Terms of maturation and description of the pear variety Lada

Lada - a classic pear variety, which is well established in any garden in the territory of our country. Thanks to a huge number of positive qualities, this variety won the glory of the most popular pear.

Lada is recognized as a summer variety, the ripening period is in mid-August. The average height of the pear is, m. The tree has a pronounced stem. The crown is of medium density, up to three years it is funnel-shaped, and when the fruiting period begins, it becomes pyramidal.

Description and history of the appearance of the pear variety Lada

Let's start with the description of the variety. The shoots of the pear are long enough, of medium thickness, slightly curved, in section - round, brown hue. Leaves are dark green in color, small in size. The length of the petiole is cm, stipules are crumbled in the early stages.

Flowers are cupped. In each inflorescence there are 5-7 pieces. Fruits are not particularly large, weighing 100-110 g, obovate. Their surface is smooth and shiny.The ripe pear has a yellow color with a pinkish hue on the sides. Subcutaneous dots are almost invisible. The peduncle of Lada is short, there is no funnel. The pulp is whitish-yellow in color, granular, of medium density and not particularly juicy. The taste of the fruit is sour-sweet without a pronounced flavor.

Grades Lada brought academicians Chizhov and Potapov. This pear was the result of crossing varieties Olga and Lesnaya Bela. In 1993, the Lada pear variety was introduced into the State Register for the Central, Central Black Earth and Middle Volga regions. Lada acquired the greatest popularity in the Moscow region.

Advantages and disadvantages

Lada has many advantages, which include:

• Fertility - a pear for 2-4 years from the moment of oculization brings a full yield;
• winter hardiness - even young trees planted in the autumn, are able to overwinter without shelter;
• high resistance to most diseases - Lada is resistant to scab and bacterial burn.

From the minuses of this class note:

• short period of fruit storage - only 55-65 days at 0 ° C;
• low transportability - pears do not have good resistance to transport.

Landing

When planting seedlings, time of the year is of no small importance. It is best to plant a pear in the spring. In autumn this should not be done, because of the likely weak root formation in the autumn-winter season.

Lada is not particularly demanding when choosing soil, so it can grow almost anywhere. However, in order to increase the yield, it is better to use soil for drainage with drainage or chernozem.

The selected site is pre-digged and fertilized: compost, potash salt and superphosphate.

Dimensions of the recess for the seedlings should be greater than the size of the rhizome, so that the tree can be freely located during planting. In most cases, the depth is 70 cm and the diameter is 100 cm.

When the plant is immersed in the pit, it is controlled that the root neck should necessarily look at 5-7 cm, and the roots are neatly spread and sprinkled with soil, where the seedling was grown.At the last stage of planting the soil near the pear is well tamped and watered,and around the plant a small amount of manure or humus is poured. At the end of all actions, the tree trunk is carefully tied to the dug up cola.

Care

Pear is often watered only during periods of prolonged drought, since very frequent watering harms the root system and provokes all sorts of diseases of this variety. The plant can even completely die because of an excess of moisture.Watering is carried out abundantly, 2-3 buckets of water under one tree.Also, the humidity of the pear is needed at the beginning of the summer, when the fruits are poured.

In early spring, the tree is fed with nitrogen fertilizers. Do this when snow falls and dry weather sets.

The withered and spoiled branches that appear after winter time are cut. The stamping part of the tree trunk is usually treated with iron wax or lime.

In the autumn, mineral fertilizers are used. They are added in October. In winter, the pear also needs proper care. It is necessary to look for the fact that when warming the wet snow does not stick to the branches of the tree. The weight of the snow layer can easily break thin branches.Stub is not covered, because the pear has a high frost resistance.

Circumcision pears Lada carried out twice a year: in spring and autumn. Unnecessary twigs are cut, very long ones are made shorter by a sharp pruner so as not to inflict a lot of damage on the fruit plant. Then the places of cuts are treated with putty.

Terms of maturation and harvesting

Lada is an early fruit variety of early ripening period. With proper care of her and regular pruning, fruits appear for 3-4 years from the moment of planting. The first pears are collected in early August, and the main collection is in the second half of this month.Adult tree brings about 50 kg of fruit per year.

Pears are firmly attached to the peduncle and fall off only when fully ripe. Thanks to this, harvesting is possible in the middle of September, when the fruits of the pear will become amber-golden in color and a blush will appear.

Conditions for storing pears are as follows: darkened room, plus temperature 1-4 ° C, humidity - not less than 85% and good ventilation. Fruits are neatly put in plastic boxes or wooden boxes. Lay the fruits in the chosen container layers, which are separated by thin clean paper, or dry straw.Do not create more than two layers.

The fruits of the Lada pear are stored for 2, months. In addition, it is possible to keep pears in the sand. When stacked in wooden boxes, layers of fruit are sprinkled with sand. Thus, the fruits can last until November.

Features

• Lada is considered a self-fertilizing variety;
• fruits are smaller than average size;
• this pear differs high and regular fruit bearing
• fruit long enough to hang on a tree, and do not crumble.

Protection of an adult tree from diseases and pests

Lada has good resistance to scab and bacterial burn. But it is impossible to exclude the possibility of infection with these diseases, as well as other diseases and insect pests.

Pest control begins before the period of sap movement.For this, 700 g of urea is dissolved in one bucket of water and the trunk and ground around the pear are processed.

This event destroys all pests that successfully suffered the winter cold and frost on the plant.

But if you treat the pear with this solution later, then a swelling kidney will have a burn.

To avoid diseases such as scab, bacterial burn, fruit rot, powdery mildew and rustshould follow certain rules,namely:

1. Thrice spray the tree in time from the beginning of bud blossoming to the ripening of all the fruits, regardless of the presence of the disease.
2. Remove the fallen leaves in time and remove the weeds.
3. Do not allow excessive aridity or excessive moisture content in the soil.

Pests of this variety are: gall mite, pearfish, aphids, moth and floridae.

The main measures for pest control:

1. The most effective here are the planned treatment with special solutions against parasites.
2. Destruction of weeds is mandatory, as they are carriers of various pests.
3. Regular and careful observation of the appearance of the trunk, branches and leaves on the pear.

Despite the fact that the variety was introduced relatively recently, Lada has already become widespread in most Russian regions.

Such popularity of the given pear variety is promoted by its ability to get accustomed in a locality with low and changeable temperatures, unpretentiousness to leaving and essential indicators of productivity. Since Lada belongs to the early ripening varieties, you do not need to wait a long time to enjoy tasty and juicy fruits.