Deciding how to heat their own home, the host can choose from a variety of heating technologies. They have in common is a similar set of structural elements, which includes the boiler, piping and heating devices that are directly heated room.
There are differences in the pipe connection schemes, one of its variants - beam heating system, the characteristics and rules of construction of which will be discussed in the article. We have described in detail the specifics of the collector wiring led versions of its devices. Designated criteria for selecting equipment for circuit structures.
For a visual perception of the information provided text is supplemented by a selection of photos, helpful diagrams, video.
The content of the article:
- Compelling benefits of radiation wiring
-
The organizing principle of radiation scheme
- Choosing a circulation pump
- Terms circulation pump installation
- Is it possible without a pump?
- Choosing a distribution manifold
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Wiring diagram for wiring of radiation
- What should be done prior to installation?
- Rules of installation radiation wiring
- Radial layout and floor heating
- Options for wooden houses
- Analysis of the arguments "for" and "against"
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Compelling benefits of radiation wiring
The main task of the heating system - to compensate the heat that the building loses due to differences between the internal and external air temperature, and also in connection with different degrees of thermal conductivity of the outer walls. Its solution depends on well-chosen circuit wiring tubesDelivering coolant to the devices.
In practice, connect all heating devices can be put together by the following methods:
- tee connection;
- beam (Collector) connected, when every heater reservoir is supplied via a separate pair of tubes for the forward and reverse flow of coolant.
Tee or perimeter less type pipe joint. But due to the fact that the devices are connected to each other and are connected to a common pipe riser system You will need to completely disconnect and release from the coolant to the radiator or separate maintenance portion. Or equipped with bypass and isolation valves, which greatly increase the cost of heating your organization.
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Conclusive argument radiation heating apparatus is its efficiency, much exceeding contours tee wiring
Bussing radiation heating varieties carried out on the floors. Arranged mainly to lower eyeliner to devices
Construction of heating systems ray principle has been made possible thanks to the development and introduction of metal-plastic and polypropylene reinforced pipes
Tubes are supplied to each heating device in the form of rays emanating from the distributor comb - collector
Parallel connection of devices to the pipeline principle provides almost equal to the temperature in them. The difference between the supply and return temperature is also minimal, which significantly reduces the load on the system
The collector system can be only one ring connected to the comb, or several secondary rings, in which coolant is supplied through the primary ring
For normal operation, the system is equipped with at least one circulating pump, although recommended to install them on each of the rings. Fits bleed valve, pressure gauge and pressure relief valve
A collector in the cabinet in two-storey houses set on the floor by one collector, which is connected between the risers
Weighty advantage radiotherapy system
Floor Level circuit device
The use of flexible plastic pipes
Option liner pipe to a radiator
Technical merit beam options
The principle of the primary and secondary rings
Technical equipment of the radial layout
Collector in the cabinet designed for him
In the traditional perimeter wiring the entire pipeline is most often mounted open way, rarely hidden. Radiation heating systems advantageously laid in the walls or the floor, because a large number of pipes laid on top of the structures, a negative effect on the interior.
Flush mounting extends underfloor pipe system which, in accordance with the process specifics arranged on ray diagram. Beam pipe to the radiators also laid screed floor hidden way, because it is better to technological and architectural reasons.
Pipeline assembly of beam pattern will cost significantly more than the perimeter of the device process system. However, due to the specifics of such a wiring heated heat transfer fluid is supplied to all points simultaneously
A large number of beam tubes using the process piping assembly can spoil the interior. So all the communication heating laid on the floor or wall.
All connections at the same time remain on the surface, so the risk of leakage under the screed is practically absent. When you tee the system can not do that, because when worn joints have to break down the walls and floor.
In order to reduce the consumption of pipes assembled on beam pattern pipes are laid not on the perimeter, and shortcuts - from the collector to the device
The main drawback of the collector wiring is a high consumption of materials, which is to a large extent. For normal operation requires technical devices, because is exclusively compulsory scheme. A major plus is that each room can be adjusted at different temperatures, creating a comfortable microclimate in any room.
Each radiator or convector connected independently, which is also convenient to carry out servicing works and the replacement of worn-out elements of the system without having to turn off the heating in the house or apartment.
Concealed installation can significantly improve the visual appearance of any room, leaving visible only the radiators
The organizing principle of radiation scheme
One of the central elements of the system is beam manifold assembly. If you are going to do heating in a house with several floors, the collector should be located on every level.
Collectors during installation is placed in the collector cabinet where the element provides a convenient location for future system maintenance or adjustment.
Radiation wiring diagram used for single- and double-tube systems. The first option assumes that the delivery and collection of coolant is made by one collector. The second option involves the use of two manifolds for supply and return
The indisputable advantage of the radial system is the minimum number of connections that positively affects the hydraulic stability of the entire heating system. The central working body - a boiler.
To ensure high efficiency and safety, the owner must take into account power unit, thermal energy consumption radiators and heat loss from the system. This must be done, no matter in what kind of fuel the boiler is working.
The growth of the length of the pipeline to create radial wiring is fraught with a slight increase in heat losses that must also be taken into account for the balance of power.
In one pipe radiation heating circuit supply wiring prepared for heating coolant devices carried by the same collector, which collects the return and sending it to the boiler (+)
Choosing a circulation pump
Radiation distributing pipe used mainly in horizontal circuits with lower feed coolant. It requires a circulating pump, stimulating the movement of the heated water on multiple branches.
Controllable coolant circulation makes it possible to reduce the temperature difference at the inlet and at the outlet from the heating circuit. As a result, possible to increase the heating efficiency by making the system more compact and less material.
In the selection and installation of the circulating pump is necessary to consider a number of features that you can use to achieve high efficiency of the entire system
This machine has been selected for several important parameters, including:
- capacity, m3/час;
- head height, m.
to properly pick up the circulation pump under these parameters, it is necessary to take into account the diameter of the pipes, their length and position of height relative to the level of finding the pump unit. In drawing up the heating system installation project, these parameters are calculated in advance.
Terms circulation pump installation
Adhering following the instructions, can be milked high heating efficiency and safety:
- Circulating glandless pumps are installed so that the shaft has a horizontal position;
- with thermostat device should not be close to the hot surfaces (radiator or boiler), to avoid distorted readings;
- usually installed on the back portion of the pipeline since lower temperatures. Current models can be mounted in the flow line, maintaining the high temperature conditions;
- heating circuit must be equipped with air bleed mechanism. If there is no, then the pump must have the air vent;
- It should be placed as close as possible to the expansion tank;
- before the pump installation is recommended to flush the system to remove solids;
- before starting the pump fill the system with water;
To avoid becoming a victim of excessive noise, pick the pump in accordance with the heating capacity of the system.
Is it possible without a pump?
Of course, you can save and not to buy the pump, air to air bleed, Sensors, etc. But ray system with natural circulation requires compliance with a few not very comfortable conditions.
Experts recommend that such an option in extremely rare cases. Firstly, you will need the installation of large diameter pipes. Secondly, the expansion tank must be installed at the highest point of the object.
To save on components, you can do without the pump, but this is only possible under certain conditions and only for small buildings
This embodiment is suitable for giving or other modest object of providing heat sufficient area. The choice between the natural circulation and forced should be done at the design stage.
Choosing a distribution manifold
This device is also called Manifold. It serves for supplying coolant to each heating device (Heated floor, radiators, convectors, etc.). By means of the return manifold outflow also occurs, which is then supplied to the boiler or re-mixed into the circuit for temperature regulation.
The collector can support from 2 to 12 contours. Some manufacturers offer more branches for implementation of complex projects.
Manifold - this is the main transport terminal, which serves to distribute coolant in the right amount for each room or heating device
Combs are often equipped with additional shut-off and regulating thermostatic elements. They allow you to configure the optimum coolant flow for each heating branch. The presence of air vent in a more efficient and safe operation.
Wiring diagram for wiring of radiation
Choosing the heating circuit, in most cases, the radial stop per floor wiring conduit. All pipes are hidden from the eyes to the floor thickness. Collector - the main distributor member mounted in the niche wall fence, often in a special cupboard located in the center of the house / apartment.
In most cases, the implementation requires wiring beam circulating pump, and sometimes several mounted on each ring or branch. Its necessity is described above. Radiation wiring assemblies often the heating system is carried out on the basis of one- and two-pipe installation, almost completely displacing the Tee connection type.
This is a simplified wiring diagram of radiation, wherein each radiator is connected to the collector terminal for the forward and return flow of coolant
On each floor near the riser pipe system mounted supply and return manifolds. Under the floor of the pipe from both collectors are held in the wall or under the floor and connected to each radiator within the floor.
Each of the circuits must have approximately the same length. If this fails to achieve, each ring must be fitted with its own a circulating pump and automation for temperature regulation.
The change in temperature is completely independent on each circuit and will not affect each other. Because the pipeline will be under the screed, each radiator must be equipped with an air valve. Air vent can be placed also on the collector.
What should be done prior to installation?
Before starting work, the master task is to correct selection of components and the location of places of the equipment, as follows:
- determine location radiators;
- select the type of radiatorBasis of the pressure indicators, and type of coolant as well as determine the number of sections or panels area (Make the calculation of heat loss and calculate the thermal power needed for high-quality heating each rooms);
- schematically depict the location of radiators and routes of the pipeline, not forgetting the other heating elements (boiler, manifolds, pumps, etc.);
- make a paper list all the items and make a purchase. To avoid mistakes in the calculation, you can invite a specialist.
So, to proceed to the next stage, it is necessary to take into account the rules of beam mounting system
Rules of installation radiation wiring
If you chose laying pipes under the floor, follow a few rules that will help prevent heat loss and freezing of the coolant. Between roughing and finishing floor should be sufficient space (this hereinafter).
When installing the pipes in the floor is important to take into account several requirements, one of which is that there is sufficient space between the finish and rough floors
As the subfloor can be concrete foundation slab. On it a layer of insulation is laid first, and then arrange the conduit. If lay pipes without insulating substrate, the water in these areas may freeze, losing a lot of heat.
As for the pipes, it is better to opt for plastic or metal-plastic models, which have a high degree of flexibility. The pipeline is made of polypropylene badly bent, so is not suitable for the beam layout.
In most cases, pipe diameter 16 - 20 mm (if the radiator power in excess of 1.5 kW, the 20 mm), which is put on the heat insulating corrugation to reduce heat loss and thermal compensation expansion.
The pipeline must be attached to the base so that it does not surfaced during casting finishing screed layer. Secure by using mounting belts, plastic clips or other available methods.
Pipe under the screed it is necessary to insulate, reduce heat to low milking, and necessarily must be put a layer of insulation on the ground floor
Is then laid around the pipe insulation layer at 50 mm from Penoplex or foam. The insulation is also attached to the base floor using dowels, nails. The final step is the filling solution layer of 5-7 cm, which will serve as a basis the finished floor. On this surface can already laid any floor covering.
If the pipe laying is made on the second floor and above, the installation of the thermal insulation layer is optional. Remember one important rule in pipeline segments, located below the floor, there should be no compounds.
In the presence of circulating pump of sufficient power and performance sometimes collector positioned relative to the floor below the level of the radiator arrangement.
If the collector is located on the lower level (basement), then you need to consider a few rules properly wired pipe from the comb to the radiators, which are at the next level
From the manifold pipe vertically lifted to the ceiling. Then, bending is made along the ceiling and the conduit is supplied to each radiator with another bend 90 degrees. On the ceiling of the pipe must be attached. Thus, the vertical pipe connected through overlapping with each heater.
Radial layout and floor heating
Radiation scheme can be applied to a system arrangement of a "warm" floor. When competently drafting taking into account all factors can be dispensed with radiators, floor heating by making the main source of heating.
Heat flows will be distributed evenly throughout the room without creating a convection effect, unlike radiators. As a result, there is no dust in the air circulation.
Before you take up the implementation of the idea of the unit of water underfloor heating it is important to consider the following features:
- on concrete or wooden support is placed the reflecting screen with a layer of insulation;
- is laid on top of the pipe loop circuit;
- before pouring concrete to produce the hydraulic pressure test of the system during the day;
- finishing layer or performs screed flooring.
each circuit manifold must be equipped with flow meters and thermostatic valves, which allows accurate control of coolant flow and regulate its temperature.
When wiring pipes can use thermostatic heads and actuators. These devices make it possible to automate the operation of floor heating. The system will respond to changes in room temperature, adjusting the comfort mode for each room.
Radiation wiring for underfloor heating manifold requires equipping several components that allow control, automate and manage floor heating for maximum comfort and energy efficiency
When installation is extremely important to fix the pipes before pouring all tie. You can use the heater with the slots, a mesh, or staples.
Before laying the pipeline it is necessary to clearly define the route that coolant will be overcome for underfloor heating (to avoid crossing pipes). Cut the pipe is best only after complete laying and liner to the opposite and supply manifold.
It is important that when priming the pipeline was under pressure. While the concrete mixture hardens completely and not be held for three weeks, the supply temperature to the working temperature can not. Only then we start with 25 ° C and after 4 days of completing the design temperature.
Options for wooden houses
To lay the pipeline in a wooden base, it is necessary to drill holes in the wood joists. In this case the holes should be slightly larger than the diameter of pipes to the beam and the entire structure not create pressure on the pipeline.
When mounting the beam layout in hardwood floors it is important that the floor construction does not create pressure on the pipe, and the latter are properly locked
In our example, the blister timber floor, and which pipe system is located. Yet again, in the thickness of the floor should not be any compounds as they should be located exclusively above the floor.
Analysis of the arguments "for" and "against"
Let's start with the cons. In addition to the consumption of materials, which affects the cost of the project is the need to install the collector cabinet, for which you will need additional space.
On this beam system flaws end and the ridge begins advantages:
- a simple design and installation, are used within the system of one pipe diameter;
- with concealed wiring in the walls and the floor do not have connections;
- Fitting a high speed due to a minimum number of connections;
- functionality expansion valves due to mounting of sensors and vozduhotvodchikov thermoheads for automation of the heating system;
- temperature control in each room, using mechanical elements or automatic;
- cut off any possibility of the radiator without interrupting the heating process;
- uniform heating of all rooms.
The control panel allows an external programming heating operation, including an automatic setting depending on the weather conditions on the street. Thanks to all the installed sensors tenants can ask any comfort to their parameters, being in a particular room.
Ray system financially costly in terms of implementation, but is ahead of all the other options in the configuration flexibility and ensure the efficiency of the entire heating
Thus, beam routing scheme achieves high controllability with heating and to achieve an optimum coolant flow rate.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Roller will clearly understand the characteristics of the installation and to understand how the heating system with radiation wiring:
Energy efficient heating system - it is a balanced combination of all its components. Wiring pipe serves as a kind of the circulatory system for heating. Beam Riser installation method enables you to deliver as much coolant as needed to each operating unit for optimum performance.
Do you want to ask questions about the ambiguities that are interested in the course of acquaintance with the material? Would you like to report on the device useful subtleties ray systems? Please write comments, located in the block below.
