Do it yourself vacuum cleaner

The best vacuum cleaner in the absence of electric is a broom. There is no chance to assemble a vacuum cleaner with his own hand, and this is probably forbidden. Products in contact with a person, passes Rospotrebnadzor, the sale of such a product is definitely not a legitimate transaction. But there is a refinement that can be useful on occasion. We'll tell you where to get the motor for a homemade vacuum cleaner, if you have an idea to assemble the device at home.

The device of a typical vacuum cleaner

The vacuum cleaner starts with the engine for at least 6000 rpm. It sounds weird, but like it will be removed from any centrifugal juicer. There is a difficulty: a number of motors are not designed for long-term work. The engine( collector) is taken from devices capable of long-term operation or equipped with overheating protection.

If there is no replacement for the engine from a juicer, it is necessary to equip it with a thermal fuse of 126 oC.Note that the copper cross section is selected based on the power dissipation, and not the fact that the specified temperature is suitable for the first available engine. But the region of 130 oC is an average range of values; most transformers and windings of electric motors are calculated on it. We believe that the principle of the vacuum cleaner implement:

1. Extractor motor with a centrifugal fan. Axial is not good, such a motor is in cheap models and is not capable of much.
2. The engine of the old vacuum cleaner.
3. Engine washing machine.
4. Refrigerator compressor engine.

As regards refrigerators, this is a controversial issue, since the rotation speed of the shaft varies greatly depending on the model. If you level on a typical vacuum cleaner, you need 6000 rpm. Old reciprocating compressors produce 3000 rpm if the mechanism is rocker. Crank engines will provide half the speed. And inverter linear compressors are not suitable for this purpose at all.

Inside the piston compressor there is an electric motor driving a piston group. If you cut the case and get the motor, it will serve various purposes. It is a powerful and quiet engine with low productivity. It is known that a piston compressor is able to develop a pressure of 20 atmospheres and above. We also need the rotation of the centrifugal fan to create a vacuum cleaner thrust. Plus the fact that refrigerators are often equipped with start-up relays that start the motor( asynchronous) and protect against combustion. From the above sources, these are the only asynchronous motors that operate quieter than the collector engines. Compare the refrigerator and vacuum cleaner where the last type is installed. Understand the difference.

Important! Asynchronous motors are suitable for solving small problems. Remove the room with him will not work. Power is not enough.

The reason for the rare use of asynchronous motors in the number of difficulties encountered. For example, the collector motor of the vacuum cleaner works from a 230 V outlet, if you do not need to adjust the speed. A pair of security features, and the apartment is clean. But the asynchronous motor is difficult to regulate the speed of rotation. We wondered why the new refrigerators come out with linear compressors. There is a coil, whose core performs translational motion faster or slower, but the asynchronous motor is not set, as there are a number of difficulties. Well, if you truncate the amplitude, it will not work economically.

Washing machines have a collector or synchronous motor, its speed is controlled via a thyristor key by cutting off part of the supply voltage pulse period or an inverter. If you connect the motor directly to the outlet, the speed will be maximized. The speed is lower than 6000( up to 1000), as a rule, if, of course, it is not worth the belt gear. In this case, the spin mode can end.

How to make the vacuum cleaner work

How to make a vacuum cleaner. In advertising they love the word vacuum. The engine allegedly creates a vacuum, where air is drawn. In fact, this is a publicity stunt, as with a negative pressure, a bypass valve is activated, restoring balance. In order to suck in the dust, it is necessary to design a hermetic case, thanks to it the flow of oxygen and nitrogen molecules will take the right direction. And there is no difference in the installed container. Vacuum cleaners use a centrifugal fan, not axial( which blows in the summer).

If you move along the path of the designers of real vacuum cleaners, you need a container, something like a steel or plastic bucket, with a hole in the bottom for air intake. The motor is mounted axially, and a kind of squirrel cage, which serves as an engine, is put on the shaft. Entering the center, the flow will be captured by the blades and thrown on the perimeter. Due to this, the desired thrust is created. Attach the hose to the bottom tightly, and we consider that the task to make the vacuum cleaner alone has almost been solved.

The speed is controlled by a thyristor circuit. You can cut the electronic part of the vacuum cleaner, washing machine, food processor. The cutting method is important, it depends on the engine a little. The key will also overheat. It is easy to understand whether it is suitable by comparing the power of the device, from where the circuit with the engine power is borrowed. If the thyristor is weak, try attaching a radiator to it, and there is already a forced cooling through the passing stream.

Container for homemade vacuum cleaner

The device vacuum cleaner without a container is not suitable. The choice is small, but the official designers are not much cleared:

• dust bag;
• water container;
• cyclone chamber.

We believe that filtering the bag is difficult, although, if the task is to remove the crumbs from the table, it is realistic to carry out our plans. We select the type of container, based on the type of garbage. For example, it is better to collect dust in a water filter or leave it in a cyclone chamber. Both types of containers are constructed relatively simply, and the device will become stationary. Good news for gardeners: you can hoist a similar vacuum cleaner on a cart and roll around the garden collecting leaves. Stationary and professional models are relatively expensive, so there is a reason to start designing.

It's easier to make a giant water tank that serves as an aqua-filter. This is an affordable solution; dust will sink. The inlet for the hose is made so that the flow crashes into the water barrier. A typical flat bottom box is two-thirds filled with water. From the top of the structure comes a partition hanging above the surface of the filter. As a result, the dust will remain on the water, and then it will be at the bottom. It is clear that periodically the device will have to be washed. Plus the use of the vessel for their own purposes, which means that the homemade vacuum cleaner is placed where it is needed.

It is clear that this construction is not suitable for a garden. Water weighs relatively much. That is replaced by air. Dyson did not work at all on creating Skynet. He studied serious technology and found that industrial air purification systems based on vortices will be useful in everyday life. But if the engineer set the task of creating compact vacuum cleaners, then we have no such task. We will put the barrel with the engine and the camera on the wheels, and we will remove the leaves. You may have to do this in a pair: one - moves the device, the second one leads with a hose.

The idea is clear, but in the homemade models we recommend a further move:

1. The air enters a high barrel tangentially.
2. Along the tank axis there is a vertical outlet pipe, up to two thirds of the height.
3. Garbage settles at the bottom, is carried to the periphery due to centrifugal force.
4. The air comes out in the center.

It is clear that the smallest particles will still penetrate to the engine, it is necessary to provide the output of the container with a purchased HEPA filter. We strongly do not recommend saving on this, as the benefit is doubtful, and you will not be able to cope with difficulties with engine lubrication. If the tank is without holes, then the water encountered on the way is likely to be in the barrel. But whether you need a water filter - decide for yourself. The advantage is that a similar leaf vacuum cleaner can have an unlimited capacity. Under certain conditions, it is possible to make universal. For example, cut the barrel to the diameter of a standard tank and, if necessary, equip a mobile van with a vacuum cleaner. There you will remove the whole parks, provided that the car freely passes through the territory.