Protecting Gooseberries from the ColdBut in order to have a healthy shrub and get good yields from it, you need to know how to grow gooseberries correctly. The basic principles of growing
This beautiful plant can begin to bear fruit as early as 3-4 years after planting a young seedling in the ground. And up to 20 years, the shrub retains the ability to delight their owners with abundant crops. At the same time the gooseberry is not whimsical. And yet, improper care, disease and pests can be a serious problem.
There are several rules that are mandatory for each gardener:
- First of all, you need to decide on the variety of gooseberry. From this will depend on the survival rate of the bush, its fruiting, and resistance to disease.
- It is important to take a responsible approach to choosing a place to plant a plant.
- Select the exact time to plant a bush.
Care and cultivation of gooseberries includes:
- pruning;
- weeding and mulching;
- timely watering;
- gooseberry fertilizer;
- frost protection;
- proper preparation for the winter cold.
Secrets of growing gooseberries in the country
Gooseberry is considered to be the favorite of all gardeners. Caring for him does not require a lot of manpower and resources, and yields are always abundant. Therefore, the cultivation of gooseberries in the country - it is a tradition.
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Place for planting gooseberries.
Before planting a gooseberry bush, you must carefully select a suitable place for it. This will depend on the quality of the soil. The plant takes root poorly and bears fruit, and is more susceptible to diseases in the ground, which is overly moist. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid crevices and lowlands, where water accumulates, dark areas or areas with heavy clay soil. - Site preparation for planting gooseberries.
For successful cultivation of gooseberries in the garden, if there is a need, it is necessary to improve the quality of the soil by adding humus, manure or compost to it. A sufficient amount of sand at the rate of 1: 2 is applied to clay soils.
Weeds are removed in a selected area, and a hole 40 is dug 40 cm and about half a meter deep. Fertilizer is applied: up to a kilogram of compost with wood ash( 100g) or a bucket of decomposed organic matter. Everything mixes well with the ground, and is filled with water, 3-5 liters. -
Landing.
In a hole with water( pour about 5 liters right before planting), the seedling is placed neatly 5-6 cm tilted at 45˚.Its roots, along with moisture, go deep into the soil, tight to it. This "wet" planting ensures that there will be no voids at the roots, and the gooseberry will quickly take root. Pit to fill the ground, leaving a trench around the trunk.
If you plan to plant several gooseberry bushes, then the distance between them should not be less than 1.5 meters. - Planting gooseberry time.
How to grow gooseberries? The first thing to do is choose a landing time. Autumn is the best time. For example, in mid-October, and in the northern areas it is permissible to plant gooseberries even in late September. This gives the bush time to take root until the cold, then the acclimatization period falls into the winter period. And in the spring the plant is already ready to get under way in growth.
Spring planting of seedlings is permissible. And the best period for this is when the soil begins to thaw, but the buds have not yet swelled.
Gooseberry bush care
This is a series of procedures:
- Loosening and digging the soil around the stem of the plant.
- Timely fertilizer and watering gooseberries.
- Pruning a bush.
- Fight against diseases and pests.
- Preparing plants for winter.
Read also: How to plant strawberries?
Tillage
We must regularly weed the earth around the crown perimeter. If the soil on which the gooseberry is planted is “heavy”, then it is better to tidy it, since the roots of the plant are located at the surface, dig up.
Mulching with humus or peat perfectly replaces these processes. As mulch can be used and chopped thin branches, and dry grass.
Watering and gooseberry fertilizer
Young seedlings need regular and abundant watering. In the future, when growing gooseberries should be watered as needed, depending on the soil and weather conditions.
Recommended to feed the plant at least 2 times a year: after flowering, and after harvesting. To do this, one bush will require 80 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium chloride( or ½ cups of ash), 40 g of nitrate and 10 kg.rotted manure. Urea can be used in spring, 30 g per 1m2.
Read also: Arrangement of garden plot in Kurdyumov
Pruning gooseberry
Sanitary pruning. This is the removal of all dry, diseased or thickening branches. It is held throughout the year.
Formative trimming. It should be carried out either in early spring or late autumn. The purpose of such pruning is to leave 4-5 branches on the bush, which are most developed. Almost all young shoots are cut, old shoots are shortened. Those branches that are more than 6 years removed.
Diseases and pests of the gooseberry
Thanks to the constant development of breeders, modern gooseberry varieties are more resistant to diseases. But under certain conditions, they are subject to various kinds of diseases, and powdery powder is the first danger for the shrubs.
What are the adverse factors dangerous for the plant:
- Lack of maintenance;
- Prolonged humidity;
- Cool weather.
How to take care of his health?
Good drainage or regular weeding will help remove excess moisture. If you are aware of the approaching frost, you can water the bush in advance or insulate it with a special material( the film must be removed during the day).
American powdery mildew is the first enemy of the gooseberry, but also rot, spotting and anthracnose threaten the plant. It should be carried out abundant spraying of plants after leaf fall in the fall, or in the spring before bud dissolving iron sulphate( 3 g per 1 liter of water).These are both preventive measures and treatment at the first detection of signs of the disease.
Ash infusion is effective from aphids and other pests( 1 kg. Per 3 liters of water).In early spring and after flowering, the bush is treated as a preventive measure.
Diseases affect the yield of the plant, so it is important to monitor the condition of the bush, and respond to all its needs in time.
Protecting the gooseberry from the cold
The gooseberry is unpretentious, and under the falling snow its roots will feel sufficiently protected. But gardeners recommend not to forget to treat the bush with means that will help the plant not to get sick and give excellent harvest.
- The first thing to do after harvesting and dropping foliage is to collect all the plant garbage from under the bush. Then it is necessary to process the gooseberry 1% Bordeaux liquid, carefully sprinkling it.
- The next step is to dig up the ground near the trunk, to prevent insects from wintering.
- Now you need to fertilize the plant.
Growing gooseberries in different climatic conditions
When choosing a gooseberry variety, it is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions under which it will grow. And accordingly, take care of the plant depending on the air temperature, the nature and amount of average annual precipitation, and other features of the weather conditions of one or another area.
Read also: Gooseberry Gooseberry - planting and care
For example, in particular the cultivation of gooseberry in Siberia includes additional measures to prepare for winter.
A shrub, besides the fact that it is covered with earth at the base or sawdust, forming a mound, is also covered with agrospanum. This is if the hard frost came before the snow.
In the case when the snow has already fallen, you can gently bend the gooseberry bush to the ground, fixing it with boards, and cover it with snow. In this case, the gooseberry perezimet great even in particularly cold regions of the country.
Some varieties of gooseberry can even do without additional shelter. These include "Houghton", "Red Large" and others.
For successful cultivation of gooseberries in the suburbs, you need to take a responsible approach to the selection of suitable varieties. What are the requirements for them:
- Powdery Mildew Resistance;
- Early and medium ripening varieties are best suited;
- Those that are already well recommended as suitable for growing in central Russia. For example, "Reliable", "Malachite", "Spring", "Plum" and many others.
Features of growing gooseberries from seeds
For many gardeners it is not difficult to grow gooseberries from seedlings. But there are other ways, for example, by seed or layering.
Here are a few secrets of growing gooseberries from seeds:
- It is necessary to collect seeds from ripe berries and wash them off the mash, dry them.
- Seeds should not be stored, and after they dry out, immediately sow.
- At the bottom of the pots must be laid drainage.
- The soil should contain equal proportions of the earthy fertile mixture from the vegetable garden, the humus mixture and sand.
- Sow to a depth of 0.5 cm., Every 5 cm.
- Pour and cover with foil, and put the pots in a room with a temperature of 3-5 ° C.
- Do not allow the soil to dry out.
In the middle of spring, the pots are taken out into the garden and buried. Grown up seedlings spike when 2 true leaves appear on them. The land where they land should be well fertilized: 10 kg per square meter.fermented manure, and the same amount of humus. In the future, the soil should be regularly loosened, watered and fertilized young gooseberry saplings.
How to grow gooseberries( video)
