Usually this is a huge, by our standards, tree up to 25 meters. has a very indirect relationship with Greece: fruits were brought from the south, and “there is everything in Greece”.Surely, there he grows too, wild forms of this tree are common in Europe.
Looks impressively tree. A separately growing nut does not only differ in height - its crown also reaches a diameter of 20 meters.
By European standards, it is a long-liver( second after oak) - there are often instances of 300-400-year-old trees.
The development of a tree begins with the formation of a powerful taproot, which reaches 1.5 meters in depth in the 5th year and 3.5 meters by the age of 20.
Horizontal does not grow immediately - they are formed after the core, located in the surface layer of soil at a depth of 20-50 centimeters.
The tree begins to bear fruit after 10 years of life, and from 30-40 years of age comes the time of full fruiting.
But such cases are rare, only a tree with an age of 150-170 years is capable of such a crop. Usually, an adult tree of 25-40 years old in Moldova produces 1500-2000 fruits or 2000-2500 in Crimea.
Table of contents
- Moscow region, central Russia - where else can you plant and grow walnut
- How and when to plant and grow a tree from seedlings: conditions of
- Care after planting: spring, summer and autumn
- and after
- Vaccination
- Reproduction at the cottage
Moscow region, central Russia - where else can you plant and grow walnut
They are found in the European part from the foothills of the Caucasus to St. Petersburg where they grow The most northern nuts in Russia. But these are isolated cases, exceptions, which only prove the rule.
These trees do not freeze out completely, but they do not grow in full force.
The main factor determining the possibility of growing this southern tree is not a winter subzero temperature. The sum of average daily temperatures above 10 degrees is taken into account. It can not be less than 190 C.
Manchurian walnut hybrids showed the best winter resistance.
When planting even the best seed brought from the south, adaptation to the cold climate does not occur - such trees freeze slightly and practically do not bear fruit.
It is absolutely not suitable for growing varieties from places with a humid warm climate ( west and south of Ukraine, the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus).
Only nuts from eastern Ukraine, the mountains of Central Asia or the Caucasus successfully adapt to the new conditions of central Russia.
Moreover, is better to grow a nut out of the stone. - imported seedling( even from the specified regions) will be significantly inferior in terms of endurance and adaptability to new conditions.
Walnut is found in the European part of Russia from the foothills of the Caucasus to St. Petersburg How and when to plant and grow a tree from a seedling: conditions
You must immediately plant it at a permanent place .Already a 5-year-old tree to transplant is unrealistic. Therefore, to determine the need to take into account all the factors and calculate the consequences.
A strong-growing tree is capable of forming a dense shadow over an area of approximately 100 sq.m. This area you have to strike out of circulation - under a walnut does not have much to bear ( the strong suppressive effect of the biofield of a huge tree affects).
Select a landing site at the edge of the garden , so as not to shade other trees. The nut is very unpretentious to the ground, although it prefers loose sandy-stony soil.
Walnut prefers loose sandy-stony soil, it should not be too fertile.crushed stone) - this method allows you to shift the flowering time of the tree for 1-2 weeks( the stones warm up slowly, the nut starts growing a little later, skipping the frost period). A half-bucket of ash, compost or humus is introduced into the pit. The soil should not be too fertile, the nut will grow intensively and will not have time to prepare for winter.
A sapling for planting needs to be taken only from a trusted seller, otherwise you will not get anything except frostbitten branches of the southern tree, you will not be able to wait for the harvest.
It is believed that a nut planted with its own hand from a bone will grow into a tree practically adapted to the new conditions, which will develop successfully.
Seeds are planted in the fall right into the ground at a depth of 7-10 cm .It is advisable to lay in the soil sideways on the seam. Spring planting requires 2-3 months of stratification in wet sand.
Special care for seedlings is not required - in the middle lane even the pest nut does not have .
How to plant a one-year seedling of nuts:
Care after planting: in spring, summer and autumn
How to care? Walnut may need watering only in spring and early summer , when there is an intensive growth of green mass. Usually the tree has enough soil reserves of winter moisture.
Water only young trees up to 5-7 years old, if it is completely dry.
The core root system of the southern tree is adapted to find water in the lower horizons. After 10 years of age, watering nut should be forgotten.
For it, an excess of moisture threatens too much growth of , to the detriment of ripening and preparing wood for winter. Frosting after a wet summer is guaranteed.
In addition to the cessation of watering, it is necessary to take care of the preparation for the winter of the root system. Therefore, pristvolny circles should be mulched with any organic matter or compost :
- in the summer - to preserve moisture;
- in the fall - to protect the topsoil from freezing.
Stamb up to a height of about 1 m is useful to cover with a spruce branches or wrap newspapers in several layers( after the first frost).This will help survive -40 degrees and lower.
Such a shelter is necessary only in the early years of - the tree should be hardened naturally.
A walnut may need watering only in spring and early summer when there is an intensive green mass growth. In the spring, nitrogen fertilizers are applied, in the second half of summer, only potash and phosphate fertilizers, which are responsible for preparing the tree for winter and laying the fruit buds of the next crop.
On nitrogen fertilized soil, you can not feed at all, and phosphate and potash fertilizers to be applied( in terms of the active substance) at 10 g / sq.m.
Practice shows that the rule applies to all cases where a nut does not grow on obvious stones and clay.
What particularly pleases is that the walnut has no natural enemies, , in the middle lane of an .It has already been said that flies and mosquitoes fly around him.
Not only that - from a nut leaf you can prepare a very effective remedy for aphids and various caterpillars, which are successfully used in Ukraine.
The home remedy, which is absolutely harmless to humans, allows treating trees and bushes with fruit and berries ovaries.
Vaccination
Unfortunately, walnut cuttings are not rooted - reproduction occurs only by seed.
Vaccination is carried out in cases where:
- has a seedling for sure of a winter-hardy Manchurian nut, for which -40 in winter is not a problem;
- planted variety did not meet expectations - it became possible to reprime it.
Annual seedlings are grafted and split, under control, in a greenhouse to a salable condition.
Young trees that have already given the first few nuts, can be reprimed according to the “eye budding” type - only the bark is removed from the kidney in the form of a semi-tube( the method is called) and combined with the same cut on the rootstock.
Before complete healing, the vaccination site is tied with a film.
The result of grafting an adult walnut tree:
Reproduction at the cottage
The main method of obtaining seedlings - growing from seeds .To simplify the process, nuts without additional processing are planted in the fall to a depth of about 10 centimeters. It is believed that it is better to lay them sideways on the seam.
Walnut is resumed by pneumatic shoots in just a year or two. These trees are able to produce fruit literally in the second year, and in 10 - already a significant crop.
The main method of obtaining seedlings - growing from seeds It turns out that walnuts can be successfully planted and grown in the country in the middle lane, in the Moscow region. It is enough to follow simple rules:
- correct choice of place;
- sapling - only zoned;
- compulsory mulching wheel circle;
- shelter from frost in the first years of life.
All of this is within the power of most gardeners. Choose a sunny place protected from cold winds - the nut will thank you.
