Each horticulturist understands that after fruiting, at the end of summer - early autumn, fruit trees need rest, pruning, restoration of forces for the coming wintering. To help them to gain strength for the future harvest is the task of people, but you need to know exactly which top dressing and when to make the best for plums in the soil in autumn, so as not to harm the garden crops.
.Table of contents
- What is the autumn plum for fertilization?
- Timing to fertilize in autumn
- How to feed the plum in the autumn
- Organic Fertilizers
- Wood Ash
- Potassium-phosphoric
- Superphosphates
- Dolomite flour
What is the autumn plum for fertilization?
The fructification of trees directly depends on adequate care and nutrition. During the spring-summer period, the tree is depleted, giving all its strength to the harvest, and therefore the autumn feedingnecessaryand is the guarantee of the next year's harvest. Plum is not an exception to the general rule, it also requires a number of important nutritional elements.
That the bushwell overwintered, has kept as many eyes as possible, it is necessary to introduce a complex of necessary substances from autumn. If this is not done, with spring top dressing you can be late - the tree will not survive the winter and may lose some of the fruit-bearing branches.
Timing to fertilize in autumn
When is it best to apply fertilizers, and which ones? First of all, it should be noted that if the sink was planted according to all rules and during the landing the necessary substances were introduced,the first three yearsyoung seedlingyou do not need to feed.
If the tree is already fructifying, then you need to fertilizeEvery year. All that is brought under the tree, is located in the circumferential holes, radius, meter, and around the young seedlings - a ring, having deviated from the stem 15-25 cm.
In order for the root system to master all the useful substances, it is necessary to feeda month before the onset of cold weather.
.How to feed the plum in the autumn
Organic Fertilizers
Fruit-bearing plums and young seedlings that have reached the age of three must first of all be provided with a sufficient amount of organic fertilizers -repelled manure, compost. They favorably affect both the soil structure and the tree itself:
- well nourish the root system, restore its vitality;
- have a beneficial effect on growth;
- contribute to increased yields;
- prevent soil mineralization, keeping the structure "alive" and loose.
Fresh manure can not be used in the autumn season, and the overgrown (humus) is distributed around the trunk at the rate of7-8kg / 1kv.m, soilloosened by 15-20 cm. Pig manure and bird droppings should be postponed until the spring, as they contain a large amount of nitrogen.
Very often recommend the same area along with humus to make urea - no more than 20g, since the overgrazed manure loses most of the nitrogen.
Wood Ash
Usual ash, especially from the burning of hardwoods, straw is the cheapest balanced mineral fertilizer.
.For 1 square meter is enough250g of ash. Reduce the acidity, and significantly increase the yield of plums will help to apply a mixture - 1 bucket of humus + 1 cup of cannula (lime) evenly spread around the tree, loosen the soil and water.
Potassium-phosphoric
Potassium is necessary for the sink precisely for the winter, sincepromotes the removal of liquids, thereby increasing frost resistance. It is also abundant in manure with pereprevshey straw mat, you can make and in pure form, diluting with water at a rate of 30 g per 1 sq. M.
Phosphorus plum should be in time to save enough until the next harvest, so in the fall it is necessary to make it. This micronutrientstrengthens the root systemand promotes the accumulation of sugar and protein in woody juice. To do this, use bone meal - 50g / 1kv.m.
Superphosphates
These fertilizers contain several useful elements needed for plums in the fall:phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, the permissible amount of nitrogen. They are also convenient because they are easily dissolved in water and are introduced as a liquid fertilizing: dilute 250-300 g in 10 l, make a calculation of 60 g / 1kv.m. The dose of superphosphate is reduced by half.
Together with phosphate fertilizer can be madecalimagnesia- 100-120g for each tree. Potassium and magnesium contribute to the normal development of young shoots and fruits. About the lack of elements will tell the red-brown color of the leaves of the plum.
Calcium is necessary for a tree to develop and grow the root system. In superphosphate fertilizer it contains a sufficient amount. On acidic soils, it can be used as an independent additional fertilizer, as it contributes to the balanced accumulation in the soil of iron and manganese, the main sources of the oxidation process.
Sulfate, nitrate or calcium chloridediluted with water in an amount of 25 g / 10 l. By the way, if you used lime to deoxidize the soil, this too will be enough (because lime is calcium carbonate).
To protect the plum from fungal infections and other diseases, you need to energize itiron. Foliar top dressing will be most effective - you just need to sprinkle with iron sulfate solution.
Dolomite flour
Dolomite flour is added together with lime-pulverized or ash. She's wellreduces soil acidity, supplies a lot of calcium and magnesium.
The state of the tree will tell you what is necessary for it. Under the young trees in autumn, you can only make organic, and the rest - gradually, in the form of one-time feeding. Under adult plums, up to three components are added with compost or humus. The soil must be well loosened and watered abundantly. After that, the ground around the tree is mulched.
After such preparation your trees will be protected all winter and will give a fine crop next year.
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