Replacing the compressor in the refrigerator

When the motor-compressor breakdown, the wizards are called to replace the part. Many in this case is confused by the issue of cost - the compressor itself is not cheap, and still need to pay for repairs, the price of which can be several thousand rubles. If it turns out to replace the motor itself, it is enough to find out how much a new compressor costs and do not overpay for repairs. Armed with detailed instructions and the necessary tool, you can temporarily become a repairman for your own refrigerator.

We will explain how to replace the motor-compressor and the oil in it.

Compressor replacement: what to take into account, causes and signs, order of work

To replace the motor, you need to know thoroughly the principle of the refrigerator, to be able to correctly diagnose the breakdown, paying attention to the signs. Before work, familiarize yourself with the device technology, the main causes of motor failure and their signs.

How does the refrigerator work?

It can be divided into three main parts:

• evaporator;
• capacitor;
• compressor (consists of a motor and a relay).

If one of them does not work, and the rest of the nodes are in working order, the working capacity of the refrigerator is still lost.

The system is characterized by closed parameters. Freon swings from the evaporator compressor, and then under high pressure passes into the condenser, where it is cooled, from the gas becomes liquid and again goes to the evaporator. This is an uninterrupted cycle of operation of refrigeration equipment.

Unlike other parts, the motor is always on. It starts after the signal of the temperature sensor, which reports the temperature rise in the chambers. The relay starts the motor so that it starts cooling the compartments. When the set temperature is set, the relay trips and the motor stalls.

How to check the serviceability of the electric motor

The first sign that the breakdown can be determined is the temperature jump in the main chamber. There can be so warm that all products will spoil. There are other signs of failure of the main part of the refrigerator:

• on the walls grew ice (especially important for models with the function No Frost);

• the motor hums, but does not produce any cold, there is no leakage of refrigerant;
• audible clicks, rattling and other extraneous sounds: noise, grinding, vibrations.
• the motor runs constantly without stopping;
• products in the chambers over-freeze.

Checking the resistance and voltage

Sometimes a breakdown is caused by a cable or broken wiring, so before starting repair work, you need to measure resistance to protect yourself from injury.

To check the resistance, find a place in which there is no paint. If there are no such places, wipe off the coating with a solvent. Take the tester and place its probes on the body and the contact. If nothing is displayed, then the device is working, and if there are figures on the multimeter screen, repairing the compressor at home is very dangerous. If you decide to work with such a compressor, be extremely careful.

To check the current, make sure that the start relay is operational. Take the multimeter with ticks - it's more convenient to check this device. If the motor power, for example, 140 W, the measuring device should show the current in, A. The ratio of these indicators is the same if the engine power is different.

Why the compressor breaks down

Breakdown can be attributed to two groups:

• Everything at first glance works normally - the compressor hums, the light is on. In this case, leakage of refrigerant may be actual, and you can check it yourself - touch the condenser. If it is hot, it means that the leak actually happened.

• The temperature regulator is broken, therefore, if the chamber is warm, there is no signal about it.

If the technology does not work at all, in every fifth case the motor is to blame. If this is not the case, it is worth checking the relay and the temperature sensor. If they fail, replace them. If the malfunctioning of the parts is not detected, the motor is to blame, and its replacement is necessary.

It is difficult to replace this part without the help of a master, but it is possible. On how to do this, read on.

Compressor replacement: step-by-step instruction

Before you get started, prepare the toolkit:

• accumulator for gas-freon;
• Valves (needed for puncture and selection);
• burner.

Important! It is worth giving preference to an oxygen-propane burner.

To replace the compressor in the fridge "Ariston "Indesit "Atlant "Stinol" or any other, proceed as follows:

1. Push the compressor forward and lift it up.
2. Break the filling pipe.
3. Start the device for a 5-minute period - during this time the coolant will be fully transferred to the condenser.
4. Connect the valve for the puncture and connect the tubing to it.
5. Unscrew the valve for half a minute - this will be enough to bleed all freon.
6. Instead of a refueling tube, solder using a burner or soldering iron, a new one - copper one.
7. Cut the capillary dilator a couple of centimeters, break the tube.
8. Separate the filter drier from the condenser.
9. Remove all tubes from the compressor. Usually there are only two of them - for creating pressure and for removing excess freon.
10. Installation of a new motor is performed in the same way as dismantling - in the reverse order.
11. After completing installation work, check the operability of the relay.
12. Start the refrigerator: if it started to freeze, then it's done right.

Watch the video to make it right:

How the oil is changed in the compressor

If after replacing the compressor or relay it turned out that there is not enough oil in the system, then you need to replace or add it. Before you drain, change or refill the oil, it is worth consulting with an experienced craftsman.

When is it still necessary to fill the oil? We decided to consider this issue in the framework of this publication, because there are cases when the new engine oil is not filled, then you have to do it yourself.

Important! If the compressor does not turn off after the replacement, the filling technology has been broken. Strictly follow the instructions when working with technical fluids.

Helpful Tips

1. A container with a new oil can not be printed out until use.
2. Buy liquid in a container of this volume, so that it is enough for one refueling, otherwise you have to interrupt the process and buy.
3. Do not pour oil from one bottle into another and do not mix oils of even one brand.
4. When removing used oil, it is necessary to work using PPE - safety goggles, rubber or neoprene gloves. This is due to the fact that the acid may contain acidic impurities.
5. To understand how much oil you need for the old compressor, be guided by the volume of the drained liquid.

What you need:

• Vacuum pump;
• hose for refueling with a shut-off valve and a screw-type connection;
• manometer.

The replacement process

1. Evacuate the system.
2. Close the service valves on the motor.
3. Connect the vacuum pump to one of the valves.
4. Lower the compressor pressure to a minimum (about, bar). Stop the pump.
5. Unscrew the oil plug on the compressor and screw the charging hose with the shut-off valve.
6. Unlock the suction valve and let the freon into the compressor for a slight increase in pressure. Close the valve.
7. Open the shut-off valve on the charging hose to bleed the air.
8. Open the jar of oil and immerse the tip of the hose in the container so that it reaches the bottom.
9. Close the shut-off valve. Start the vacuum pump again.
10. After the pressure in the engine is lower than atmospheric pressure, carefully unscrew the shut-off valve. Now you can fill the compressor with oil.
11. To determine its level, follow the filling through the inspection window on the motor.
12. Lock the shut-off valve.
13. Stop the pump and create a slight positive pressure by adjusting the opening degree of the suction valve.
14. Remove the charging hose. Tighten the oil plug.

The video below will help you in a more accurate understanding of the filling process:

This method of filling guarantees the absence of moisture and air in the system. There is a possibility of a minor leak of refrigerant, which can be replenished with the necessary tools.

Important! During refueling, make sure that the container with the oil fluid does not emptied to the bottom, otherwise air will enter the system. If the precedent has occurred, the oil fill plug closes and the system is evacuated.

If the oil needs refueling, it is easier. Use for this purposeoil syringe.Do not be afraid that the air will go into the system when you open the oil plug, it's out of the question.

If you have an oil pump, then use it - it doses the refueling of the oil without reference to the pressure in the motor.

How long does the refrigerator last after replacing the compressor? Everything depends on the thoroughness and accuracy of your work. If your refrigerator "Liebher "Samsung" or any other broken, you know how to replace the compressor and fill the oil. If this work seems complicated to you, do not risk and call a mechanic.