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Not everyone is lucky enough to live in the Mediterranean. The fig tree is differently called fig tree or fig tree cultivation practiced in Europe since the 16th century. The benefits of the fruit, the healing composition of the leaves does not depend on the place of cultivation. As a houseplant, with proper care, figs look decorative and bear fruit twice a year.
Cultivation conditions of figs on the windowsill
When grown at home, adult figs in the summer period require abundant watering and spraying. If the plant lacks moisture, it can shed the foliage at any time of the year. When creating a humid microclimate around a tree, there is no reason for a spider mite to wound up - one of the main flower pests on the windowsill.
Plants of their subtropics must be provided for wintering. From November to January for the fig tree create a period of rest. He is satisfied in a bright cool place with a temperature below +15 degrees. There is no need for additional illumination, dressing at this time.
If the tree does not fall asleep, watering is reduced to it so that the leaves fall off. Watered the ground with slightly cool water at a temperature of 18 degrees.
Water the plant moderately so that the earth does not dry out. As buds began to swell, light and watering and feeding were required. It is necessary to create conditions for fast growing season. Two harvests per season can be harvested with good care for figs at home. The first time the fig tree blooms in March, bears fruit in June. The following berries ripen from early August to late September. In the summer, trees can be transshipped into the ground, they will be comfortable there, but in the fall they will need a larger pot.
A sign of the maturity of fruits is their softening and the release of nectar from the eyes. Maturation lasts 2-4 weeks.
Growing a fruit fig tree on a windowsill
How to grow figs at home? Several methods are used:
- harvest cuttings, begging a sprig from good friends;
- buy a seedling in a specialty store;
- use seed.
In any case, the first thing that is required is to pick up the dishes and the ground substrate. The soil is prepared from equal proportions of steamed, calcined ingredients:
- leaf humus;
- turf ground;
- peat;
- river sand, wood ash.
At the bottom of the bowl lay processed clay. Top sanding layer of sand. Not bad use on the surface of moss-sphagnum to regulate humidity.
The dishes for figs are selected initially small, but 5 years each year young plants are transplanted. You need to know that while the roots in the pot feel at ease, flowering is delayed. An adult tree needs 8 liters of substrate. Lives fig tree to 30 years.
Growing figs at home from cuttings is the most effective method, with preservation of parental properties. The stalk is taken only from the fruitful plant. The following varieties are considered to be the most adapted to indoor growing conditions:
- Shuya;
- Dalmatic;
- White Adriatic;
- Sochi -7;
- Black Pearl;
- Kadata;
- Seedling Ogloblin.
The stalk is selected with 3-4 buds, with a lower cut 2 cm below the peephole, and the upper cut 1 cm above. On the rooting part, the bark needs to be scratched with longitudinal strips to the cambium, this will accelerate the rooting. In the glass we pour the finished substrate interspersed with sphagnum, we moisten and immerse the cutting on the second bud. Pre-cutting handle root or heteroauxin.
For the formation of roots, we cover the top from above with a PET bottle cap, set it on diffused light, use up to 12 hours of lighting up. We observe how the figs grow. After 2-3 weeks, the first leaves will appear, it is necessary to do airing, accustoming the leaves to the air of the apartment, and spray it with warm defended water.
When the plant gets used to the surrounding air, it is gently rolled over into a liter pot with a substrate. Two weeks after transplantation, the fig tree is fed with nitrogen fertilizers or a composition for indoor plants.
Figs in small figs, the properties of the mother plant do not always inherit, not all germinate. But it happens, except from seeds, at home, figs can not be diluted. Seeds deepen into the soil by 2-3 cm, the soil is regularly moistened, the pots are covered from moisture evaporation and after 2-4 weeks sprouts appear, which are given to grow, and rooted in separate cups. Gradually changing the pots, seedlings are grown 4-5 years, until flowering. By this time, the young tree should already have large dishes, better a wooden box with a bucket of fertile land. Will the fig room fruitful, time will tell. But without the fruit the tree is very impressive and will live to 30 years. 
Top dressing for figs
During the growing season, both a growing and an adult plant need organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers. Every 2 weeks alternate compositions. A fig tree gratefully takes a mullein and a fermenting infusion of herbs - nettle, dandelion, biting midge. Once a season you need to give the plant an iron sulfate and an integrated composition with trace elements. Requires figs potash phosphate fertilizers. They can be made independently from bags, in packing for top dressing of seedlings of street plants.
Pest and disease control
From insect pests, you need to protect the tree from spider mites, or make 2 treatments in a week with the insecticide Actellic. Without chemistry, coping with the pest is difficult.
One common disease of the fungal type in figs is coral spotting. A sign of infection is the appearance of a reddish rash on the stem. All areas with affected shoots must be removed. Sections are treated with copper-containing preparations, and watering is carried out with a pink solution of potassium permanganate.
