Types of faecal pumps: how to choose a good unit

Units for pumping sewage and other liquids with a high level of pollution sooner or later have to buy residents of private houses, and in the country such equipment will be very useful.

In this article we will look at different types of faecal pumps, which have their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. You should be aware of them and take into account when choosing a suitable model. Following our advice, you can choose a quality device for your needs.

Fecal Pump Types

The fecal pump is a high throughput equipment designed for pumping viscous liquids with suspended large particles. This type of equipment is of several types, depending on the design, principle of operation and method of installation. Different scope of all types of units.

Scope of sewage pumping units

The scope of fecal pumps is quite wide. In agriculture, they are commonly used for pumping manure from livestock farms. Still such equipment is needed to regulate the water level in storm sewers, pumping flooded premises, basements, large tanks and tanks.

In private construction, pumps are needed to set up a sewer system. For normal movement of waste fecal water through the pipeline, it is necessary to observe a slope of at least 3%. Not always the opportunity.

You can make an additional storage tank and connect it with the main septic tank with the help of injection equipment for these purposes. This greatly expands the possibilities when planning the bathrooms in the house.

And if the sewage system on your site involves the usual cesspool, you will often be faced with the need to clean it. The call of the nightman, and a regular one, will cost you a pretty penny, and by purchasing a simple sewage pump for a cesspool, you will be able to pump out fecal matter yourself.

But it is not necessary to associate the fecal pump only with waste. Even with the help of such equipment you can pump water directly from a natural pond, river or lake, for example. Algae and trash can not disable it.

The happy owners of an artificial pond around the house understand that in order to keep the pond clean, it must be periodically cleaned and, therefore, drained. To guarantee the perfect purity of the water in the pond by the end of the season no one will undertake, so an ordinary pump is not always appropriate in this situation.

In order not to harm the equipment, apply a more reliable and durable fecal pump.

Features of using pumping equipment

To work in extreme conditions that fecal pumps have to cope with, they must be made of durable materials that are resistant to aggressive media.

The housing of fecal pumps of different types can be made of such durable materials:

• stainless steel;
• bronze;
• cast iron;
• steel;
• thermoplastic.

Another important detail is temperature. The fact is that not all types of fecal sewage pumps are able to cope with fluids of hot temperature (above 40 degrees).

This is due to the fact that in some models the pumped liquid is also partly cooling for the engine. Of course, if the water is too hot, it stops performing this function and the unit will soon overheat.

In addition, the contents of the cesspool can not be called homogeneous. They often come across organic fiber inclusions, hygiene items, paper, and so on.

In order to easily pump such liquids, faecal pumps are equipped with an additional device - a grinder.

The pump for the sewage without a grinder is called drainage. It is similar to faecal according to the principle of operation, but cannot work with a liquid in which large particles are suspended. We advise you to read the criteria selection of drainage pump.

If the particles are smaller than 30 mm in size, theoretically, the sewage unit without a shredder will cope with this task. Usually in domestic conditions such set for pumping water from baths, pools.

In order not to worry every time that something will fall into the pump and break it, it’s better and more practical to take model with a grinder - for warranty.

As a rule, domestic sewage pumps, which are bought for pumping cesspools, do not need increased temperature resistance of the equipment. If the device will pump water from a bath, a sink, or participate in some technological processes associated with high temperatures, this feature of the equipment will need to be taken into account.

Varieties in design and labeling

Depending on the design of the mechanism, they distinguish the following types of household and industrial faecal pumps:

• waste mass;
• waste-mass free-vortex;
• waste dynamic;
• fecal mud;
• fecal monoblock.

The sewage pumps are marked CM. This is a type of horizontal equipment with a cantilevered shaft. As a rule, one wheel of the closed type is used. Dirty water flows through the cast-iron housing and moves in the right direction under the action of centrifugal force.

The free-vortex view of faecal pumps (SMS) is characterized by an open wheel type. Body material and type of shaft fastening are the same as in CM. If necessary, the equipment can be removed without disassembling the pipeline and without removing the electric motor.

Sewage-dynamic faecal pumps can be of two types: horizontal and vertical (SD and SDV, respectively). The body, as a rule, is made of gray cast iron. This type of equipment is equipped with one closed-type centrifugal wheel.

These are the units with SD marking that are most often used by public utilities for sewage pumping out.

Fecal-mud pumps (FGP and FGS - submersible and stationary respectively) are equipped with an open centrifugal wheel. Withstand temperatures up to 55 degrees and have wide openings for the free passage of foreign inclusions.

In the agricultural sector, livestock farms and poultry farms use monoblock fecal pumps with an asynchronous motor (CMF). This type of equipment has an integrated electric motor. The motor is completely sealed and in no way in contact with the manure.

The main types of installation method

To choose the type of equipment that suits you, it is not necessary to delve into the subtleties of work. motor and calculate the necessary force of the impeller impact on the contents of the septic tank or cesspit. At the household level, simply select the desired type depending on the installation method.

Submersible, semi-submersible and surface fecal pumps are distinguished. Separately among these species is the sewer system for toilets.

View # 1 - submersible pump for sump

Submersible view of faecal pumps is great for pumping out the sump in the country or in a country house. The unit is mounted on the bottom of the tank, it is completely in the water, and therefore has this name. It is easy to operate, quite productive and inexpensive type of equipment for pumping feces.

Since this type involves cooling the engine directly pumped mass, it is not suitable for liquids with temperatures above 40 degrees.

In this case, the pump can not work for a long time on a dry run. To prevent such a situation, the unit is equipped with a special circuit breaker. It works on the float principle. When the liquid level is approaching a critical level, the emergency power off is triggered.

The main disadvantage of submersible-type fecal pumps is the complexity of the installation. Since the bottom of the septic tank at the time of installation of the unit is covered with dirty drains, to install the equipment without staining your hands will not work.

The installation process is as follows:

1. At the bottom of the pit mount pipe, which will subsequently be fixed unit.
2. Special guides are attached to the nozzle - the unit will move along them to the place of installation.
3. The equipment is connected to a strong cable or steel chain.
4. The tension of the cable is relaxed and the equipment is immersed in the fluid along the guides.
5. When the unit has reached the bottom, it is put on the pre-mounted pipe. Fixation is carried out under the action of gravity.

After proper installation, if necessary, to remove the pump from the pit for repair or on another occasion, it is easy to do with a fixed cable. It is the submersible view that is equipped with shredders, since it is technically difficult to install it on other models.

Recommendations for choosing the best fecal pump for the sump, we reviewed here.

View # 2 - semi-submersible device for pumping wastewater

A less common type of faecal pumps for pumping wastewater in private households is semi-submersible. This type involves the immersion of the suction pipe in a liquid, while the engine of the unit is located on a special platform above the water.

The motor part of the unit is always above the water surface due to the static base platform. This greatly facilitates the maintenance of equipment, its repair and maintenance.

The automatic system of switching on the device starts the discharge when the liquid reaches a certain level. Similarly, by reducing the height of the wastewater, the system shuts down.

This type of equipment is not equipped with shredders, therefore very polluted water with large inclusions larger than 15 mm is contraindicated for such an instrument.

Semi-submersible pumps are not necessarily made of cast iron or stainless steel, since they do not collide with aggressive media as tightly as submersible ones. The case of cheaper materials allows significant savings to manufacturers. Of course, this is reflected in the price of the finished product.

View # 3 - surface or exterior view of pumps

The surface view of the fecal pumps is a unit that is located near the pumped tank or pit, and only the suction hose is in contact with the sewage.

This design has a number of significant advantages, which caused the high popularity of this type of equipment:

• mobility;
• compactness;
• low cost;
• easy installation and operation;
• unhindered access to the mechanism for maintenance.

Surface pumps are made of materials simpler, since contact with dirty liquids is short-lived. It is simple to move, connect, mount and repair this type of equipment and does not require any special techniques.

Of the disadvantages of outdoor units emit:

• low power;
• relatively low bandwidth;
• air temperature limit;
• untight casing.

There is a distance from the pump’s pumping mechanism to the pumped liquid, sometimes quite large. The relatively low power of the equipment is due to the design features and the principle of operation of this type of unit. It is advisable to avoid liquids interspersed larger than 5 mm.

Since at negative temperatures water can freeze directly in the pipeline or the surface pump housing, its use in frost is not allowed. If such a need arises, the equipment is placed indoors or a special caisson is arranged.

View # 4 - forced sewage system for plumbing

The system of forced sewage acts on the same principle as other fecal pumps, but installs it not in a septic tank, but directly behind the toilet.

This equipment is a centrifugal grinder pump. It is used when the gravity flow scheme of the sewer pipeline is impossible or difficult to implement.

The grinder turns waste into a homogeneous mass, and the pump directs them in the right direction. To create the required pressure, sewer pipes with a diameter of up to 40 mm are used. A check valve and a carbon filter protect the room from possible unpleasant odors.

For different plumbing devices, there are different types of sewage aggregates. Power is supplied from a conventional 220V outlet.

How to choose a unit for your needs?

When you are familiar with existing types of faecal pumps, you are faced with the question of what to look for when choosing? If we consider a few basic parameters, pay attention to the manufacturer and the cost equipment, you can choose the right unit for any need - for pumping water from the pool, basement and stuff. Fortunately, the choice on the market is big.

If you need a pump to pump water from a pond or other reservoir, go by this link and see the ranking of the best models and tips on choosing.

The main characteristic that determines the quality of the fecal pump is performance. It shows how much wastewater can pump equipment per unit of time. In order to choose the required value for servicing a private house, it is necessary to calculate the speed with which waste is collected in the pit and how much it will need to be pumped out at a time.

As a rule, this indicator is measured in m3 / hour and ranges from 5 to 48 cubes per hour for models of industrial design. Low-performance models are suitable for domestic use. An average of 10-12 cubic meters per hour would be the best option for the home.

If you need a pump to give, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the most suitable types and manufacturers equipment for pumping fecal masses.

Another parameter that is of great importance when choosing is the size of permissible particles. Again, initially you need to analyze the material with which the equipment will have to work. If you cannot find the model you need, look for options with a shredder. They are the most suitable for the cesspool.

If the equipment is immersed, consider the allowable immersion depth. Compare it with the depth of your septic tank and make a choice based on these values. Pay attention to the power of the motor. Models from 0.25 kW (for drainage pumps) and up to 4 kW (for industrial units) are presented.

It is also worth measuring in meters the distance from the installation site to the point of transportation of fecal matter. They take into account the indicator both horizontally and vertically, because with a slope the pump will have to do more work than in normal conditions.

Additional functionality in the form of a remote control or an automatic on-off system of the electric motor is selected at the request of the customer. Of course, all these "chips" increase the cost of the device.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Information about the work of different fecal pumps, presented in video clips, will help determine the choice.

You can see how the chopper of the submersible pumping unit works on this video:

And this video is about how to pump out the drain hole using a submersible device:

As you can see, the choice of such necessary equipment for a country house as a fecal pump is not such a simple task. The variety of species and subspecies can confuse anyone. After reviewing each of them and finding out its features, you can choose a suitable model for domestic use.

In the process of selecting the appropriate model of fecal pump, you have additional questions? Ask them below under our article - our experts and owners of such equipment will try to clarify the situation.

Or maybe you use a fecal pump in the country and want to share the experience with newcomers? Write your opinion about the device, tell us about the pros and cons of your model.