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Black radish is not a variety. This is a variety with varieties of early, middle and late sowing. Signs that distinguish the form, is the dark skin and the greatest sharpness of the pulp. Black radish is grown in Russia in the 12th century. It was used as an extremely useful and medicinal vegetable. Culture came from the East and fell in love with the people for its beneficial properties and yield.
Cultivation of black radish
In the people, varieties of medium and late ripening with black skin and white flesh are most famous. It is imperative to withstand the sowing of radish seeds, since day length is of great importance for plant development. Distinguish:
- early small-fruited varieties, sowing in March;
- early ripening varieties, sown in late April, early May;
- mid-season varieties sown at the zenith of summer;
- late varieties sowed in mid-July.
Recommended planting dates for black radish, planting and grooming techniques are always on the seed packets, they must be adhered to. Varietal characteristics allow with the proper management of the culture to avoid marksmanship or cracking of root crops. This is especially important for a product intended for winter storage. All varieties of black radish have a two-year growing season, which means that you can get seeds only in the second year.
As a rule, black radish is planted on a bed that is vacant after early salads or onions when the recommended time comes up. Before this, the soil is well digged and filled with fertilizer. Experienced vegetable growers believe that radish will be more juicy if it is grown on mineral fertilizers without adding compost. At the same time, the land should be loose and fertile.
The bed is dug up with the addition of a glass of ash, three tablespoons of superphosphate, and potassium chloride and urea each. They dig up the earth to a depth of 35 cm, level and make furrows or holes with a distance between plants of 15 cm and between rows of 30. They sow seeds to a depth of about three cm several in a nest, then to leave the strongest sprout. During the growing season, the plants are even more thinned out in order to eliminate the thickening of the plants.
The land at the landing site should always be wet and ashen, as the cruciferous fleas are rampant at this very time. Shoots will appear in a few days, and to protect them from the pest will become an important task. Further care will be in the following activities:
- constant maintenance of plants in the wet layer of the earth;
- removal of weak plants;
- to loosen the soil, preventing the formation of a crust;
- to protect sheets from the settlement of pests;
- harvest before frost.
The content of land in the wet state removes the question of why the radish goes to color. In addition, solid clay soil can affect the quality of root crops. In such conditions, the radish grows clumsy and cracks. Therefore, the choice of the landing site and the quality of the soil will be the key to a good harvest. It is impossible to use fresh organic fertilizers as a soil dressing and top dressing.
Experienced gardeners advise in the process of growing a little to shake the root crop to remove the side roots. The plant, feeding only through the taproot, grows medium-sized and succulent.
Radish has many pests. How to grow black radish marketable? The larvae of the carrot fly or cruciferous flea must not be allowed to spoil the root crop. Through the damaged skin, bacteria and spores of putrefactive fungi penetrate the pulp and such fruit will not be stored. In addition, radish can damage the cabbage leaf beetle, aphid, slugs, rapeseed beetle.
Biological products and enzymes can be used to control pests. For example, lipocide or fitoverm. They quickly decompose and do not affect the quality of the roots. Most of all damaged thickened landing. Therefore, gardeners often for planting and growing black radish use the edges of the beds, arranging rare holes around the perimeter of potato, onion, and cucumber plantations to exclude common pests.
When to clean black radish?
For storage, black radish of late and medium varieties is grown. Such varieties include Skvirskaya black, Winter round black;Gaivoronskaya. Varieties can be stored for up to 200 days. To do this, you need to remove healthy roots until the first frost, as frozen vegetables are not stored.
The late-ripening Gaivoron radish gets a root vegetable 110-120 days after sowing. A black winter radish of average ripening is ready for harvest after 80 days. When to remove black radish depends on the selected grade.
To store the tops of the root crops, it is removed, they are dried a little in a dark cool room and stored in a cellar for storage. Radish contains mineral salts, trace elements and essential oils. A very useful product is also a means of treatment in traditional medicine.
In ancient Greece, black radish was considered the queen of vegetables, They created a gold copy and brought Apollo as a gift. And in Egypt, this vegetable was considered the food of slaves.
However, thousands of years have passed, and radish continues to be a necessary vegetable on all continents. It is important to know that this product is contraindicated for those who have problems with diseases of internal organs in the acute stage.
Dishes with the participation of black radish deliver potassium into the body, which stimulates life processes. This is a pantry of mineral salts, vitamins and trace elements. However, mustard oil and esters in high concentrations in radish irritate kidneys, liver and gastrointestinal tract. For a healthy person, this action only stimulates the organs to work. Radish gruel can serve as a hair mask and a compress on sore joints. Therefore, radish should be included in the system of healthy nutrition.
