.How much does a cow give milk per day, and how many livestock do you need to provide dairy products to the population of many countries? The creation of highly productive breeds and the conditions of the dairy herd allow to receive from one cow up to 80 liters of milk in ideal conditions of feeding and housing. What does the productivity of a cow depend on?
Keeping a household cow in a household means having milk, cottage cheese, sour cream 10 months a year on the table. The annual offspring provides the family with meat. At the same time, a healthy daughter is selected, who is raised to replace a cow that is aging and losing productivity. The yield and character of the animal are inherited. Cows from a good cow are ready to buy neighbors, not stingy.
There are several very productive breeds known in the world:
- Golshtinskaya - daily milk yield up to 110 kg;
- Yaroslavl - up to 62 kg;
- Kholmogorskaya - up to 78 kg.
But this is the maximum exposure of an individual at the peak of lactation in ideal conditions. Productive breeds require special feed and content. The local breeds, less productive, but adapted to the climate of the region, are more suitable for the home compound. So, the Yakut cow of small stature with long thick hair feeds on rough feed, pasturing to a steady snow cover. How much does a cow give milk per day? For 2 yields of 10 liters of milk, in winter it survives even on straw in a cold pen.
Simmental cows are recognized as the best in the world. They are the property of Switzerland. With a yield of 5000 l / year, they have a fat content of 3.8-4%.
Signs of high survivability when choosing a nurse will be:
- body elongated and flattened on the sides;
- legs are long, belly abdomen, head neat, light;
- neck thin, wrinkled skin;
- back is flat, the backbone is protruding, the edges are oblique;
- cow udder smooth, without seals and dips, skin and nipples are clean, there are folds, a reserve for increase with stripping.
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When viewed, a cow should not kick and butt. Grumpy nature of the animal will not bring joy in communication. Anxiety of the animal can be a reaction to pain during touch, it should alert the buyer.
What kind of cow should be considered good for the household yard
The main indicator will be how much a cow gives milk per day. At the same time, it is necessary to understand that nature laid the lactation in the genetics of cows for feeding offspring. For the calf is intended milk, which we receive. Therefore, the milk from the cow varies depending on the time when it was calved, whether it is bearing the offspring again.
No less important is the taste and fat content of milk in a cow. Taste depends on the food being fed. The milkiness of the milk changes even during one milking. First, low-fat milk is expressed. The most fatty, lower milk. This is what they hand over to the last drop, not allowing mastitis to develop in stagnant zones.
The famous Vologda butter cannot be obtained anywhere except Vologda. A special flavor, which is impossible to fake, is given to milk by local herbs.
It is known that the more productive a cow, the lower the average fat content of milk. At home, the fat content of milk depends on heredity, but feed can make adjustments. Increases the fat content of hay and cattle grazing in forest glades, in the steppe with grasses and water meadows. If a cow gets a yeast supplement bran, crushed fruit and special feed, fat content and milk yield increases. Daily addition of salt 70-90 grams per cow is necessary to maintain balance.
In Russia, the Bestuzhevskaya breed of cows should be considered productive. The productivity of the breed is 600-700 kg per year. At home, bullheads weigh up to 700 kg. Bred breed in the Samara and Ulyanovsk regions, Tatarstan, Bashkiria.
Physiologically, the fat content of milk in a cow is higher in the first month of lactation, then it decreases by 2 months, but the milk becomes larger. From 4 months, milk yield gradually begins to fall, and the cream content in milk increases. And this will happen until the nurse gives up to half a liter of milk. Then prisushka occurs. Usually the dry period begins 2 months before calving. But while there is milk, it is impossible to throw milking, inflammation of the milk ducts can occur.
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How to choose a milking machine for cows
If there are 1-2 cows in a household, the hostess does without a special milking machine. Manually freeing the udder from the milk is hard work. Tired fingers and arm muscles. It is necessary to feed the udder, it is impossible to skip the milking time, the next milk yield will be less. Therefore, to facilitate the work was created milking machine. He pulsating impact on the nipples during milking creates sensations calf calf and collects milk in a bucket.
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There are 2 ways to suck milk from the udder: under vacuum and clutch release. Three-stroke release method physiologically resembles calf sucking or manual milking. He less injured nipples. All milking machines are noisy. Therefore, it is necessary to give the cow time to get used to the technique, in advance when milking with hands to turn on the machine. The effectiveness of the installation is judged by the results:
- speed and completeness of issuance;
- the reliability of fixing the glasses on the nipples;
- degree and nature of noise.
The price of the milking machine for cows depends on the type of installation, its configuration. The quality of products does not always match the price.
The Sacrament of Milking a Domestic Nursery
Cleanly dressed, tied with an apron with a bucket, the hostess appears in the pen. She strokes a cow, speaks her affectionate words, washes the udder with warm water, wipes it with a hard towel. After this, it makes a massage, smoothing the udder and massaging it with gentle gentle movements. The cow relaxed, her stomach sank, and the hostess trustingly settles near the foot of the nurse.
How to milk a cow to give all the milk? The sacrament of communication of an animal with a person should not violate extraneous conversations with pets. Slowly and gently, the hostess relieves the udder from the burden of milk. It is rubbed with a towel, the nipples are smeared with technical petroleum jelly without fragrance. The cow is stroked and given a bucket of tasty swill with flour mash or bran. How much a cow gives milk per day depends on her contact with the mistress.
How to get more milk from a cow -
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