Oilseed radish: green manure, fodder, honey plant

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The content of the articleIt belongs to the cruciferous family. Widely used as siderat - green fertilizer. The seeds of the plant contain up to 50% of vegetable oil. It is used in cooking, food industry, pharmacology, cosmetology, as well as for the production of biofuels.

The oilseed radish is a plant about 1.5 m high. The leaves have a rugged shape. The fruit of the radish oil is a pod, 6-8 cm long, filled with seeds. Unlike common radish, oilseed radish does not form a root crop. Its root is a core with branches at the top of which is thickened. Culture is valued for the intensive build-up of green mass in cold weather. Suitable for late sowing in cold climates. It can be cultivated on heavy clay soils, drought-resistant.

Radish olive as a siderate

The use of oil radish as a siderat in recent years has become of strategic importance in connection with large-scale depletion of soil.

Protection and enrichment of the soil

Oilseed radish has a strong root system. The long root provides rise from the lower layers of the soil to the surface of nutrients. The rotting, slanted green mass is transformed into a fertilizer rich in humus and organic matter.

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Shrovetide radish is one of the most effective crops used to protect the soil from erosion in spring and autumn, and if the plants are not cleaned for the winter, they retain snow, contributing to the accumulation of moisture in the soil and less freezing.

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Culture has a good effect on the soil structure, loosening it and providing drainage even in the deep layers. As a result, increases the moisture and air permeability of the soil.

From soil residues, the soil is enriched with mineral elements. On average, 1 hectare of area falls into it:

  • nitrogen - 85 kg;
  • phosphorus - 25 kg;
  • potassium - 100 kg.

Phytosanitary qualities

The content of essential oils in a plant contributes to resisting pests and fungal diseases. Oil radish is used for prophylactic control of wireworms, potato scab, rhizoctaniasis, nematodes. Dense foliage well obscures the soil and suppresses the germination of weeds. Oilseed radish is the main crop used in the fight against difficult to remove weeds, such as wheat grass. The rotted tops are an excellent breeding ground for worms and other biological organisms that have a beneficial effect on the soil.

Do not use oilseed radish as green manure as a precursor to cabbage.

Oilseed radish as a fodder crop

As a fodder crop, oilseed radish is valued for its early maturity and consistently high yields. The average yield is 300-400 centners per hectare, and when fertilizers are applied, an indicator of 700 centners per hectare can be achieved. The period from sowing to formation is only 40-50 days. During the season you can produce up to 3 mowings. Green mass is fed to cattle fresh, it is also used for preparing silage, haylage, briquettes, grass meal. They silage the oil radish, as a rule, with other annual herbs, they are introduced into the composition of vico-oat and pea-oat mixtures. Culture at the stage of 3-4 leaves is a good additive to corn.

As a fodder crop, oilseed radish should be grown in a mixture with sunflower, legumes and cereals.

The cultivation of oil radish makes it possible to walk animals to pasture in late autumn. Vegetation of plants continues even at a temperature of + 5-6 ° C.Oilseed radish does not die when it frosts down to -4 ° C, and mature plants can tolerate negative temperatures down to -7 ° C.

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Nutritionally, oilseed radish has qualities similar to compound feeds, alfalfa, sainfoin and clover. It has a high protein content - up to 26%.For comparison: in corn, this indicator is at the level of 7-9%.At the same time, the protein is well balanced in amino acids. The culture is rich in phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and iron. During the flowering period, a kilogram of tops contains 30 mg of carotene and 600 mg of ascorbic acid.


Radish oleaginous as a melliferous plant

Radish oleaginous is a recognized honey culture. Its main advantages are long flowering( up to 30 days) and the release of nectar in the cool time. Honey collection is made in early spring and mid-summer, when other honey crops have faded. The content of sucrose, fructose and glucose in nectar is 20%.Honey has a strong aroma and high healing properties.

Due to the rapid crystallization of the rare honey, it is not recommended to leave honey in the comb for the winter.

Bees prefer to visit the rare field in the morning and cloudy weather. In the morning, the flowers bloom at 6-7 in the morning.

Read also: Mustard - as a fertilizer for the soil

Growing oilseed radish

The answer to the question "when to plant oilseed radish" depends on the goals. Seeding is possible from April to mid-September. The greatest yield is given by plants planted in April. To feed and as a siderata, radish is sown in rows in 15 cm. The seed consumption is 2-3 g / m2.Sowing depth - 2-4 cm.

Late sowing requires more seed consumption. When sown after August 10, the rate is doubled, since in the fall plant growth slows down significantly. Late crops are poorly suitable for greening.

When mixed with Wicky spring, the radish seed and wiki seeds ratio is 1: 6.In this scheme, radish stems perform the function of supports for climbing plants.

For honey collection and for radish seeds, oilseed is sown between rows 40 cm.

The first seedlings appear after 4 days, and after 40-50 days, you can make the first mowing for fodder. Flowering occurs about 40 days after germination.

When sowing for winter crops, radish is cut 3 weeks before sowing.

For rotting and formation of humus from the green mass it is necessary that the soil be wet.

When preparing the soil for spring crops, radish is left until frost.

Collection of seeds produced in late autumn. The pods retain their shape, and the drying of the seeds occurs in natural conditions, which saves the cost of artificial drying.

In Russia, you can buy oilseed radish seeds of popular varieties: Sabina, Nika, Pryzhzhunya, Brutus, Raduga, Tambovchanka.

Video about planting sideratov in autumn

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