High humidity is a characteristic feature of rooms with artificial reservoirs, associated with intense evaporation of water. Moisture condenses abundantly on the walls, glazing, handrails, and ceiling.
Condensate creates the conditions for the resettlement of harmful microorganisms, destroys building structures. Competently selected dehumidifiers for pools will help to eliminate the negative effects of excess moisture. We will tell you how to choose the right drying equipment, we will acquaint you with typical installation diagrams.
The content of the article:
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The specificity of the classification of dryers
- Division according to the principle of action
- Design and installation differences
- Typical layout schemes
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Features of the installation of driers
- Installation of monoblock wall model
- The construction of the channel modular system
- Design and calculations for the selection of equipment
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
The specificity of the classification of dryers
Air conditioning systems designed to create an optimal microclimate in private pools do not cope with the task of eliminating excess moisture.
Even equipped with a similar function, air conditioners are not able to fully get rid of the room from water floating in the air and deposited on surfaces. Solve the problem can only dehumidifiers, working independently or in a pair of ventilation.
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Equipment for dehumidifying air in the pool is used to form a comfortable level of humidity and a favorable microclimate.
The use of dehumidifiers helps prevent the emergence of fungal colonies and the spread of bacteria in a room with a characteristic high humidity.
Dehumidification prevents premature deterioration and deterioration of building structures and finishing materials.
Performing the main work, dehumidifiers can heat and clean the air flow.
In hot weather, air dehumidification equipment may cool air mass.
Devices for drying air in the pools fits perfectly into the interior picture
Monoblock units mounted on the wall or installed on the floor, they occupy a minimum of space, do not interfere with the movement
Equipment for channel driers are placed in separate boxes. Only channels with air intake grills are located in the hall.
The purpose of the use of air dryers
Means against the settling of bacteria
Protection of structures and materials
Passing air treatment
Additional functions in the heat
Dehumidifiers in the interior of the pool
Monoblock type in the swimming pool
The use of channel driers
Division according to the principle of action
In the fight against excess moisture, two methods were traditionally used:
- Heated supply air. Supplied with a ventilation system or air heating the air is preheated, reducing the moisture content and increasing the moisture content. The pairs prepared in such a way for assimilation are connected with the air flow and are removed along with it outside the room.
- Adsorption. Over-humidified air is sucked into the device with adsorbing filler, for example, silica gel. The substance absorbs excess moisture, which is then removed from it by calcination.
Both methods are difficult to classify as economical. In the first case, too much energy is spent on the treatment of air, which is then easily discharged into the atmosphere. In fact, there is an expensive street heating without tangible results in terms of drying.
Dehumidifiers operating on the principle of heating the air mass with subsequent vapor assimilation, too much energy is spent on heating the air discharged outside without rational use heat
The second option does not please with impressive energy losses, spent on adsorption with moisture condensation and subsequent calcination of the adsorber. However, it is more practical.
The adsorption-based systems are produced, for example, by the Swedish firm Munters, but use it mainly for arranging public sports complexes, industrial and food warehouses, production workshops.
The effect of adsorption air dryers is based on the ability of a substance located inside the body to absorb and hold water molecules.
The high cost and senseless loss of energy of two outdated methods forced us to look for more affordable economic and technological ways to equip private pools.
As a result, new air dehumidification devices have been developed, which work on the principle of standard air conditioners. Drainage machines differ little from them in design and require equal maintenance with maintenance.
The models of dehumidifiers used now are equipped with a fan, compressor, hydrostat, radiators. The basis of their actions is the principle of condensation. The fan mounted in the device captures the moist air from the room with the pool and directs it to the condensing unit.
The air released from the condensate is returned to the premises, and the condensate separated from the moist air mass is collected in a pan and discharged through the drainage channel.
If the design of the dryer includes an additional heat exchanger, it can do the work of heating the air in the treated room. When connected to a water heater or to a DHW, such models allow reducing the number of radiators or not abandoning them at all
Devices that remove excess moisture through condensation operate in full or partial recycling. Full recycling involves cyclical movement of the air flow within the room without changing its composition.
Such dehumidifiers do well with the treatment of air in small private pools that do not require constant updating of the air composition.
If there is a desire to improve the quality of the air flow or there is a need to increase the oxygen content and reduce the proportion of carbon dioxide gas because of the duration of bathing sessions, it is better to purchase a desiccant that is connected to the ventilation system or directly to by the street.
It will provide an opportunity to update the composition of the air, periodically mixing a fresh portion into the drained air stream.
The range of dehumidifiers has modifications with water heat exchangers that are connected to the pool water heating circuit. They transfer the heat generated during the drying process to the heating system, thereby significantly reducing the cost of maintaining an artificial reservoir.
In addition to the ability to mix portions of outside air, a number of desiccant models are complemented by the functions of heating water and air itself, perform filtration and ionization actions. Heated drained air flow is water or electric circuit. The first will be cheaper both at purchase, and at operation.
If you are interested in not only the normalization of the humidity level, but also the formation of the most comfortable conditions, then study in advance the functionality of several units to select and give preference to a position that has the required opportunities.
Channel drainage systems are equipped with a much larger number of functions. For example, the Variheat brand systems, in addition to the main work, also mix in fresh air, stabilize it temperature, prevent air masses from leaking into adjacent rooms and heat the pool water (+)
Design and installation differences
We found out that the overwhelming majority of market offers in the segment of air dehumidification machines for artificial reservoirs are represented by condensing devices.
By way of installation, they are divided into:
- Mobile. Small monoblock machines, buy them for small pools and saunas, if the water surface does not exceed 40 m2. These are mainly compact floor versions or wall modifications with the possibility of installation on the floor.
- Stationary. These are duct systems intended for the treatment of air in pools with an evaporation area of over 40 m.2. Large floor mounted units that can be installed both in a separate ventilation room and in the swimming pool.
When installed in a separate compartment, ventkamere, channel dryers are connected to the duct system, built into the walls or ceiling of the pool. Given the specific environment in device air channels it is desirable to use plastic constructions.
It is possible to equip a ventilation chamber for a channel dehumidifier in the basement of a house with a swimming pool or in the attic.
Duct drainage machines are connected to the air ducts. The unit itself is most often placed in the back room (+)
Note that the division according to the processing capabilities is rather arbitrary, since among the compact devices there are driers that can handle pools with an evaporation area of 70–100 m2. And if such a wall & floor unit is built into the partition, it automatically goes into the category of stationary systems.
Monoblock drying machines produced in wall, floor or combined performance. Most models are suitable for installation on the floor, and for hanging on the wall (+)
Typical layout schemes
Systems to ensure a favorable microclimate in a room with a pool are equipped in accordance with one of the typical schemes.
Option number 1. The easiest and cheapest way to reduce the level of humidity in the pool is to install one-piece wall or floor air dryers in an amount of from 2 to 5 pieces depending on the actual area evaporation.
This solution is great for small rooms with low intensity of visits. Where it is much easier and smarter to periodically ventilate than to install an expensive channel system (+)
Option number 2. Partial recirculation scheme, i.e. with the intake of fresh air from the street, which is mixed with the dried and heated air mass trapped in the pool.
It is used on facilities with a high degree of attendance, in need of constant mixing of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide. An independent exhaust system (+) is constructed to discharge excess air mass.
Option number 3. The channel systems installed in separate compartments are used. Dehumidifiers are combined with the supply and exhaust ventilation, which guarantees full air exchange in the pool hall.
The installation performs several functions simultaneously. It removes 50% of the exhaust air from the pool, captures a portion equal to the remote portion, outside, mixes them up and drains to the required parameters (+)
Option number 4. The scheme uses wall-mounted or simply mounted dryers, whose work is not connected with the supply and exhaust ventilation. The drying device is switched on at the moment when the value of the humidity level specified by the pool owner is exceeded.
The air flow is delivered at the bottom of the room, almost at the level of the water mirror. The air flow is drawn through the exhaust vents (+) mounted into the ceiling.
Option number 5. Wall-mounted monoblock dryer works in tandem with supply and exhaust systemperforming partial drainage of air mass in the pool.
The monoblock desiccant device is only put into operation if the ventilation circuit does not cope with the task of lowering the humidity level (+)
Focusing on the proposed typical solutions for consideration, you can choose the best option for arranging your own pool or improve one of the most suitable options for the organization of ventilation according to specific specifications.
Features of the installation of driers
Before installing any model of air dryer, you should thoroughly study the instructions attached by the manufacturer to your product. The cooling system of machines operating on the principle of condensation of excess moisture is filled with refrigerant. Despite assurances that a substance is safe, leakage and its release into the environment must be eliminated.
The installation site of the device, regardless of its design features, must take into account:
- access to maintenance and repair work;
- all risks associated with potential accidental refrigerant leakage;
- permissible remoteness from objects that threaten the direct contact of the electric machine with the water flow.
Such objects include the basin bowl, whirlpool bath, shower, fountain, and a container with water. According to European standards, there should be at least 2 m between the water source and the electrical equipment.
In the event of refrigerant leakage, the risk of exposure should be minimized. If it is detected, it is necessary to strengthen the work of artificial ventilation and supplement it with natural ventilation methods.
The accumulation of the substance occurs in the lowest places, poorly covered by the flow of circulating air. Due to stagnation and accumulation, refrigerant concentration can reach hazardous values.
Do not allow direct contact of the refrigerant with a hot surface and an open flame, since when heated, the substance decomposes into toxic components. It is required to exclude its hit on open sites of skin and in eyes. Do not allow spilled refrigerant to flow into the sewage system so as not to create gas jams in the pipeline - a common cause of water hammer.
If a slight leakage is detected, the substance should simply be allowed to evaporate. If there is a serious release, it is necessary to increase the intensity of the ventilation work, localize the refrigerant with sand or at least with ordinary earth and call repairmen.
Installation of monoblock wall model
Most of the modifications of wall-mounted dryers are available in versions used for floor installation and hanging as intended on a vertical surface. In the first case, the legs are screwed to the body, and the equipment acquires the status of a mobile dehumidifier. In the second, everything is extremely simple - the housing is fixed to the wall with m8 screws through mounting hinges.
Installation of monoblock modifications of dehumidifiers can be carried out both according to the mounted scheme, and with mounting into the partition wall due to the use of ventilation chambers
Let us examine the specifics of mounting a wall model from the company HldROS SBA series. Consider the installation option with embedding in the partition by means of drained chambers.
We will execute it as follows:
- Fasten two ventilating chambers to the top and bottom of the dryer body so that their working side is turned to the surface to be treated. We use for fixing the cameras screws Ø 3.5.
- We dismantle the machine body for connecting water pipes and installing electrical connections.
- We connect the coil, designed to heat the water, and the drain hose, designed to drain the condensate.
- We connect the power cable to the shield of the clips in the control box.
- We carry out all grounding nodes designated by the manufacturer of the dryer.
- We check the quality of the formed nodes and the performance of the system.
- We assemble the case and fix its parts in the same places.
Regularly, semi-annually, the dewatering machine should be serviced.
In the course of routine maintenance, it is necessary to check the operation of the safety and control units, to trace whether there are water leaks from the coil and the refrigerant from the cooling system. It is necessary to check the condition of the air filters, if necessary, they should be measured, you should check the balancing of the fan blades.
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Monoblock drainage systems are installed according to the simplest scheme. The master of the pool will cope with installation without problems
All mono systems are designed for both floor and wall mounting. You just need to immediately decide which option will be more convenient.
Monoblock dryer installed on the included feet or hung on brackets fixed in the wall
After installation, the equipment needs only to be connected to the power line and to the sewage system for condensate drainage.
Extremely simple installation
Outdoor installation option
Hanging on brackets
Electrical connection and drainage
At the end of the season, maintenance is carried out in the order given above, but is supplemented by mandatory drainage of the water circuit.
The construction of the channel modular system
Installation of modular systems with channel driers should be carried out according to a previously developed project. In the development, an optimal route for laying air ducts and the best place to install the machine are selected. Consider the options for the device on the example of the systems of the brand Calorex Variheat III.
The channel-based dehumidification systems implemented according to the modular principle are arranged in accordance with the architectural and technical features of the room, as well as the wishes of the customer (+)
The equipment is produced in the format of prefabricated modules, so that is performed:
- Vertical installation of the drier with the location of the inlet channel on top of the overlap zone, behind the hinged ceiling or along the mating line of the ceiling and the adjacent wall.
- Vertical arrangement of the drying machine with the installation of the inlet channel at the level of radiators under the window openings. Processing air is taken at the level of the upper desiccant module.
- Horizontal arrangement of the main unit of the system with lateral connection of air ducts. Air intake for dehumidification and delivery of the treated mass is performed at almost the same level.
The optimal layout of equipment and air ducts are selected in accordance with the individual characteristics of the main and utility rooms of the pool.
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At the device of the channel type of the drying system in the pool there are only channels for the intake of moist air and the supply of dry
The main equipment of the channel system is installed in the ventilation chamber located outside the pool
In the casing of the drying plant are a compressor, a condenser with an evaporator, high and low pressure sensors, a filter dryer and a fan
Powerful equipment allows you to arrange an extensive network of air ducts, designed both for the intake and for the supply of dry air
Installations for air drying are distinguished by a simple control scheme that does not require special knowledge from the operator or the owner of the pool.
To accommodate the working part of the channel system, it is not necessary to allocate a room near the pool. You can arrange both in the basement and in the attic
In addition to the duties of air dehumidification, duct systems clean the flow, cool or heat as necessary.
Channel-type dewatering systems are constructed with the obligatory preparation of the project with accurate calculations of the processing volume.
Channel drainage scheme
Stationary drying installation
Devices for drying installation
Mounting channels for air intake
Simple control scheme
Installation location in the attic
Functions of a channel drier
Device system for the project
Design and calculations for the selection of equipment
For proper selection of equipment is required to calculate the evaporation rate. Calculations are carried out according to the formula regulated by the European standard VDI 2089.
The formula is derived by the community of German engineers to define a dryer with the necessary and sufficient capabilities.
Calculate the evaporation rate for a small private pool with a water surface area of 30 m2. Take the water temperature in the pool bath is + 28ºС, air temperature in the swimming pool + 29ºС, the value of water vapor pressure in the room RB take 33.6 mbar. Suppose that the recorded humidity is 65%.
First you need to calculate *RL - the value of the partial pressure of evaporating water. Find for its calculation the value RL100 (with humidity parameters of 100%) according to the table of the gradations of the elasticity of saturated water vapor.
This elasticity is dependent on the temperature of the water in the pool. According to the conditions we have adopted, it is 40.07 mbar, which must be multiplied by 0.65 (the humidity value reduced to one).
A table with empirically determined average values of air elasticity at a conditional humidity level of 100%
RL100(value at 100% humidity) × 0.65 (65%) = 40.07 × 0.65 = 26.05 mbar
W = e × A × (PB - RL) = 15 × 30m2 × (33.6 mbar - 26.05 mbar) = 3397.5 g / hour ≈ 3398 g / hour = 3.98 kg / h
When taken as a basis in the example data from 1m2 the water surface in the pool will evaporate 0.11 kg of moisture.
This is a simplified scheme for calculating the evaporation rate, but if you prefer, you can use another method used in the UK.
The Byazina-Krumme formula is most often used when calculating the evaporation rate of private and public pools in the UK (+)
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Video # 1. Purpose and principle of operation of the device for dehumidifying air in the pool:
Video # 2. How do monoblock driers work:
Video # 3. What is a channel drying unit:
The choice of a device for drying air in the pool is a serious matter, which should be approached thoughtfully and thoroughly. The information we offer will certainly come in handy for the pool owner, who desires perfect, but at no extra cost, to equip his beloved property. Intelligently selected equipment will work fine and serve adequately.
How did you choose and assemble the equipment for air drying in your pool? Share the technical criteria that justified the purchase, and the installation nuances that will be useful to site visitors. Please write comments in the block below, post a photo, ask questions.
