Types of gas burners for heating furnaces + an overview of the technology for installing a burner in a furnace

Converting a brick or metal stove to gas processing is a difficult process that requires a serious analysis of all components. It is imperative to find out which types of stove gas burners are ideal and which are not worth installing. After all, the result must meet exactly your requirements.

It would seem that the choice of the model can be entrusted to the gas workers, who can also be entrusted with the alteration of the burner block and the installation of the burner itself. But where is the guarantee that the equipment that you will be offered to install will have the necessary operating parameters and the desired functionality?

In this article we will tell you how to independently understand the types of gas burners, in the basic rules for them installation and operation, so that you can consciously choose which device to install in the heating bake.

Pros and cons of using a burner for heating

A gas burner is a device that, by mixing air with natural or liquefied gas and supplying the mixture to the outlet, forms a torch and distributes the flame. It ensures efficient combustion of fuel and regulation of the combustion process.

Advantages of using gas burners for heating furnaces:

• Ease of use. Gas burners greatly simplify the process of heating furnaces, eliminating the need to prepare solid fuel and constantly maintain combustion.
• Controllability of the heating process. Simple models, without automation, must be turned off on their own as soon as the temperature reaches the required level, leaving only the wick lit. Burners with a control panel make life much easier by setting the temperature more precisely.
• Security. Automatic nozzles have overheating protection functions, cut off the gas supply in case of poor draft or lack of flame.
• Minimal pollution of the chimney. A planned audit of the chimney is carried out once a year, more for prevention - little soot is formed from the combustion of gases.

The transition from solid fuel equipment to heating with gas burners greatly simplifies life, freeing up a lot of time for more interesting and useful activities.

The main disadvantage of re-equipping the stove by installing a gas block is not too high energy efficiency. High fuel consumption is especially felt if gas heating system in a country house is designed by an amateur.

In addition, it is not always possible to obtain permission to install a gas burner - if the stove is outdated, a chimney of an incorrect design or the parameters of the room do not comply with fire regulations security.

Gas burner selection: types and characteristics

The main elements of a gas burner are a mixer and a burner head with a device that stabilizes the flame. Depending on the purpose, the models differ in design.

When choosing a gas burner for installation in an oven, pay attention to the following characteristics:

• coefficient of performance (efficiency);
• heating device power;
• energy efficiency;
• flame length;
• security;
• optionality.

The operating parameters of a gas burner must take into account the chemical composition of the fuel, the purpose and characteristics of the room, the conditions of use - a house or a bath, industrial furnace or homemade wood burning, for constant or periodic heating, etc. The technical data sheet for the burner indicates the scope of application of the device.

Types of stove gas burners for home or bath

More thoroughly, the device and principle of operation of gas burners for household heating stoves should be studied, separately considering two main types of equipment - atmospheric and pressurized options. They are distinguished by the method and speed of mixing gas with air.

Atmospheric gas burners

The design of the atmospheric burner device is simple, and consists of one or more hollow tubes into which gas is supplied under pressure. The gas, mixing with air coming directly from the room, forms a fuel-air mixture and is ignited using a piezo ignition or electric lighters.

For normal operation of an atmospheric gas burner, it is necessary to provide a good draft, an effective ventilation system. The main disadvantage of the device is that any change in the movement of air leads to changes in the proportion of the gas-air mixture, and therefore to an uneven combustion process.

With a lack of oxygen, the burner does not completely burn the gas, which leads to the release of a significant part of the unused fuel into the atmosphere through chimneyserving a heating unit.

Pressurized gas burners

Pressurized gas burners or, as they are also called, blowing, fan, blowing are devices where gas is mixed with air using a fan, the gas-air mixture enters the closed chamber and there burns out.

The operation of the nozzles of a gas burner installed in a closed combustion chamber depends little on the state of the atmosphere in the room. The air flow rate is regulated by changing the fan speed.

High-quality air supply and mixing with gas ensures more complete fuel combustion. Pressurized burners are on average twice as efficient as atmospheric equipment - their efficiency is 95–98%. The equipment works stably even at low gas pressure and does not require the installation of a bulky chimney.

Instead of a standard chimney system, it is paired with a blower burner. coaxial chimney, which can be taken out into the street through the wall located next to the stove.

The main disadvantage of the device is its dependence on an energy source, a high noise level, and a higher price than that of atmospheric burners. But short-flame models of fan gas burners can be installed in wood-burning stoves. The main application condition, in this case, is that the flame should not rest against the walls of the furnace.

In fact, there are many more ways to supply air and gas to burners. For installation in a home oven, there is no need to study everything, since only a few of them are used in the manufacture of small household appliances.

Having decided on the type of gas burner, you can continue to study the features of individual models, their functionality.

Differences in the way of power control

The ability to adjust the thermal power of the burner plays an important role in organizing the heating process of the room. This is especially true for those houses where permanent residence is planned.

From the point of view of controllability, furnace gas burners can be divided into two categories:

• Single stage. The gas supply to the injector is carried out without the possibility of influencing the power. If the device is automated, the burner will turn off when a certain temperature level is reached, and then turn on again when the room gets cooler.
• Two-stage. Two modes of combustion, normal and economical, are automatically regulated and allow you to maintain a more or less stable temperature in the room. Fewer switching on and off reduces wear on parts, extends the life of the device.

Two-stage devices are divided into floating or modulated models. The power can be changed from 10 to 100% or more, and precisely set a comfortable temperature in the house. The gas burner device can be with an automatic type of regulation, mechanical or pneumatic.

The ability to regulate the heat output allows not only to set the optimal temperature regime, but also to save energy. For example, fuel savings when using a modulated gas burner reaches 15-20%.

Additional design possibilities

In order not to use lighters or wicks to ignite the furnace, the design of a gas burner provides for two methods of ignition:

• electric ignition - connection to the mains is required;
• piezo ignition - used in simpler burner models and does not require power supply.

The installation of special sensors that monitor the oxygen level can detect flame attenuation and turn off the fuel supply. This function protects against gas leakage and an emergency.

Some models of equipment assume operation not only with natural and liquefied gas, but also with diesel fuel. When choosing such models, pay attention to how easily and quickly such a transition is made.

Safety rules for the use of burners

Non-observance of precautions when installing and using gas burners for heating premises can lead to emergencies and accidents: fire in the house, carbon monoxide poisoning gases.

When operating gas equipment, you should adhere to the following rules:

• Observe the service life. The burner can be used for 8 to 15 years, depending on the model. Then it must be replaced.
• Use models with the function of automatic shutdown of the device in the absence of draft or flame.
• A stove equipped with gas burners must meet safety requirements.

The design, installation or repair of the gas burner must be carried out by certified gas service personnel with whom contract signed for the supply of fuel and maintenance of units.

In order to obtain permission to install and connect to the main gas network, a number of conditions must be met:

• compliance with the rules for connecting a gas burner;
• appropriate design of the smoke channel, its high-quality insulation;
• installation of a spark arrester at the top of the chimney.

This is the minimum number of requirements for the installation of gas blast burners.

For atmospheric, additional requirements are imposed:

• the presence of adjustable traction;
• providing good ventilation;
• the volume of the room in which the gas burner device is installed, from 12 m³.

In case of transfer of equipment to use of liquefied gas it is necessary to ensure the safe storage of the gas cylinder. It can be a separate room or a metal cabinet. If it is planned to store gas reserves in a gas tank, then the tank is installed underground at a distance of at least 5 m from the building.

Installation of a gas burner in a heating furnace

We remind you that it is forbidden to install gas equipment yourself. Nevertheless, it will not hurt to get acquainted with the nuances of installing a gas burner in the oven.

So, the installation of a gas burner is permissible in furnaces in which the length, shape, nature and temperature of the flame can be adapted to the nature of the material of the combustion chamber. The flame should not touch the walls, but be freely located in the combustion space. If it is a brick wall, then the firebox must be lined with refractory bricks.

Before installation, the walls of the stove are checked for cracks, voids, unsealed seams, through which combustion products can enter the room. The room into which the firebox door opens must have an openable window, a ventilation duct and a gap in the door for air intake from below.

Gas burners of any type are characterized by the creation of high temperatures - more than 1000 ° C in the combustion chamber. When installing the gas burner in the oven, make sure that the flame does not touch the walls.

The installation process itself is not complicated and is carried out in the following sequence:

1. Remove the firebox door.
2. A burner is placed in the combustion space.
3. The shield is reinforced in the door frame.
4. Connect the automation according to the manufacturer's instructions.

At the end of the installation, connect the burner to a hose, the other end of which is connected to a gas source.

The system is launched by a master from the gas service, he checks the operation of the injectors, the system automatic adjustment and safety, configures and tests the triggering of sensors.

Another step is to audit the tightness of all joints, the presence of traction. After a successful start of the system, the gas operator must issue a completed control coupon for the installation of the burner.

When starting heating, you must first select the minimum heat output, heating the stove continuously and little by little, or, if there is no power regulation, cyclically, turning the burner on and off. This is especially important for a brick oven - strong continuous heating of a cooled brick can lead to its cracking.

General rules for installing a chimney for a stove

Another condition for the normal operation of a gas stove is a chimney device. For gas-fired ovens, the flue ducts must be vertical, without ledges. The chimney design of a wood-burning stove is often not suitable for the removal of combustion gases.

You can convert the old chimney by sleeving. Modernization options:

• Installation of stainless steel pipes in the chimney. In this case, the diameter and height of the pipe should be selected corresponding to the characteristics of the chimney. The gap between the walls of the chimney and the pipes is filled with a non-combustible heat-insulating material such as expanded clay, foam glass.
• FuranFlex technology application. The method consists in placing an elastic polymer pipe inside the channel, which, under pressure, takes its shape and hardens. The protective layer is used for insulation, sealing and internal protection of the chimney.

If none of the chimney alteration options work, you will have to install a new one. Depending on the location of the stove, there are two options for the chimney device: external attached or internal.

The influence of the characteristics of the chimney on the safety of heating is such that the authorities will definitely check it Fire supervision with the subsequent issuance of a written act, without which the equipment for gas networks is not connect.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Installation of a gas burner with automation in the furnace:

General information on the operation of gas burners:

When studying the variety of models and functions of gas burners for stoves, special attention must be paid to safety.

Any actions related to design and installation must be coordinated with the gas supplying organization, and the installation must be entrusted to an experienced master. It is also better to consult with gas workers before purchasing a gas burner.

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