Productive and economical heating boilers using liquid fuel can achieve full autonomy from the central line of the gas pipeline. Reflecting on the installation of the unit, it is necessary to deal with the device, the principle of operation and operational features.
Choosing the boiler should be based on a comparative evaluation of the characteristics and functionality of various models. An important factor - the reputation of the manufacturer.
In this article we will tell about the varieties of liquid-fuel boilers models, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as a look at some popular devices from well-known brands.
The content of the article:
- Advantages and disadvantages of liquid-fuel boilers
-
The device and a principle of action of the boiler
- The main operating heat source units
- How is the heating of the room?
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Variety of liquid-fuel models
- In scope
- in terms of functionality
- In the method of regulation
- By type of material
- Fuel type
- By way of installation
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Overview of models from leading companies
- Universal boilers ACV Delta Pro
- Units EnergyLogyc - Intelligent Automation
- Buderos Logano - German quality
- Boilers Korean firm Kiturami
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Advantages and disadvantages of liquid-fuel boilers
Oil boilers, despite the ability to efficiently heat the building and technical excellence, not so common as gas or solid fuel heat generators.
Equipment operating on diesel or working out is very popular in Western Europe.
Among the significant advantages of oil-fired heating boiler include:
- High work efficiency. Efficiency on most models up to 95%. Fuel consumed virtually lossless.
- High power. Performance units allows heat as compact living spaces and large manufacturing plants.
- The high level of automation. The boiler operates for a long time without human intervention.
- Autonomy from energy sources. With the exception of electricity. If necessary, you can get a generator.
- Switching to a gas fuel.
There are additional advantages of such equipment. To install the boiler does not need to get approval. In addition, the lack of pipeline greatly facilitates installation work.
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Fuel oil heating boilers are used where it is not planned in the coming years, the connection to the gas line and you can not get electricity needed to power the boiler
Oil boilers are mounted on reinforced base with fireproof coating. It is recommended to build some foundations under them
The equipment in a non-residential premises provided by vents
Yield of the liquid fuel of the boiler is connected with the removable tube with a hole in the wall facing outside or directly into the chimney
The main disadvantage of the use of oil-fired boiler is the high consumption of diesel fuel. Heating it will need almost 3 times more than gas
The second significant drawback - the demands of the liquid fuel equipment for diesel fuel. When using fuel not cleaned from sand, tar, water, aggregate and its nozzles will often become clogged with soot
It is important that the boiler was fed smoothly diesel fuel, which is necessary to stock up and stored somewhere. To store the required impressive size tanks, the third minus
A solid choice dignity oil boilers for autonomous heating - no need to obtain any authorization at all
Oil fired boiler in a private house
Installation of the boiler on liquid fuel
Ventilation space requirements
Rules buildings chimney boiler
Less oil-fired equipment
Demands on fuel quality
The presence of a tank for diesel hranieniya
The virtue embodiment heating liquid fuel
installation difficulty and operating oil-fired boiler:
- The high cost of purchasing fuel. With intensive use of the facilities of fuel annual consumption can reach several tons.
- Fuel storage is erected separate building. Alternatively, the warehouse with containers made of opaque plastic or steel equipped in the ground. An important condition - protection from the sun's rays.
- The unit should be placed in a separate well-ventilated hood and powerful.
- If the diesel boiler is located close to the house, additional sound insulation is required - burner during operation makes noise.
At the equipment of underground fuel storage must take into account the hydrogeological characteristics of the terrain.
In many models, provided the climatic setting of the boiler - setting a comfortable temperature in the house considering the temperature outside
The device and a principle of action of the boiler
Oil fired units work on the same principle as the gas. The main difference lies in the use of the fan burner (nozzle). Device type largely determines the effectiveness and efficiency of the boiler.
Our fellow treated liquid fuel setting unit, as an alternative method of heating in the absence of a centralized gas supply line
The main operating heat source units
Structural elements of the boiler on liquid fuel:
- burner;
- the combustion chamber;
- a heat exchanger;
- chimney;
- Control block;
- housing.
Fuel oil heating system is equipped with a pump manifold providing fuel supply and fuel storage tank.
To improve the performance and efficiency of the device, manufacturing companies improve their models, adding device different heat exchanger plates and tubes by built
the heater burner
The main installation module responsible for the preparation of the fuel-air mixture and transfer it to the amount necessary to maintain the operation of the heat generator.
Oil burner is a fan. Supply and fuel injection into the combustion chamber are carried out under pressure - a forced air puffing
Standard equipment for the burner of the boiler zhidkotoplevnogo:
- Ignition transformer. It generates a spark which ignites due to fuel.
- Control block. It determines the start phase, control is performed and performs a stop operation of the burner. The connection of photocell sensor ignition transformer and emergency shutdown.
- Solenoid valve. Adjusts the supply of fuel into the combustion chamber.
- Air regulator with filter. Normalize the air supply apparatus, preventing ingress of solids.
- Preheater. It modifies the state of fuel, reducing its viscosity. The more liquid fuel enters the nozzle hole, the more economical it is consumed.
- Fuel overflow pipe. Connected with the tank, wherein the fuel-heating is performed.
- Flame tube. Through line thermal energy supplied to the heat medium heating point, which is then circulated in the heating system.
The burner may be initially inserted into the cauldron without the possibility of increasing the power unit. Mounted units allow you to modify the equipment.
Mounted Burner adjustment carried out by experts at home. The advantage of the module built in the factory - quick commissioning of the boiler plant in operation
Boiler combustion chamber
In fact, it is heat-resistant container with inlet and exhaust outlet. Typically it has a round or rectangular cross section.
The heat exchanger device
Through the wall of the heat exchanger to transmit heat energy to the heat carrier. In current models of the coating element formed on the principle radiator device - this maximizes the thermal energy obtained by combustion.
The front section of the burner of the heat exchanger is fixed and the door. The number of sections and heat exchanger define the coverage area of the boiler capacity
Chimney for oil-fired unit
Air is drawn in from the street or from the boiler room, arrange the right that reads in this material.
When feeding air from the outside is supplied via coaxial chimney or on a separate channel. To improve the efficiency smoke tube channels provided with steel plates - the off-gases to form turbulent flows, reduce their speed. Thrust is retained.
device control unit
Automation is designed to maintain a predetermined temperature. Auxiliary functions reduce the price of the boiler operation. From a technical point of view the most advanced weather-blocks considered that alter heating the coolant temperature based on the external sensor readings.
The operating principle of the thermal unit is based on preparing a mixture of fuel and air with subsequent spray in the combustion chamber
The housing of the boiler
All system components are enclosed in a rugged housing thermal insulation. This "shell" reduces heat loss and increases the efficiency of the boiler.
Outside housing plastered layer insulating film, which when heated remains cold and protects the operator against burn.
How is the heating of the room?
The entire heat generating process in oil boilers and transfer thermal energy to the heating radiator can be divided into several stages.
Step 1. Diesel oil or other fuel is poured into the store. The fuel pump delivers the liquid to the burner device - pressure is created in the pipeline. Simultaneously, toplivonasos via sensors determines the fuel quality and the percentage of its thickening.
Step 2. Diesel fuel is supplied to the preparatory chamber. Here, fuel is mixed with air, heated and liquefaction of the mixture.
Step 3. Fuel-air supplied to the nozzle structure. Under the action of the fan and the fuel mixture is atomized mist is ignited in the combustion chamber.
Step 4. The chamber walls are heated. In this heat exchanger occurs and coolant. Last flows and circulates in the heating system.
Step 5. During the combustion of combustible substances produced gases which are output through the chimney. Rushing outside, the smoke passes through a series of heat exchange plates and also gives up its heat.
When soot is formed from fuel combustion. To maintain the boiler efficiency at the proper level of the combustion chamber wall must be removed periodically
Variety of liquid-fuel models
All oil boilers can be classified by the following criteria: the area of application, functionality, adjustment type, the manufacturing material, type of fuel used and the method of mounting.
In scope
The main indicator that determines the membership of the boiler system to one of the species, is the power. Household models are available capacity from 6 to 230 kW. This is enough to heat small homes of 50 square meters. m and large country houses 2,200 square meters. m.
performance indicator determines the flow rate of fuel in the liquid fuel heating boiler - 10 kW for the production of heat is required the order of 1 kg of diesel per hour. Household units are designed for maximum operating pressure - 4-6 bar.
Power industry Fuel oil boilers from 500 to 12,000 kW. Heavy Duty models operate on heating buildings area of over 15 thousand. sq. m. The production of the heater control is fully automated.
Industrial boilers divided into water and steam boilers. Operate first heating water under pressure, and the second - generating superheated or saturated steam.
High-power heat generators are used in the modular boiler - autonomous stations for generation of steam and heat. Steam generators are in demand in the food industry, the furniture industry, wood processing, oil production and the production of animal feed
in terms of functionality
Single-boilers are designed exclusively for space heating. They are connected to the radiators and coolant circulates in a closed heating system. This unit does not heat water for domestic consumption - it is necessary to take care of separately installing the boiler.
Combi models are more functional. The boilers provide home heating and hot water supply to different parts of the water intake (shower, sink, etc.). In the construction equipment, an additional heat exchanger for hot water supply.
Combi boilers equipped with instantaneous water heater or storage tank. When using "protochnika" water will be cooler than the storage tank when the built-
In the method of regulation
boiler operation mode is determined by the type of installed burners.
By type of adjustment, all devices are divided into several groups:
- single stage;
- two- and three-stage;
- modulated.
Single-stage units operate on the principle of alternating on and off. After heating the coolant to a predetermined temperature the flame is extinguished, and after cooling down - the burner starts again. Such burners are ineffective - lead to excessive fuel consumption.
Burners "single mode" installed on boilers with capacity not more than 200 kW. Leading companies are moving away from their use
Two- and three-stage devices operate in the following modes:
- two-stage modules operate at 30 and 100% capacity. After the maximum heating water, the burner is rearranged to reduced performance mode. This reduces fuel consumption by 5-10%.
- three-stage work at 30-60-100% capacity. Achieved efficiency and high thermal efficiency of the device.
Modulating - the combustion process is regulated in the automatic mode. In the flame intensity is influenced by the temperature inside and outside the building, the fuel quality and a predetermined mode. power variation range is 10-100% capacity.
Microprocessor automation determines the composition of the fuel-air mixture, the optimum feed rate of fuel to the injectors and pressure.
Modulating burner equipped boilers fifth generation. Compared with two- and three-way devices are more economical to 15%
By type of material
Manufacturers equip heating units with cast-iron or steel coils. Material affects the efficiency and life of the boiler.
Cast iron models feature a long life - more than 30 years. However, they are quite "picky" and the critical temperature difference between the "return flow" and "supply" can give a crack. Water Temperature difference at input and output should not exceed 20 ° C.
If the boiler is to be used occasionally, such as visits to the country, it is better to choose a model with a steel heat exchanger. Heat resisting steel is less durable, but steadily carries temperature changes.
Boiler with steel coil is cheaper analogue module with cast iron. steel models are available in the product line of the company Kiturami and Viessmann
Fuel type
As the fuel material in the liquid fuel boilers most commonly used diesel fuel (diesel oil) or waste oil. Externally, the diesel units are no different from fellow working on "working out." The main difference in the technical component.
To clean the boiler is used, it has been certified diesel fuel. The combustion of fuel ash formation is minimal. This allows use in the construction of the furnace and the flue pipe of smaller diameter.
The combustion of waste oil takes place with the abundant release of ash. In boilers for "working out" within the flue tubes have turbulator and the sediment deposited in special dymosbornoy chamber. Recommended Reading and our other article which discussed in detail heating value various fuels.
The devices operating on working off-oil, used motor oil and transmission of the vehicle. Such boilers advisable to install the service station, the bases of agricultural and automobile
By way of installation
By way of installation distinguish wall and floor assemblies. Mounted Boilers - compact, easy to install, but inefficient. Their power is enough for ogrev premises with an area not exceeding 300 sq.m.
Floor standing oil boilers more cumbersome and productive. These include all units for industrial use and domestic high-power models.
Overview of models from leading companies
Decent niche in the market of heating equipment occupied oil boilers foreign manufacturers: ACV, EnergyLogyc, Buderos Logano, Saturn, Ferolli and Viessmann. We are proven Lotus and TEP-holding among domestic companies.
Universal boilers ACV Delta Pro
The Belgian company sells models ACV Delta Pro Line S - double-circuit boilers with integrated boiler. Power heating units is from 25 to 56 kW.
Boilers Pro Delta S supplied to the burner at the buyer's choice - or BMV1 model for liquid fuel or BG2000 for propane and natural gas
Technical and operational features:
- manufacturing a heat exchanger material - steel;
- polyurethane insulation housing;
- work on diesel or gas;
- Control panel with thermometer, thermostat adjustment.
Oil fired boiler "adjusted" for the season - provided the switch "summer / winter".
Boiler efficiency Pro Delta S is 92.8%. Time for water heating for domestic hot water system depends on the power settings and ranges from 16 to 32 minutes
Units EnergyLogyc - Intelligent Automation
Waste oil boilers American company EnergyLogyc differ from similar automated processes burner settings and fuel combustion.
As used fuel waste oil, diesel oil, vegetable oil or kerosene.
In the apparatus size and increased furnace section flue pipes - it allows to effectively use the "refinement" and reduces the amount of work for cleaning boiler
Fuel oil EnergyLogyc units are available in three versions:
- EL-208B - 58.3 kW power, fuel consumption - 5,3 l / h,
- EL- 375V - 109 kW performance, fuel consumption - 10.2 l / h;
- EL-500B - thermal capacity - 146 kW, the consumption of fuel material - 13.6 l / h.
The maximum temperature of the coolant in the presented models - 110 ° C, pressure - 2 bar.
Boiler EL-208V is suitable for heating different purposes: houses, greenhouses, car service centers, manufacturing plants, warehouses, private houses and offices
Buderos Logano - German quality
Buderos Company (Germany) produces diesel boilers, nozzles, burners and other equipment necessary for the operation of the heating system. The range of power characteristics of the aggregates is 25-1200 kW.
Buderos efficiency liquid fuel boilers is 92-96%. The equipment operates in fully automatic mode, the fuel material - diesel fuel. The heat exchanger is made of cast iron or steel
Boiler units Buderos Logano made in two series:
- Buderos Logano category «G» - intended for private use, their capacity of 25-95 kW;
- Buderos Logano «S» category - equipment for industrial use.
Aggregates differ sleek design, user-friendly control system, built-in silencer.
Domestic boilers Buderos Logano supplied with integrated and adjusted for diesel fuel burners. The device may retrofitted pumping group, a security system and expansion tank
Boilers Korean firm Kiturami
Floor combi boilers Kiturami Turbo series is designed for domestic use. Power units 9-35 kW.
Distinctive features of the model:
- providing heating and hot water facilities up to 300 square meters;
- boiler heat exchanger made of high-alloy steel;
- DHW heat exchanger additional 99% is composed of copper, which increases the efficiency of heating;
- as a coolant suitable antifreeze and water.
A distinctive feature of Turbo models - the presence turbotsiklonnoy burner. It operates on the principle of turbo engine of the car.
In a special metal plate due to the high temperature secondary combustion occurs. This allows economically consume fuel and reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere.
Work Kiturami Turbo possible modes: "Shower", "Dream", "Presence", "Work / Test" and "Timer". Control panel taken out front side of the housing
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
View videos will help you understand the device and the principle of the heating units on liquid fuel.
Comparison of diesel and boiler unit operating at "working out":
On the rules of selection of the liquid fuel heating equipment will be discussed in the following video:
Fuel oil boilers have a high level of automation. Heating based on diesel devices can achieve autonomy, and the lack of a rigid framework to document makes it an attractive proposition. However, a number of significant shortcomings maintenance boiler installation, keeps the demand for diesel units.
If you are concerned about the choice of oil-fired boiler, please leave your questions in the box located below. There you can write good advice on the subject of the article or to share experiences in the use of this heating equipment.
