Installation tip - not the most difficult part of the work in the construction of its own wells. Neither the device nor the procedure for mounting the particular complexity of the same. By following certain rules, you can set the headroom for a well with their hands without any problems.
But will not prevent pre-acquainted with some of the nuances of this process.
The content of the article:
- What is required headroom
- What you should know about the headroom
- Device installation rules
- Homemade headroom for wells
- Useful videos on the topic
What is required headroom
In short, the headroom - this cover well. With the help of an upper portion of the casing to protect against the adverse effect of external factors. It is possible to do without this device, replacing it with an inverted container of suitable size, which just covered the hole. Some are wrapped into a tube a large piece of plastic film and think that this is quite enough.
Neither of these options is not completely reliable. Film or an inverted tank can be considered only as a temporary way to protect. These funds are almost always turn out to be powerless in the spring floods, insects and other similar factors.
Functions well tip into practice is much broader than it might seem at first glance. With this device successfully resolves a number of important practical problems:
- hermetically protect the upper part of the borehole from the penetration of flood water and other unwanted fluids;
- prevent the borehole mud, dust, debris, etc .;
- protect the mine from small items that can fall back;
- prevent theft of the pump and the well equipment;
- further protect the structure from freezing in winter;
- securely submersible pump and water communications.
If the well is equipped with a reliable end walls, operate and maintain it much easier than in the absence of this useful device. It is even considered that the headroom sealed positive effect on the production rate of filter wells, because in this way additional pressure is created. Good headroom can also be used as an adapter if you want to apply the water supply pipes of different diameters.
What you should know about the headroom
At the hardware store to buy headroom is not difficult, the choice of these devices is wide enough. First of all, should be selected headroom in strict accordance with the size of its casing. The second important point - the material from which the device is designed. In commercially available plastic, steel and cast iron headroom. The design of these products is quite similar, but the burden they carry in different ways.
Polymer end walls can withstand a load of 200 kg or less, the steel - up to 500 kg, and free iron transfers and higher load, though by itself weighs a lot. In order to save many people prefer cast-iron models of steel well head. Of course, the steel product is worth considerably less. But we should remember that the life of such a model, much shorter.
Typically, for relatively shallow wells, and 50 m deep, it is possible to take a plastic or steel model, since the load in such cases rarely exceeds 100 kg. But weight more powerful equipment for artesian wells may exceed 250 kg. Here you should use a more durable end cap. Accurate information about the characteristics of the equipment contained in the product data sheet, which allows to find out all the details before buying.
One of the advantages of the well tip device is that it is quite simple. Such unit consists of three basic elements:
- cover;
- flange;
- sealing ring.
Additionally, depending on the model, the device can be equipped with:
- eyebolts;
- cable gland intended for the actuator;
- set carbines;
- connection for the water supply pipe;
- mounting bolts.
Eyebolt is a conventional bolt, the upper part of which is formed as a ring. These elements are used for hanging the equipment, fastening ropes, etc. On headroom eyebolts placed on top to make it easier to lift the lid and the bottom - to suspend the pump. If the assembly model eyebolts, for whatever reason, do not enter them if desired, may be purchased separately and welded to the metal end walls.
Cable entry - is a useful element that helps protect the power cable from accidental damage. Typically, it is equipped with a special spring, providing reliable fixing and sealing structure. The bolts connecting the cover and the flange can be a special "secret" design.
This allows you to further protect the well from outside interference. If headroom is equipped with conventional screws, it makes sense to replace them with secret fixings. There are elements specially adapted for operation in a humid environment, corrosion-resistant special plastic coating. If possible, it is necessary to give preference to such a kit.
Borehole headroom typically are identified by markings, which allows you to immediately get an idea of the characteristics of the product. In the early signs are usually OS letters, they deciphered simply: "headroom wells". The first number indicates the size of the casing, which is designed for the product. If only one number, the device is suitable only for that particular pipe diameter.
When the specified range, e.g., 140-160, then this headroom can be set with casing of different diameters within this range. The second number specifies the parameters of the water supply pipe, which can connect with the head part. Plastic headroom additionally marked with the letter "P", and metal products such labeling is missing.
Thus, if the product is worth marking OC-152 / 32P, headroom is made for the casing pipe diameter of 152 mm, which is completed by an adapter to a water pipe with a diameter of 32 mm. The product is made of plastic. If the labeling appears as OC-152/32, it with exactly the same characteristics, but made of metal.
The price of the finished head part can range from 50 to 120 dollars. This is about the price, if you wish, you can find a cheaper option. However, it should be remembered that the acquisition of very attractive price model can conceal unpleasant surprises associated with low quality. Currently popular are high headroom for a well "JEELEX" company.
Device installation rules
Since the tip design as a whole it is very simple, and then sets it to cause any problems should not be. And yet there are certain rules that must be observed during the installation. When installing the well head to the well usually adhere to the following procedure:
- Prepare edge of the casing.
- The flange is put on the tube so that its rim facing downwards.
- Mounted sealing ring.
- Secure pump cable.
- The corresponding input electrical cable is passed.
- Shtultseru To attach a hose or a part of the water supply pipe, the second end of which is attached to the pump.
- The pump is lowered into the well.
- The lid is closed under the weight of the submersible pump.
- The flange and the cover are connected by bolts which are evenly tightened.
Preparation of the casing edge begins with the fact that the edge is cut horizontally. This will allow headroom placed in a plane that is perpendicular to the casing. Once the pipe is cut off properly at the correct height, the edge should be carefully polished. To perform these operations, it is quite suitable conventional "Bulgarian" with a set of appropriate community-baits.
Before installing a metallic tip casing it is recommended to additionally protect special paint for metal. The sealing ring is sometimes difficult to put on the casing and push it down is not always easy. To solve the problem, it is recommended to use a suitable lubricant, such as avtol or special oil.
Hurrying to get water from a well finished, some site owners immediately dipped into her pump, putting mounting headroom "for later". This is the wrong course of action. First put flange and O-ring, and then the pump can be lowered into the well. Otherwise the mounting tip it is necessary to get and lower back.
This is not the best option, as it increases the risk of damage to columns and equipment, and the procedure is quite time-consuming itself. To fix the cable to the pump and the center pole using special hooks. Rope length should correspond to the depth of the dive equipment. Should not be lowered into the well to the pump until all the other elements are placed in the appropriate connectors tip cap.
On opening for the electric cable has a special clamp. It is necessary to slightly loosen so that the cable can slide freely. If the wire is pinched, or located so that it accounts for part of the weight of the equipment, it may break. Before secured to the center pole a water supply tube or hose, its lower end is attached to the submersible pump.
When the pump is lowered into the well, should gradually release the cable. When the equipment will be at a selected depth, the lid is closed, and the weight of the pump presses it against the flange. The seal thus falls into a special groove and firmly pressed against the casing, thus ensuring reliable sealing structure.
If the head part is correctly installed, the O-ring is uniformly pressed against the flange to the cover, and the connection holes are arranged opposite. If it does not, then you need to look for the cause may be just a little bit to change the position of the cover. Connecting bolts should be tightened evenly to avoid warping the lid on any one side.
Should not seek to exert maximum effort. Excessively tight lid with a flange connection may cause damage to the rubber ring, resulting in breach of containment structure. But too weak connection unacceptable. If screws are tightened insufficiently strong, well head can be simply removed from the tube, then install them meaningless.
Once the cover is installed and secured, almost always there is some slack in the electric cable. The wire should be chosen in such a way that it does not hang loose, but was not taut. Now to shtultseru water pipe can be connected. Then, typically include a pump to evaluate the tip is properly installed and its condition at the working load.
Homemade headroom for wells
As well head is designed not so difficult, it can be made independently. For this purpose use stainless steel sheet thickness of 10 cm. Headroom of less thick metal will not be strong enough. But too large material is not necessary because it creates unnecessarily high load on the structure.
First, the flange is cut, i.e., circular element with a hole inside. The size of this hole should be such that the casing is in him a free pass. Cover - this is another metal circle, but the holes it makes very different. In the center of the hole is usually made for shtultsera water pipe.
Then cut the hole of smaller diameter is intended for an electrical cable. for shtultsera hole needs to be done is quite large, it can be cut using a welding machine. Cable hole can be drilled with a drill with a drill of appropriate size.
At the end of porezochnyh and welding holes and other elements of the end cap should be treated file, to eliminate irregularities and burrs etc. Will also need to be welded to cover three eyebolts. One of them is welded to the underside of the lid, it will loop for attaching the rope on which hung the pump.
To the top side of the lid are welded two eyebolts. They become a kind of handle, with which you can freely open headroom. If desired, eye bolts can be replaced by eye-nut, sometimes it is even more convenient to use than the bolt. Some successfully replaced the master piece folded element in terms of the metal bar of suitable diameter.
The cover and flange also necessary to drill holes for the fastening bolts. Recommended drill both elements simultaneously by connecting them with a vise or clamp. This will provide a more accurate matching of holes during the installation of the finished tip.
Also experienced craftsmen are advised to do the first flange and the center pole all the holes, and then weld the adapter, eyebolts, etc. Of course, the mounting bolts should be purchased in advance. Their diameter holes must match, and the length should be sufficient to connect the cover flange and gasket mounted between them.
If the cutting and welding of sheet metal usually does not cause problems, then the search for a suitable gasket problems can arise even experienced craftsmen. The surest way to get the desired item - buy it from the manufacturer or an authorized dealer.
Unfortunately, gaskets for industrial production of a standard size is not always suited for improvised tip. The strip can be cut from a thick piece of rubber, if you have one handy. It is believed that a rubber layer of 5 mm thick will suffice. The inner diameter of the need to do so that it tightly fits over the casing.
This will provide sufficient sealing tip after it is assembled. Some craftsmen to recommend the use of a spacer ring rolled from the old inner tubes. Novel idea for the production of gaskets - to cast her out of silicone. However, in this case it is necessary to make the shape of appropriate size and configuration.
In any case, the gasket should be strong enough to ensure a reliable seal tip and serve for a long time. This element is under the constant influence of contraction. Poor rubber can soon be destroyed, which would weaken the connection structure.
When installing a homemade tip well the electric cable is recommended to protect the special heat-shrinkable sleeve. For its installation will need construction hairdryer. Some wizards are used instead of the lower flange three metal brackets, which simply accurately welded to the metal casing. Cap construction in this case is the same, and the mounting holes are drilled in the corners and in the cover.
Useful videos on the topic
The process of editing tip can be seen in the video below, even though it does not reflect the procedure for communication connection, hanging pump, etc.
Here you can see an overview of different models of downhole end walls:
An interesting variant of the well head made with his own hands, is presented in the following video:
Good headroom borehole - an important part of the house and the area of water supply system. If the model is selected and installed correctly, reliably protect headroom well and prolong its service life.
