Tomato is the most common crop in the world. According to statistics, the last 3 years, the global production of tomatoes has reached 150-160 million tons and does not fall below this level. Tomato paste, juice, ketchup, salads, snacks - unlimited range of use of this useful vegetable. The tomato is so rich in vitamins, minerals, trace elements that is one of the ten products in the world that are indispensable for the human body. In our article, we will consider an interesting variety of Roma and give its characteristics and description.
Contents
- History selection
- Description varieties and tomato characteristic of Roma
- merits and varieties disadvantages
- Farming equipment: especially growing tomatoes Roma
- Disease Control and Prevention
History selection
to breeders around the world allow you to create varieties of different crops with the universal or, conversely, with a particulardirectionality.
Tomatoes Roma is a group of tomato varieties bred by American breeders. They possess such universal qualities that they can be used in the
range from whole-canning to preparing thick tomato paste and ketchup.Roma F1 and Roma VF tomatoes were bred in the 1950s and are widely distributed in the USA, Mexico, Australia, and the United Kingdom.
Variety description and characteristic of tomato Roma
Roma tomato bushes are determinant, powerful, medium-sized - height reaches 60-70 cm .The best yield can be achieved when forming a bush in 1-2 stems.
Roma - mid-seasoned hybrid , the period of full ripening of the fruit from the moment of emergence until the fruits reach technical ripeness - 120-125 days .In the warm climate of the southern regions at ordinary temperatures, the crop has time to ripen in open ground or under temporary film shelter, in other regions - in greenhouses.
Fruit weight of tomato Roma - 60-90 grams The fruits of tomato variety Roma are cylindrical plum shaped( cream) with a pronounced sharp tip, red. The pulp is dense, fleshy, good taste. Fruits are well transported, they retain their taste for a long time, they are not too cracked, they do not crack during canning, they retain their taste and shape.
According to reviews of gardeners who grew this tomato, suitable for canning, long-term storage, freezing. Abroad from Roma tomatoes produce very tasty variety of pastes, sauces and ketchups, since this particular variety is very suitable for this.
The mass of fruits grown in open ground ranges from 60 to 90g , in greenhouses reaches 110g .The yield of the bush is quite high, but different sources give different indicators: from 6-8kg to 13-15kg per square meter.
Tomatoes of this variety react very poorly to high humidity : flowering plants are practically not pollinated, and the risk of fungal diseases rises sharply.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
So, to summarize all of the above. The obvious positive qualities of tomatoes Roma F1 and Roma VF include:
- determinant variety of bushes;
- long-term fruiting ;
- high yield ;
- universality of fruit application;
- good preservation for a long time;
- resistance to a specific range of diseases.
High yield and long-term fruiting - advantages of the grade . Among the shortcomings we can only mention:
- intolerance to high humidity and temperature differences ;
- susceptibility to fungal diseases and late blight.
Agrotechnika: features of growing Roma tomatoes
The general agrotechnical scheme of growing tomatoes in this variety is no different from any other varieties of mid-season tomatoes.
The preparation and sowing of seeds for seedlings produce in the second decade of March , two months before planting the finished seedlings into the ground.
Seeds are treated with a solution of manganese, then wrapped in a damp cloth and hardened in a refrigerator for 2-3 days( t + 2).Without drying, they are buried in a previously prepared fertilized soil to a depth of 1-1.5 cm, lightly moistened, covered with a film and put in a warm, well-lit place until the first shoots.
Diving and pinging seedlings produce after the appearance of 2 true leaflets. During the growth of seedlings need to monitor the maintenance of normal humidity, good and long light( 14 hours a day).You can spend 1-2 feeding with an interval of 10-15 days complex fertilizers, boric acid solution.
Seeds of Tomato Roma A week before planting in open ground, seedlings harden - for several hours they are taken out on a street or into a cold room every day.
The soil for seedlings is prepared in advance; it must be well fertilized and consist of 50% soil and 50% humus or peat.
Transplantation in open ground is done when seedlings reach two months of age( )( for all mid-season varieties) with a height of at least 20-25 cm and 8-10 true sheets, adhering to the 70x40 cm scheme. After about 10 days, when the seedlings take root, you can hold the first feeding.
As the bushes are of the determinant type, they need to be shaped in 1-2 stems, it is imperative to tie to vertical trellis for stability, to obtain a high yield.
Shrubs of Tomato Roma need to be formed in 1-2 stems. Throughout the growth, bushes form many side shoots, which also need to be staked. Watering Roma tomatoes should be regular, not too plentiful and always warm water.
Diseases and Prevention
Very easily infected with and, as already mentioned, fungal bacteria. An excellent prevention of these diseases is spraying the stems, leaves and ovary with a solution of boric acid or other means.
Tomatoes of Roma F1 and Roma VF varieties have a lot of advantages: good taste, keeping quality, unpretentiousness, high yield, very beautiful aesthetic appearance of fruits. The crop of culture will certainly please and reward for the efforts.
