- single-core;
- two conductor;
Single-core system. Their peculiarity is that they are to be installed so that the two ends are connected to the thermostat. This complicates installation because it requires cutting out the mats.
Also mat solid cable emits an electromagnetic field, so it is not embedded in the premises where people reside.
The main advantage of the single-core type of heating equipment is its low price, the possibility of introducing in the bathroom, toilet, kitchen facilities
sturdy mat - improved version stranded. Here, apart from the heating wires, electric cable is present. Its introduction into the design allows one end connected to the thermostat, and the other - hidden in the sleeve, which makes it possible to finish the installation in any location.
Mat-type twisted pair almost does not radiate an electromagnetic field, therefore completely safe for humans. It can be implemented not only in the floor of the balcony, but also in any other room as an additional heat source.
Heating mats also differ in capacity, can generate from 60 to 2300 watts. To learn how to calculate the required capacity of the mat, can be read below.
And solid, and the two-wire mats are reliable, able to perfectly serve for many years. Typically, single-core two-core modification thinner, have more power, therefore, able to warm up the surface of the floor faster.
Pros and cons of heating mats
Consider the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of heating mats.
- When using the mat room height is reduced by only a few centimeters for height and the tile adhesive layer.
- The system is economical, rationally consume electricity. If on the balcony there is furniture, the mats beneath it do not fit.
- Heating mats are easy to install. The only thing that can cause difficulty, - connect the system to the thermostat.
- Mats are used for heating in a short time. The constant work around the clock, they are not designed.
Above the mats can be applied tile adhesive composition itself and tiles laid. Selection device occurs by the surface area of the heating surface, heat loge. For mounting on the balcony is not desirable to take a long mat, since the device can not be shortened.
Zoom will only cold ends, so the balcony to pick up device is necessary as much as possible an appropriate floor area.
image gallery
Photo of
Using the heating mats as the heating system significantly simplifies and accelerates the pace of works on arrangement of loggias
Heating mats are fully prepared before installation system that requires only a bed and connected to the control unit and power supply
Electrical cable floors work well in tandem with the materials used in the arrangement of glazed balconies and loggias. When laying tiles can serve as a screed tile adhesive
Device with underfloor heating mat can be realized in any size and configuration
Components floor heating in the loggia
Fully prepared for the installation system
Laying floor tiles on a heating mats
Elektromaty in irregularly shaped rooms
Installation of heating mats
Installation of heating mats such as must be done with caution. It is important to protect the cable from mechanical damage. It is unacceptable to use for mounting the cutting or sharp objects, to leave them unattended.
It is also important to try not to step on the cable. To eliminate the possibility of this occurrence, it is desirable to perform the installation in footwear with soft soles of shoes or without, and before installation floor surface is completely cleaned of contaminants.
Caution should be exercised during fixing tiles, stripping and applying glue joints. During the execution of these works can damage the cable.
The unit of floor heating systems using heating mats includes a number of traditional steps:
image gallery
Photo of
On the leveled prepared base, which can also serve as old tiles, laid with heating mats
To steer a heating system cut on the reinforcing mesh, without touching the electric cable. Turn the mat, using the cable as a pivot point
Laid on top of the system of heating mats Apply tile adhesive, designed for use with heating systems
Laying ceramic floor produce standard manner keeping conventional technological rules
Step 1: laying heating mats lined on base
Step 2: Cutting of floor heating systems
Step 3: Application to slab adhesive Heated floor
Step 4: Ukladna floor tiles for warm floor
Consider options for laying mats for different types of surfaces.
On the concrete floor balconies is set first insulating material and then leveled floor mounted shock absorber, which will prevent deformation when heated. Then put on the absorber mat and then covered with tiled glue, which is applied on the tile.
At the last stage, the assembly of protective tube for the temperature sensor, the thermostat, the connection of cold conductors.
Before laying the mat, to maximize its effectiveness, can be laid on the floor insulation layer (+)
If the balcony floor will be laid out from a tree, the first line the concrete surface layer of 7-9 mm, heating mats are then laid, put a solid foam, after which the tree shelter floor.
If you are installing on an old tiled covering, then make a concrete screed, set the heating element, it tiled covered with glue, and then create a new tiled floors. If the floor tiles were in good condition, the leveling screed can not do.
Heating mats can be easily installed in old tiled covering lodge without dismantling (+)
Consider the features of the installation in more detail.
Before introduction into the surface of the floor mats is necessary to draw up a schematic installation plan.
Project should display:
- contour heated surface;
- stacking scheme;
- Temperature sensor arrangement, the thermostat with the power supply wiring locations.
It is important before starting to make preparations the surface for laying the mats. To do this on the floor eliminates the cracks with putty. After its drying floor purified from dust and dirt. If the surface of the wood, you must make sure that it is securely locked.
Before laying the need to set the groove for the handset that comes with a temperature sensor. It is important that it was located at the upper edge of the article at the same distance from heating cables.
During the work necessary to seal the tube with one hand tape, so it did not hit tile adhesive. The second end is connected to the thermostat itself, which is located in the junction box.
Laying can be done in two ways - the cable up or down the cable. The first method is the simplest, it is used in practice more often.
A method in which cable installation is made up, is that the mesh mats are laid down. Next, using the adhesive, the device fastened pointwise to the floor surface.
After - is applied to the surface of the mat tile adhesive desired thickness (typically 3-5 mm) and then proceed to laying tiles.
It is important to distribute the glue uniformly on the surface of the mat, to avoid the formation of air voids, since the operation may result in overheating and damage to the cable
The cable must be completely immersed in a heat-conducting medium (tile adhesive, etc.).
A method in which the cable is laid down cable (i.e., mesh up), is more complicated to implement. Before laying the tiles made the pattern of the mat. For this purpose it is spread so that it completely covered the surface to be heated.
Next, cut the mesh of the mat, and then coiled. Is applied to the floor 2-3 mm layer of adhesive, after deploying the cable mat and lightly pressed down.
During the installation it is important to ensure that the distance between the cables is not less than 5 cm. The second layer of adhesive is applied in 5-6 mm notched trowel type directly on the heating mat, after which there is laying tiles.
Heating electric cable
radiant floor heating is electric cable At the heart of any system. It acts as the primary heating element. Is controlled by electronic thermostats in different versions.
For operation of the device 220 must be in tension.
image gallery
Photo of
Cable floor heating makes sense to stack on the equipped and well insulated balcony. Otherwise, the energy will go into the street, without stopping inside
Unlike cable heating mats can be installed with any step that allows you to vary the heat output. For example, increasing the heat along the panoramic windows or doors in the area
Cable flooring poured screed or tile adhesive, if you plan on laying floor tiles. cable connection is performed to the reinforcing grid
The heating cable allows for really any circuit installation. You can arrange a warm floor in the loggia nontrivial configuration
Cable floor heating in the loggia
Variability cable spacing
Fixing the cable to the reinforcing grid before filling screed
Complex circuit stacking heating coil
The structure of the cable system includes a cable heating section, its basic element - the two-wire shielded cable, which is connected to one side of the connecting conductors, secure coupling, and on the other - heating residential.
The specific heat of the cable is approximately 18 W / m.
The cable is laid in a concrete screed or tile adhesive. The product is capable of providing a floor temperature of from +25 to +32 degrees
Cable Advantages are as follows:
- the electromagnetic field generated by the device, the cavity safe for humans;
- thanks to the use in the construction of the heating core low-power, increases the wear resistance of the cable, the timing of its operation;
- easy installation;
- shielding film provides electrical, fire protection products, protect it from mechanical damage.
Installation on a concrete floor has a number of features. It is advisable to insulate extruded polystyrene 20-30 mm thick or any other thermally insulating material.
Further thermal insulation is required to cover 10-15 mm of concrete screed. This will avoid contact with the heating element insulation sex, otherwise it may overheat the device.
After the procedure is laid on the floor and fixed mounting tape. The cable is laid in waves evenly over the entire area. It is important that its components do not overlap. The bending radius has to be equal to or more than 10 times the cable diameter. The fixing device using the mounting tape, secured its projecting portion.
The thermostat can be connected to one of the two or more heating cables. The cold end of the set in the box in Stroebe, located in the wall. The sensors are mounted between the cable bands are displayed in an installation box. To it 220 supply power from the nearest outlet (+)
After laying check the conformity of the real resistance of the heating conductor with the information in the passport. Connect the cable can be before installation to make sure it works, and then to spend styling and tie.
Couplings should be placed in the concrete screed. Before the device ties up cable laying scheme where define locations for the couplings.
It is important to remember that the cement finally hardens after 28-30 days. Until that time, you can not turn on the system. It is also forbidden to run the heating cable sections are in the folded position. Step placement should be calculated on the passport.
Details of the steps of laying the heating cable to the floor loggia introduce a brief photo-instruction:
image gallery
Photo of
Before laying the heating cable repair base system. If necessary embroider cracks and fill them with a solution of
The selected setting for the thermostat location Grooves wall for mounting therein of the cable in a corrugated plastic duct. In the floor forming cutting grooves for laying the sensors connected to the control unit
Repaired floor plank waterproofing foil, which at the same time will prevent the leakage of heat into the floor thickness
The table in Example loggia is shaped G. Where connected clipped cloth, tape line sizing compounds
Mounting on the substrate have a metal strip, which will fix the cable. Fasten them to the floor, then loops laid cable with 10 cm increments
Set the thermostat connected to it a system buried in Stroebe on the floor temperature sensors. We check the performance of the assembled system
Turning off the system from the power supply. Set of metal section beacons and arrange a semi-dry screed
Cable floor on top of the screed put waterproofing, then laminate, do not forget to fill in the furrow with a cable for a plaster solution the control unit
Step 1: Repair of the loggia floor before laying the heating cable
Step 2: Shtroblenie walls and floor at the thermostat cable
Step 3: Laying the insulation foil on the floor
Step 4: Bonding insulating tape substrate
Step 5: Laying the heating cable on the substrate
Step 6: Connecting the heating system to the control unit
Step 7: The unit floor screed heating
Laying flooring on top of underfloor
Infrared heating film
The operating principle of the IR film is based on the generation of long-wave IR radiation. The device itself looks like fabric, coated on both sides with a film of polyester. It is flexible, so that can be easily mounted on any part of the floor.
For implementation does not require pouring cement screed or adhesive base unit, the film can be easily installed and dismantled.
film layers consist of carbon and copper bars, through which heat transfer is achieved at 100%. IR film functions effectively at low temperatures, is widely used for mounting in a floor balconies
The film is a kind of radiator of infrared rays, which man interprets as heat. Its limit of heating temperature - 50 ° C.
Any IR film includes:
- carbon heating element, Which is a power converter to heat;
- bimetallic tiresBy which energy is supply to the heating elements;
- a two-layer resin filmPerforming security functions from mechanical damage.
The device operates from the mains 220-230 V.
Secure the film to the floor by using stapler, adhesive base or by any other method, depending on the type of coating that will be installed (+)
The current passing through the system components is converted into thermal energy, it is transferred to the environment, which then heats the air mass around itself.
Types of infrared film
There is a wide variety of IR films differing specific technical parameters and appearance. There are two main types - low and high temperature models. Also, films of different power, limiting the heating temperature, thickness, width, area of application.
Installation of solid carboxylic film used as the main heating system the equipped loggia, is quite simple:
image gallery
Photo of
Film floors are sensitive to the base - it must be perfectly aligned and delivered from the smallest grains of sand. The reason for placing IK floors can serve and dry and wet tie
Base blanketed insulating substrate, directing heat into the equipped loggia
Puts advance the cut continuous webs infrared floor on the basis of the laid substrate
Slice carboxylic panels located on the opposite side of the connection, papered bitumen tape
Connecting webs carboxylic heating system according to a previously written pattern. Connection is performed sequentially
Wiring points papered bitumen tape to eliminate even the slightest risk of fire due to sparks
In order to prevent displacement of infrared film during the production of subsequent works, fix it with tape
Above solid flooring IR film is placed without pretreatment. The whole system takes at least the height of the ceilings
Step 1: screed under the film floor
Step 2: A device substrate film floor
Step 3: Laying carboxylic heating panels
Step 4: Isolation of the free edge of the film carboxylic
Step 5: Build an electric heating system
Step 6: Pasting connections bitumen tape
Step 7: Fixing carboxylic panels tape
Step 8: Stacking of floor finish
When selecting the film key parameter is the temperature of heating. Thus, when it exceeds + 27 ° C the laminated coating should be avoided, since it under the action of heat irreversibly deformed.
Therefore, high-temperature modifications are to be laid under ceramic tiles.
If the floor will be a floorboard, the laminated coating, carpet et al., It is necessary to install a low-temperature system is heated to + 27 ° C. For the coating in the form of tiles, limestone can be set high temperature modifications generating + 45- + 50 ° C
In the loggia you can set the warm infrared film on the floor and on the walls and ceiling. In addition, the panel is mounted on both walls under the windows, in front of windows. This heating method is called - PLEN heating system.
at selecting IR film it is important to focus on the area of application.
Substantial advantages IR film
Experts allocate a number of advantages IR film.
Among the main advantages include:
- environmental Safety - radiation is considered to be beneficial to health;
- preservation of high-quality air composition - when the device is not heated air, interior, however there is no oxygen vaporization does not change the composition of air;
- no radiation electromagnetic type;
- ease of installation, Opportunities to set up.
Infrared film is characterized by long life, almost no crashes and does not require repair.
Infrared film systems are great outdoors. They are actively used in the arrangement of balconies and loggias. Weighty advantage IR sexes that is the only option that allows you to effectively heat the premises without glazing.
The process of the IR system on the floor of the balcony to present the following gallery:
image gallery
Photo of
Device film sex outdoors and balconies is carried out by the general rules of technology. First substrate carpeted
An infrared cut film in size, laid, connected in series and connect to the cable, stretch to the thermostat on the wall of the balcony
Electric film waterproofing system shut and laid it on top of laminate
Infrared floor cables are connected to the wall mounted on the thermostat, the summing thereto temperature sensors, transmission control unit information about the temperature change
Step 1: laying an insulating substrate
Step 2: Location of the heating film panels
Step 3: The coating apparatus over a floor IR
Step 4: The connection of the heating system to the control unit
If you are planning to opt for a balcony is infrared film, then offer acquainted with the information on the installation and connection of the floor heating:
- Infrared carbon fiber floor heating: the principle of action and rules laying
- How to make an infrared heat-insulated floor with your hands: the installation and connection of the film sex
Installation of temperature sensor
To provide the necessary atmosphere in the room, use thermostats equipped with a temperature sensor. They effectively interact with cable systems, infrared film.
The thermostat function is to support the desired temperature, its alignment, optimization of energy consumption. Depending on modification, functions of the device can be varied.
thermostat connection principle is the same for any system. We consider the features of the temperature sensor assembly for heating mats.
A thermostat capable of regulating the temperature of several heating mats simultaneously. Cabling connected in parallel, the current limit should not exceed 16 A, which corresponds to 3600 W at 230 V
If the total capacity of the mats more, for thermostat assembly It requires additional equipment in the form of the input automaton, RCD, a power relay, circuit breaker according to the directions, special thermostat.
To install the controller must perform the work in the following order:
- create a special hole in the wall mounting box;
- proshtrobit hole in the wall to install the power cord and create a hole for the placement of the connecting channel;
- to make installation, configuration, according to the instructions;
- sensors placed in the corrugated tube made of plastic with a diameter of 16-20 mm.
The tube must be sealed shut at one end to protect the wires from falling into solutions, water. On the opposite end of the tube is placed in a box set.
The regulator is recommended to place near the wiring to save on the leads, it is desirable to install on a wall in a residential area in the most convenient location
Provodki- allowable bending radius of 5 cm. Tube with sensors fixed to the floor. It is required to go between the loops at a distance of 20 cm.
It is important to remember that during installation you can not shorten the heating cable, replace the lead wires, make adjustments to the thermostat design, carry out repairs and installation of a turn-on voltage power.
Basis for floor systems
Before choosing any floor system it is important to carry out the calculation of the power of the heater, to determine its required length.
To do this, you need to calculate the heat loss from the loggia. Through window apertures leaves a lot of heat, so to ensure the temperature of + 20 to + 23 ° C quite problematic, especially in the winter season. Therefore it is recommended to install heating equipment in the heating mode.
Calculate heat loss balcony you can using online calculator.
Before installing floor heating on the balcony it is important to make a pre-warming the room
The recommended temperature of heating mats, cable or IR film is + 26 ° C. This mode is suitable for thermally insulating the parquet floor. If used as a coating tiles, marble or other heat-conducting coating, the recommended temperature of the cable is + 28- + 31 ° C.
Typically lodzhiy necessary 160-180 Watts per m2 and heated at 200-220 watts per m2 for heating mode. Taking into account these recommendations, it is possible to calculate the required length of the cable laying step, the power system.
For example, Sun has 2 square meters2. Floor covering is a tile, plate not planned. Take the heating mode, for which to 200 W per m2. Next we define a heating area.
It is calculated as follows:
Sg= SSociety-Setc, Where
- Setc - area occupied by cabinets and other furniture;
- SSociety - the total area of the room.
Suppose the area occupied by furniture, is 0.5 m2. Then Sg= 2-0.5 = 1.5. To lodge heating mode is selected, so the necessary power cable - 200 Watts per m2.
Then recommended system capacity is 1.5 * 200 = 300 watts per m2.
If the coupler is not planned, purchased thin cable system, which is able to completely meet the tile adhesive layer.
Choose a system with the required characteristics can be on the table that describes the characteristics of the equipment.
Using specifications mats, we can determine an optimal model based on the individual requirements of (+)
Based on the table mat define power, its dimensions and the length of the square. In this example, the mat power is 0.25 kW and length - 17 m.
Next step is looking styling. We expect it from the formula:
h = (Sg* 100) / Lkabwhere
- h - a step of laying;
- Lkab - cable length in meters.
Substitute the values into the formula, and we get: h = 1.5 * 100 \ 17 = 8.8 cm.
When laying mats or cables should be remembered that the indentation of the wall should be 10 cm.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
The video tells about the features, general principles of installation of heating mats:
From the video, you can learn about the features of the installation and connection of the thermostat:
About installing infrared film can be found in the below video works:
Cable systems, IR film are of high quality, low cost, practicality and durability. Install them, you can own, without the involvement of specialists.
It is only important to choose the right equipment with the surface area of the heated surface of the coating, and other factors.
All interested in the balcony heating issue and the use of underfloor heating loggia, offer comments and ask questions. Contact form is located in the lower block.
