DIY stucco: video, workshop

Exterior and interior walls are plastered to protect from the harmful effects of the environment and smooth the surface. Modern methods of plastering allow you to apply the finish so that the layer at the same time will serve as a decorative decoration of the interior or exterior. When applying a layer of plaster or starting putty on the surface of the material, a certain texture is created, then, using special technology, coloring is performed. Other techniques allow you to apply a finishing layer in the form of artistic figures that stand out against the general background. So how do you do it yourself? We will tell in this article (video at the end).

Decorative plaster

To make the work look perfect, you need to align the walls under the application of a layer of starting putty. Experienced craftsmen align not only the surface of the wall, but the corners and connecting lines of the walls with the floor and ceiling. To create a vertical angle of 90˚, use the building level and corner. The line for aligning the connection of the wall with the ceiling is applied using a beating (dyed thread), which serves as a guide to applying the thickness of the layer.

Surface preparation

Stages of preparatory work:

• tap the surface with a solid object (hammer) and reveal a weakly adhering coating; it is removed;
• paint, whitewash or wallpaper is completely removed from the rest of the area, the cracks are separately stitched;
• the wall is leveled with a starting mortar, while gluing a plaster plastic grid in places of the greatest thickness, if possible, then glue the entire area. This will prevent cracking of the layer during operation;
• sometimes it’s easier and faster to use drywall sheets that can be placed on the frame or glued to the surface using previously exposed beacons;
• primer the surface once with a weak solution (for deep absorption), a second time make the solution using the technology from the primer label (for fixing the surface).

Cooking composition

Ready dry mixes are purchased in the store, designed to smooth out wall irregularities, they are packaged in waterproof bags and require dilution with water to get started. There are also ready-made, already diluted mixtures on sale, which can be applied to the surface immediately after opening the plastic bucket. To save money, buy dry mixes, after several times of training, the mass is easily mixed with water with a nozzle on a drill like a whisk.

For the first time, a small amount of dry matter is diluted, since the resulting solution can dry quickly, so a large amount of solution is not prepared. To calculate the required number of bags, a preliminary calculation is used, which looks like this:

• for plastering with coarse-grained (starting) compounds per 1 sq. m. m with a thickness of 1 mm leaves 1.8–2 kg of dry matter, if you want to apply a thick layer, then the rate is multiplied by the thickness of the layer in millimeters;
• under the same conditions, the consumption of medium-grained material will be 1.5–1.7 kg per square, while the estimated layer thickness is also taken as 1.0 mm;
• 0.9–1.1 kg of the substance will be required to fill the layer with small dry mixtures 1 mm thick.

Water is poured into a clean container, then the mixture is poured (not vice versa), water is used at room temperature. For proper kneading, pour all the dry matter immediately, if the solution is thick, it is better to add a little water. It is worse to add a dry component to the liquid solution, since it is difficult to break lumps.

After stirring, wait about 1 minute and use the mixer again. Sometimes colored pigments are added directly to the finished solution or paint is applied to the finished layer.

Plastering the wall

After thoroughly preparing the wall and preparing the mortar, do-it-yourself decorative plastering is done, a video of the process can be seen below. The finished starting composition is recruited on a spatula and applied to the wall. Experienced craftsmen work with a large tool (60–80 cm), it is more convenient for them to smooth the surface. For those who are doing their own work for the first time, it is recommended to start with a spatula 45 cm long and additionally use a cape spatula whose width is 6-8 cm. They remove the excess solution from the handle of a large spatula and shift the mass closer to the edge of the working surface.

The thickness of the mortar layer on the wall is regulated during application, trying not to impose excess, but also not shaving so that surface defects will be visible. The job is to apply the entire mass at a time, since you need to have time to apply the drawing until the solution solidifies completely. During the plaster, a grid is applied, if it is in pieces, then glued with overlaps.

The method of obtaining a decorative pattern by grinding

They take an ordinary trowel and grind the surface until the mortar on the wall is completely set.. There are certain technologies for drawing a picture:

• The rain is obtained after rubbing the area with a plastic trowel with vertical movements (up and down), sometimes the direction of the rain threads is made oblique, for this movement is changed to inclined. To keep the rain strands straight, use marking with a thin masking tape.
• A decorative pattern of lamb is obtained after grinding the base with short circular movements, which will lead to a pattern resembling curls of lamb wool.
• There is also a technology of movements, which will result in a drawing of a carpet. To do this, select a small area and move the trowel first with vertical movements, then they are replaced by a horizontal direction.

If at one time it is not possible to make the entire wall, then the drawing is not done to the very border of the material applied today. After the plaster is done, the edges are joined in the next area, only after that the selected pattern is applied.

Application of the paint layer 

Before painting, the surface is sanded to smooth out too sharp transitions and defects, this is done after the solution has dried - after about a day. Sometimes thick layers do not dry out and look like dark spots, you need to wait until they dry completely. To accelerate, you can turn on the heat fans, directing the jet at a problem place. After sanding, before painting, the walls are treated with a layer of soil.

Usually the first layer of paint is darkened, the second is applied lighter, but after the first has completely dried. They are painted with a dark color, carefully filling all cavities and irregularities, using a brush for this. And the second one is laid so that only convex elements fall into the work area, and the depressions are not affected.

Textured plaster

Such dry mixes in bags or ready-made solutions in buckets are purchased in construction stores. Mixtures dry more slowly, so you can prepare a solution in a much larger container and treat the surface of the wall at a time.

Finish

Alignment of the walls is done with coarse-grained mixtures intended for large thicknesses, and the textured mixture is already applied on a flat surface with a layer of about 3 mm. The material is applied with a spatula. After applying the mass, without waiting for its setting, with the help of various devices apply a textured layer.

Options

To do this, use the following tools and devices:

• rollers;
• stamping stencils;
• spatulas and trowels;
• crumpled rags.

Each method requires a little training, so it’s better to try to cover the surface somewhere in an inconspicuous place. It is convenient to work with a roller, as with its textured sides you can apply a small and large pattern. Difficulty lies in wait for the master, who decided to make such an invoice with his own hands, in that when the roller moves structural putty is pulled together with a thin layer in the direction of travel - at the end of the work an unexpected thick layer is obtained material.

To avoid such a nuisance, the wall before applying the textured mass is divided into stripes or squares using masking tape with a width of 3 to 5 centimeters. The plaster is applied into the space between the tapes, then treated with a roller, while the excess mass is on the tape. The strips are removed, after the total area has dried, they fill the depressions and again pass with a roller. Sometimes even squares, rhombuses or stripes look profitable and without filling, creating a kind of decorative composition.

It is more convenient to work with dies: they are imprinted on the soft surface of the layer with a selected frequency, while observing the depth of indentation. Ready-made stamps can be bought at the store or made by yourself, embodying an idea that had been invented in advance. After drying the material with a spatula and a grater, unsuccessful and protruding elements are removed, and then the surface is primed before painting.

You can use various materials at your fingertips, for example, for example, an old rag is wound onto a roller and passes through the area. It turns out a peculiar pattern that mimics the surface of marble veins, only convex. After a short pass, do not forget to clean the roller from the accumulated putty and change the rag.

Painting of the surface with a textured pattern is done after the layer has dried, the correction of the unsuccessful bulges, the required primer. They paint the entire surface with one color, irregularities give a shadow, the texture is emphasized in a favorable color. Sometimes two-color coloring is used on the principle of dark depressions and surface tinting of convex elements. Layers are applied at intervals necessary for the previous to dry.

How to make curly art plaster

To perform such a drawing, you need to evaluate the selected design of the room and decide on the placement of the art drawing. Some types of interior design do not include stucco molding (which, in essence, is artistic stucco finish). But art drawings on the walls will decorate any room in the classical style, baroque, rococo and other interiors.

The solution is applied to the surface of a wall or ceiling in several ways:

• through the stencil;
• construction tools;
• using hands.

Screen printing

If the performer of artistic plaster with his own hands can not independently apply the drawing to the wall, then apply stencils that are made of plywood, hardboard, particleboard, MDF, OSB and other residues of building materials having thickness. In the plane of the material, a pattern or repeating elements are cut out, which will then be applied to the wall area.

The stencil is neatly mounted on the surface. If the sheet thickness is small, then you can use adhesive tape, but more often after applying putty, the device begins to shift under the weight and spoil the picture. Fixing adhesive is recommended. Putty is applied with an even layer inside the drawing, trying not to impose excess material on the body of the stencil.

The greater the thickness of the stencil, the stronger the pattern will protrude above the surface of the wall. The device is removed carefully, without damaging the edges of the picture. If this happened, then using a soft putty, you can correct the picture with a thin spatula, fingers or a brush. The painting is stained according to the intended palette, including the imagination of the master.

Application with construction tools

This option provides for massive overlaying and shaping of the image with the help of spatulas, trowels or craftsmen. They make an artistic image with their own hands and decorate in accordance with the chosen design decision of the entire interior.

How to cover with hands

The stucco molding requires an initial level of skill from the performer. Putty is applied to the wall with the help of hands, then any shape is formed from it directly on the square. Often the corners in the room are decorated with decorative branches, curly leaves, and window and door slopes are also decorated. In the nursery on the walls and ceiling, you can depict your favorite heroes of fairy tales and cartoons, make a flower wall.

Drawings are done on a smooth background or placed on plaster. Sometimes, to complete the composition, the picture is framed with an art frame made of a ready-made foam plastic frieze, then you get a real picture on the wall, made by yourself.

Do-it-yourself home repairs are always a matter of pride for the owner and his household, and the creative process itself sets the person up for good deeds and achievements. Decorative, textured and artistic plaster will unite close people even more and become the basis of coziness and comfort in the house.

Video: how to make decorative plaster of putty with your own bunches