Borehole or well - which is better? A detailed comparative review

The desire to acquire their own source of water for many owners of suburban areas it is quite logical and natural. The only stumbling block in this matter is to determine what is still better - well or well?

Builders, performing services on digging wells are ready to bring the sea arguments, suggesting that well - a great invention that will properly serve for five decades. Masters also that specialize in drilling, convince us that the well - the best option waterworks.

Each of these two methods of extraction of water has its own arguments allowed "for" and "against", the main ones we consider in this article. By performing a comparison of the complexity and cost of construction of each of these embodiments, the water intake, compare the service life and the frequency of preventative cleaning.

And talk about the quality and quantity of produced water. All of these factors will help you determine the best way to water extraction, the most suitable for your living conditions, and that will satisfy all your needs.

Design features of the well and the well

The well is a hydraulic structure in the form of vertically excavated cavity depth of 30 meters and a diameter of 70 centimeters over the shaft, the walls of which are reinforced concrete rings.

The ground layers found several aquifers that lie at different depths. Upper - referred to as perched, located 2-3 meters from the surface. Its water is quite murky and dirty, as is powered by penetrating through the soil and man-made deposits of drainage and stormwater.

The water extracted from this layer is used for watering plants. A little deeper in sandy aquifers overlain by groundwater. Of them, water and extracted in the regeneration of drinking water wells.

Aquifers in the ground can be several, and they alternate with impermeable layers. For the extraction of water from the first and second sand bodies erect Abyssinian wells - a small diameter hole which during the mounting is not drilled, and pierce soil layers inch rod like needle.

At a depth of 200 meters and located below the limestone layers, referred to as artesian. They contain large reserves of water than those same sands.

The key difference artesian wells is that it produces water that lies between the two dense layers.

As the price of the hydraulic structure depends on the depth of the design and its performance in the tens times greater than the needs of a family, artesian wells often collectively establish one on the street or on a village.

Comparative cost of water intake

For many owners the question of choice, it is better well or well, is not idle. After all, it determines the value of costs for the construction and maintenance of facilities for water extraction.

In calculating the estimated cost of the intake estimates should take into account a number of parameters:

• earthworks based on each meter of depth;
• volume of material to strengthen the penetration wall;
• frequency of service facilities.

Calculations show that at cost, including all assembly and maintenance work to be erected, more cheaply well.

Due to the low cost of the excavation, which can be performed without the involvement of the ponderous machinery, well installation can afford many gardeners, gardeners and villagers.

The approximate cost of a complete set well within the range of 30 to 40 thousand. rubles.

It includes:

1. Installing the bottom of the filter (4-5 thousand. rub.).
2. Filtration gravel dumping (1-1,5 thousand rubles.).
3. The outer house for the tip (7 th. rub.).
4. Submersible pump installation (15 + 7 = 22 rubles.).

Construction of wells, excluding the construction of communications from the water intake locations to consumption points will cost about 100 thousand. rubles. The cost depends on the time of year, the drilling depth and the technique used. More key factors influencing the final cost of the construction of the well, we reviewed in this article.

Pump price for coal mine well as out much cheaper as compared to the pumping equipmentRequired during well arrangement.

The frequency of preventive cleaning

preventive Maintenance activities of the well held annually. The price of this annual sanitization efforts undertaken craftsmen specializing in this field, is about 6 thousand. rub.

In carrying out major cleaning of the walls of siltation, which is conducted every five years, will have to spend another 7 thousand. rubles. If necessary, replace the bottom of the filter, it doubles the cost of work.

And here rinse well in this regard, it is cheaper. With proper arrangement of the well care of the hydraulic structure is reduced only to the work of the monitoring system, as that does not require an annual cleansing.

Prophylactic cleaning systems meet every five years. The cost of service depending on the depth of structures ranges from 6 to 50 thousand. rub.

Clean water from the well is performed by setting the filters. Take care of the filter elements is easy to design: they only need to be cleaned and replaced as needed.

facilities installation Features

The technology and facilities requirements for the placement of mine and tube wells is also a number of significant differences that affect the choice of the type of water source for everything suburban estates.

Site Requirements accommodation

At arrangement of the well it is important to maintain a distance from the buried septic tanks, sewer lines and surface contaminants. With regard to the existing sanitary norms, it should be at least 50 meters from septic tanks located in the area of ​​cesspools, latrines and stockyards.

When choosing a location for drilling a sand hole, this distance can be reduced by up to 30 meters without having to worry that the domestic sewage contaminated surface water will get to the point of abstraction.

Closed design structures whose walls are made of strong moisture resistant concrete rings, can prevent its penetration into the cavities of contaminated water and debris. The more we talked about the design of the area vodosnabzhnnskvazhiny This material.

to the arrangement of an artesian well the requirements are stricter. Industrial plants and other sources of chemical contamination must be removed to a distance of more than 300 meters on the location of the well.

Distance from landfills, burial grounds and centralized sewage should be at least 200 meters. House and outbuildings and must be removed for at least 30 meters.

Obtaining permits and construction time

When constructing a well with a first depth to the aquifer aeration zone, which is 20 meters, receive no need for any authorization documents. Determine the horizon of the aquifer can be empirically, or to apply for the issuance of geological information in your area Territorial Fund.

Planning to drill a well for the extraction of deep water horizon which is more than 20 meters, before starting work you need to get a package of permits.

To qualify for the drilling of artesian wells and the use of water extracted from the subsoil are developing a project, which describe:

• What breed crosses well;
• the depth at which the filters are located;
• Whether provided cementation pipe and to what depth.

License is issued only to the wells designated for the selection of artesian water. Along with the license, the well owner receives the disposal agreement, pledging thereby to take in reporting statistics, and the tax authorities to pay taxes.

The attached documents to the passport all the necessary characteristics will be displayed on the well:

• coordinates of the location of the well;
• immersion depth;
• piezometric levels and dynamic;
• Casing sizes used;
• performance of buildings.

Self drilling process will take less time than performing procedures to harmonize the project in a variety of instances. For the resettlement of sand wells and hydraulic structure of the "needle" it takes an average of one to two days. Worth more to read about methods of drilling and their features.

Abyssinian well drilling can be performed on its own, using a manual method using an auger with a diameter of 150 mm.

Drilling artesian well is better to involve professionals, concluding a treaty with them on work. Indeed, any deviation from the vertical of the barrel during assembly may result in the need to redo the work again.

When installing the well there is no need to issue a building permit. According to article 19 of the "Law on mineral resources", on private land is allowed to build underground facilities at a maximum depth of 5 meters.

Complexity well construction It is mainly in labor-intensive process of execution of the mine - it has a large number of structural parts. Thus, in the construction of concrete walls in the construction of the barrel 30 meters depth required concrete rings 33, at the height of articles 90 centimeters, and the same joints for their connection.

For comparison: in the regeneration of wells used pipeLength segments which is 2.06 meters. Consequently, the connecting seams they have less.

The only thing - after the construction of the well material object, it is desirable to register officially, making it to the site plan. BTI no sanctions on unauthorized construction of the well does not impose. The technical design of the site - the only official document, on which the well will be indicated.

The operation period of construction

The term of service of the well is 30 to 50 years.

Stable operation of hydraulic structures such as downhole averages:

• "Abyssinian needle" - from 5 to 7 years;
• sand wells - up to 15 years;
• Artesian over 50 years.

The service life of both types of hydraulic structures depends on the quality of the system arrangement, regular maintenance of soil structure and chemical composition of the terrain produced water.

The amount and quality of produced water

A significant parameter when choosing between the well and the well is also the maximum amount of water, "extracted" from the source. Some mistakenly believe the water in the well is much less than in the well, arguing that the well has a much larger cross-section size than the same well. In fact it is not.

Features water intake from the well

Due to the fact that the well is filled with water only Quaternary sediments value tributaries waterworks limited performance to 0.5 cubic meters / hour. Maintenance of a small plot with a house of this volume is enough.

But in the regeneration of a large area of ​​the site, including the cost of watering green spaces, pool filling, and other household needs, this amount is clearly not enough. And, as practice shows, the volume of water in the well is recovering very slowly, and in some cases up to several hours.

If we focus on the quality of water, in this respect, win well. At arrangement of the well is not possible to ensure complete waterproofing of structures, since it is necessary to create conditions for natural inflow through the bottom.

The produced via the well water though will have mouthfeel "rust" and chlorine, but most likely after a heavy rain or flood, will still contain contaminants of groundwater. On cleaning water from the well we wrote here.

Specificity of intake water from the well

Spring water at all times was considered the most clean and healthy. Due to the fact that the well takes away the drinking water at a great depth, it is not mixed with the upland melt and flood waters. And even after heavy rains the water extracted from the well, becomes murky. The water in the well is filled quickly.

The value for tributaries type downhole hydraulic structures on average:

• "needle" - 0.5 m³ / h;
• sand hole - 1.5 m³ / h;
• artesian - 5 m³ / h.

High influx only characteristic for aquifers disposed most deeply from the surface. practically inexhaustible supply aquifer. Complete drying of the well is not possible even with the regular operation of the facility with a powerful pump.

It is worth noting that some of the owners of wells have complained that the water extracted in this way has a slightly metallic taste. However, this effect is observed when the structures used for mounting the pipe made of low-grade metal.

Priority selection borehole easily due to the high integrity structure which is achieved due to snug the casing to the body structure. This makes it possible to prevent the mixing of groundwater and aquifer.

Furthermore intakes are equipped with reliable downhole type filtration systems through which a high degree of water purification. More about water treatment from the well, we spoke to our other article.

Through a narrow throat closed with a lid in the hole can not penetrate the insects and small amphibians, which rotting process can release toxic substances, thereby contributing to multiplication of pathogens.

Conclusions and useful videos on the topic

Tips on choosing the best builders of source water:

Summing up, it is worth noting dug well better equip suburban areas, intended seasonal accommodation, provided that water is only a few meters from the level of ground. With a small water flow, which is mainly spent on household needs and watering of plants, excess moisture will accumulate in the shaft.

In addition, furnished well in the country, you will always be able to lift water from a depth manually, so relevant in the context of frequent power failures.

The regeneration of areas intended for year-round use, the water depth of the location on which is large enough, it is necessary to prefer still drilling. At its arrangement must first spend money, but in the process of continuous operation of the facility cost pays off.

Do you still have questions after reading this article, or you just can not decide on the best way for you to intake? Ask your questions in detail describes his situation in the comments section below - our experts and other visitors of the site will try to help you.