Contents of the article:
Hyacinth is a bulbous plant that can be successfully grown in the garden and at home. Therefore, many amateur growers want to grow this flower on their windowsill to admire it even in winter, during the cold season. Such a desire is quite feasible. However, for the successful cultivation of hyacinth it is necessary to create the appropriate conditions, most reminiscent of the garden, and to ensure the proper care.
Preparing for the cultivation of hyacinth at home
To date, the breeders derived several dozen varieties of hyacinth. And most of them are suitable for growing at home. But in order to grow a strong and beautiful flower you need to prepare yourself:
- Selection of bulbs .First you need to select the appropriate material for planting. It is recommended to use bulbs with a diameter of at least 5 cm. Because it is easier to grow a full-grown plant from a large bulb. A small bulb can throw away the leaves, but never give flowers. In addition, it is necessary to make sure that it is dense, without rot and damage. And immediately before disembarking, it is desirable to treat it with a disinfectant solution.
- Choosing a pot .Then you must select the appropriate pot. It should be wide and shallow. In the pot must be present drainage holes.
- Soil Preparation .Soil can buy or prepare it yourself. To do this, mix in the same proportions turf, compost, leaf soil, humus and add a small amount of sand and peat.
When growing hyacinth at home, there is one caveat - this flower cannot bloom for several years in a row. Flowering is stimulated by artificial forcing, which weakens the bulbs. Therefore, after 1-2 years they need to be planted in the garden plot, so that they will go through the recovery period.
Planting and caring for hyacinths in indoor conditions
After preparing the necessary materials, you can start planting bulbs. Proper planting and care for hyacinths in ambient conditions include the following steps:
- The drainage layer is laid out at the bottom of the pot; claydite is well suited for this purpose.
- Cover a small layer of soil.
- Then put a thin layer of fine sand.
- Bulbs are placed on top of the sand. It is possible to plant one onion in a pot, or several, so that during flowering a whole bunch will form. In the latter case, the bulbs are laid out so that they are not in contact with each other and with the pot( the optimal distance is 2–3 cm).
- Onions gently pressed into the ground and covered with the remaining earth. Top soil can be sprinkled with a thin layer of sand to protect planting material from rotting.
The bulbs do not immerse completely in the soil, their tops must necessarily remain in the air.
Now the plants create a period of rest, so that the bulbs are well rooted. The pot is placed for 1.5–2.5 months in a dark and cool place, for example, in the basement. The air temperature in this room should be from +5 to +10 degrees. In the absence of a basement or cellar, flowers can be placed in the refrigerator. However, be sure to ensure that the temperature in it was not less than 5 degrees Celsius. During this period, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the soil to prevent it from drying out.
A dormant period is necessary for the successful cultivation of hyacinths in indoor conditions. If the plant is brought out earlier "into the light", it may still be weak, develop poorly and, as a result, do not bloom. Perederzhivat in the dark is also not recommended. The plant will throw away the leaves, all the power will go into them, and as a result the formation of buds will be delayed.
After the rooting of the hyacinth bulbs, an artificial spring is arranged; for this, the flowers are moved to the house. Here hyacinths should be in a bright room, with the recommended air temperature + 10-15 degrees.
As soon as the plant begins to bloom, it is transferred to the desired room, and placed away from radiators. To hyacinth long pleased the owners with luxurious luxurious flowers, the air temperature should be no higher than +20 degrees. In addition, it is necessary to eliminate the existence of drafts and provide the plant with good lighting.
How to care for hyacinth at home?
To grow lush, beautiful flowers, you need to take care of them. How to care for the hyacinth at home, so that it quickly began to blossom and for a long time pleased the owners with beautiful flowers?
Hyacinth care is relatively uncomplicated, and includes three essential components:
- watering;
- good lighting;
- fertilizer.
Watering. The basis of hyacinth care in the indoor environment is competent watering. The ground should be wet, so you need to carefully monitor that it does not dry out, and water the plant in a timely manner. This requirement is important during growth, flowering and during the wintering period. However, the stagnation of water for this plant is also destructive and can provoke a fungal infection. Therefore, you need to make sure that the excess water goes into the pan, and be sure to drain it from there.
During irrigation, you only need to moisten the soil, and make sure that the water does not fall on the buds, the bulb and the leaf bosoms. To do this, it is recommended to pour water into the edge of the pot, or pan.
Good lighting. From time to time it is necessary to turn the flower towards lighting with different sides. This contributes to the uniform growth of the plant. In the evening and on cloudy days, you can additionally highlight the plant with fluorescent lamps. With a lack of lighting the plant can wither, throw off the leaves and young buds.
Fertilizer. Hyacinths are recommended to be fed 2 times a month. For this purpose, special fertilizers are used, which are diluted according to the instructions.
Distillation of hyacinths at home
A nice feature of a hyacinth is the ability to combine its bloom with a specific period or holiday. To do this, the distillation of hyacinths at home. It is of three types:
- early - the bulbs are planted in October, and the hyacinth blooms by the New Year;
- medium - planting is carried out in November, and flowering occurs at the end of January - beginning of February;
- later - bulbs are planted in December - January and admire the flowers in March - April.
The period from planting to flowering averages 2.5–3 months.
For homemade hyacinths for home bulbs must pass through several stages of preparation with a gradual decrease in air temperature. After digging, they should be stored for 2 weeks in a warm and humid place with an air temperature of + 28-30 degrees. Then for 2 weeks they are placed in a cool room with a temperature of + 22-25 degrees. Further, for 2 weeks, even colder conditions are created - + 15-17 degrees. And after that the bulbs are ready for planting in the pot.
What to do after flowering hyacinth?
Like all flowering plants, a hyacinth will fade over time. What to do with hyacinth after flowering at home? To save his life, it is necessary to cut the flower stalks and do not stop watering and fertilize the plant until the leaves wither. At this time, the maternal bulb is restored and can form affiliated onions.
Then you need to remove the hyacinth from the ground, clean it from wilted leaves and put onion for 2–3 days to dry. If, after digging out the bulbs, the babies are already well developed, they can be separated. If they are badly detached, it is better not to touch them until next year. Since the faded bulbs are preferably not used for re-forcing, they are transplanted to the garden plot. Planting is carried out in the fall, and next year they will delight the owners with flowers in a flower bed.
To get the bulbs that can be used for growing in indoor conditions, the plant is not allowed to bloom properly. The buds are cut so that the bulb can recover. In the fall, it is taken out of the ground, dried, and the distillation procedure is again carried out.
The reproduction of hyacinths at home.
Hyacinth multiplies by babies( daughter bulbs), which are carefully detached from the adult bulb. Natural division occurs slowly, in one year the mother bulb can form a maximum of 4 children. Therefore, in horticulture using an artificial method of breeding hyacinths at home. In order to quickly get a large number of babies, special techniques are practiced - cutting and incising Donets.
Before starting artificial reproduction, the bulbs are treated with a 1% solution of potassium permanganate and dried at an air temperature of + 20–23 degrees for 2–3 days.
Cutting Donets .This technique is carried out after a rest period. A teaspoon in the bulbs is carefully cut out the bottom, then stored in boxes cut up at an air temperature of at least +21 degrees. After 2–3 months, small children in the amount of 20–40 pieces begin to form in sections.
After the appearance of the kids, the onion is planted in a cool greenhouse. Young onions begin to grow and throw away the first leaves. After the growing season, they are taken out of the ground, separated and planted for rearing. After 3-4 years, ripened bulbs throw out their first flower stalks.
Cutting Donets. This method is similar to the previous one, with the difference that the bottom is not cut, but 2–4 cuts are made in the depth of 0.5–0.6 cm. The processing and storage conditions are the same as in the first method. The number of babies with this method decreases( 8–15 pcs.), But they will be larger and stronger. The growing period in this case is reduced to 2-3 years.
The process of growing hyacinths at home is simple, but very fruitful. For its successful implementation, you need to have a great desire and a little patience. And, of course, follow all the rules and recommendations that relate to planting and caring for hyacinths in indoor conditions.
