Novice gardeners, many issues in agricultural engineering seem quite understandable. But some procedures due to lack of knowledge and information are ignored, or are performed with violations. This article will tell you how to pinch tomatoes, reveal the essence and importance of the event.
Table of contents
- What does pasynkovanie tomato mean?
- How do
- stepchildren look? How to distinguish the leaf to be removed from the desired fruit branch of the bush?
- Time to start cutting off shoots, which one to leave, and which one to clean
- How to break off tomatoes in open ground?
- Tall
- Medium-grade
- varieties Low
- Greenhouse shoot removal scheme
- What happens to tomatoes without processing?
What does pasynkovanie tomato mean?
The procedure involves the removal of stepsons in order to properly form a bush. By cutting off the excess step by step, many varieties have the opportunity to unleash their full potential, and the period of fruiting begins within the time limits stated by the breeders.
If the shoots are left to remain, the plant begins to branch and thicken, which leads to the grinding of the fruit. This is due to the lack of nutrients for inflorescences of each branch. Therefore, to tear off stepchildren is necessary from the point of view of agrotechnics of tomato cultivation.
Here it is, the stepson to the removal of What are the stepsons
Pasynkami called shoots that develop in the leaf sinuses. They represent a kind of competition to the main stem, they also form leaves and flowers, and also tie fruit. At first glance, we can conclude that their significance is great, but it is not. If you do not care for the bush and do not participate in its formation, the plant turns out to be too thick, which becomes attractive for pests and fungal infections. In addition, a large number of ovaries reduces the quality of tomatoes, they turn out to be small, more often they are exposed to various diseases due to a weakened immune system.
How to distinguish the leaf to be removed from the desired fruit branch of the bush?
In terms of appearance, the stepson is different from the fruit stem . It is necessary to remove extra shoots very carefully, there is a high probability of damage to the flowering brush, which will lead to a decrease in yield. Before the procedure, you need to carefully inspect the bush in order to identify stepchildren. You can recognize them by the following features:
- the beginning of growth comes from the sinus sheets( fruit branch grows from the stem);
- on the stepson shoot sheets are viewed( on the fruit branch of the beginnings of flowering).
Time to start cutting off the shoots, which one to leave, and which one to clean
Shaping the bushes is necessary when the plant is already strong and has begun to grow intensively. It is necessary to remove a scion from the first blooming brush, as soon as the length of the stepson reaches 5-7 cm. It is better to do this in the morning in dry weather. Then the cut will have time to dry in a day. Excessive moisture can trigger fungus development.
To remove all any noticeable stepchildren who grew below the flowering branches and to the very roots. Those that are located above the flowering brushes can be left for more yield.
The first procedure is sometimes carried out on seedlings. When planting seedlings in open ground, it is necessary to tear off the excess shoots, the length of which reaches only 1 cm. The work is painstaking, but it will relieve the extra load when caring for the bed. Paceniks are formed on young shoots rather intensively, therefore pruning should be done at least once a week.
How to break off tomatoes in open ground?
Swinging in opposite directions Pasynki in determinant and indeterminate varieties are formed differently, so it is worth considering the rules of the procedure in each individual case.
Tall
The height of such plants can reach 2 meters, so stepchildren are formed on them quite intensively. Tall bushes often form in one stem, leaving no more than 10 fruit branches .With two stems, the total number of brushes is divided equally between them.
Medium-sized varieties
A shrub plant whose height does not exceed 180 cm, is formed with two or three stems. After pasynkovany culture can stop growing, so leave a spare 1-2 shoots. 4-5 fruit brushes are left on the formed branches. With more, there is a shortage of food.
Low
In low-growing varieties, after forming 4-5 brushes, they pinch the top of the .All flower ovaries formed at the beginning of August break down. Fruits on them will not have time to ripen anyway, and nutrients will be taken away from ripening tomatoes.
Pasynkovaya technique is performed in this order:
- presses the escape with thumb and forefinger;
- swings in opposite directions to the steep from the stem.
Cutting the germ with a sharp instrument is also allowed. At the same time, after each plant, it is necessary to dip knife blades or scissors into a disinfecting solution( weak concentration of potassium permanganate, 1% bleach).The cut should be done so that the tail remains 1.5 cm. This will prevent the stem from damage, and slow down the development of new shoots in this place. Sometimes you have to re-staving, a new sprout is formed from a sleeping kidney, located in the leaf axil.
Plant residues after the procedure must be removed from the beds or greenhouses and disposed of.
The scheme of removal of shoots in the greenhouse
Schemes of formation of a bush of tomatoes The principle of removing stepsons from a bush of tomatoes does not differ significantly when growing vegetables under the protection of polycarbonate and in open ground. However, the procedures for greenhouse care continue even after the start of the harvest.
Tomato bushes are formed according to three schemes.
- A single stem method involves the removal of almost all lateral shoots. There remains one stepchild, on which the inflorescences are tied, and later the fruits. With such a scheme, tomatoes are large and early ripening. In order for the plant not to break, it is necessary to dig in support for the developing bush.
- Formations of plants with two stems provides for the removal of all stepsons, except one, located under the inflorescence. Such a plant requires a garter so that the fruits do not knock it to the ground when ripe.
- The three-stem method involves the removal of all lower shoots, except for the stepson under the first flowering brush and the most powerful of the lower shoots. Each stem must be tied to a separate support.
What happens to tomatoes without processing?
Tomatoes without staking - shallow fruits If you ignore the procedure for removing side shoots, the bush will acquire branches with which fruits can be tied. But the quality of tomatoes will be low in taste and size. Among other things, a dense plant will create a shadow, and in combination with humidity and warm weather, favorable conditions are created for the development of fungal diseases. Also, thickened beds attract pests that choose such places for the laying of larvae and eggs.
The essence of pinching is to enrich the main part of the stem and ovaries with nutrients in sufficient quantity. Then the yield will not suffer, and the fruits will meet the product criteria.
On the basis of the information presented, any gardener will draw conclusions about the feasibility of holding a shoe. This will enable the selected varieties to show their best qualities, to ensure high yields.
