Technology for production and production of biogas from manure

In order to dispose of manure, it is necessary not only a special place, but also a lot of money. If private owners fully use it in their gardens in large quantities, then the agrarian farms have long since begun to process valuable raw materials into biogas. The process, as it turns out, is accessible to everyone. On the technology of production and production further our article.

What is a biography?to environmentally friendly sources of fuel. Its characteristics are such that it is quite similar to natural gas, which is produced by industrial companies. The scale of this resource is huge.

Biogas can be considered an alternative fuel, since its production requires animal waste, which is sufficient in agriculture. As a result of high-quality processing, a colorless gas is obtained which does not have a characteristic odor and contains about 70% of methane.

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The calorific value of this fuel is quite impressive. For example, 1 cu.m. recycled gas can give as much heat as 1.5 kg of coal.

Biogas is obtained from animal waste

Is it possible to obtain biogas from

manure Without fail? And to do this is quite simple. First of all, you need to equip a dedicated place and equip it with the necessary reservoir. But it should be remembered that for processing will need a lot of biomass. For reference, 1 ton of manure can turn into 100 cubic meters.m of fuel needed.

In what way is biogas mined :

• The industrial scale of the production of fuel implies a special bioreactor. With the participation of anaerobic bacteria, there is a process of processing raw materials. Fermentation takes place in the biomass and it lasts for a certain time. It is important to prevent the entry of clean air. The duration of this stage directly depends on how much biomass has been placed in the reactor.
• When this stage is at its peak, there is a continuous release of gas mass. It consists of: methane - 60% or more, carbon dioxide - 35% and 5% of other substances. Often, specialists in this field find particles of hydrogen sulfide in the composition of this mixture.
• With continuous production of gas, it is constantly removed from the bioreactor for cleaning.
• The refining process stops and biogas begins to be used for its intended purpose, cleans the installation. Waste is extracted from it, which is subsequently sent to fertilize fields.

Scheme of a biogas reactor

Stages of receiving and processing waste

Biofuel can be developed in the country or directly at the site. To do this, choose the most spacious and safe place to build structures. Then you need to build a special container of concrete. With its proper arrangement and the absence of cracks, it will serve as a real reactor.

Before starting construction, it is necessary to take into account that the spent manure must be easily retrieved after processing. The solution is simple - prepare a special hole in advance, possibly with a pipe. It must be equipped so that full tightness of the whole structure is observed. It will be effective only if the gases do not evaporate.

The choice of tank size depends on how much manure appears daily on the farm. Whether it is an ordinary yard with a small number of livestock or a full-fledged farm, in any case, the bioreactor needs to be filled no more than two-thirds of its total volume. Just so the fermentation process will proceed properly.

After construction, you need to check the functionality of the installation. After loading the biomass begins processing. You can speed up the process a bit. For this purpose, a very effective method is used - heating the raw material.

1. You can use special heating elements that are installed under the tank.
2. Connect a small coil to the central heating system and lead it under the tank.
3. You can directly heat the reactor with powerful electric-type heaters.

Variants of plants for producing fuel

Each type of equipment is designed for use in a particular area. The choice is influenced, as a rule, by weather conditions. If the climate is warm - you can get by with an inexpensive, simplified installation. Under severe conditions, additional mechanisms will be needed.

Scheme for biogas production in agriculture

Basic types:

1. Installation, designed for manual loading, in which there is no function of mixing and heating. One of the most simple and common variations. Can be used at home. Manure processing - up to 200 kg per day.
2. Equipment with manual loading and the possibility of mixing biomass. More efficient equipment at an equally low cost.
3. Updated system for manual loading, manure heating and mixing. More expensive equipment option with a reactor heated by a special boiler. It works on constantly developing biogas. Pocket for industrial firms.
4. Installation, which includes - pneumatic mass mixing mechanism, heating, gasholder and manual loading.
5. Fully automated kit for agricultural and livestock firms. Expensive and most productive.

Equipment operation principle

The operation of all equipment takes place as follows:

• Waste is loaded;
• Tank tightly closed;
• Mass is heated;
• Highlighted gas mixture;
• Biogas is cleaned and discharged for further use.

A simple installation for the reactor can be built independently

Scheme of a self-made installation

Make the entire processing structure is quite simple. Necessary to do:

1. Reactor, based on the volume of manure;
2. Special support for the reactor, where waste will be collected;
3. Valve;
4. Tube for biogas removal;
5. Heating mechanism.

The maximum performance of a home-made device will demonstrate, subject to several rules. The first is tightness. The second is the correct heating. Third - filling the tank in the normal range.

How to use fuel on the farm

With this type of fuel, which will be constantly produced on the site, you can fully heat the house and some other facilities. If there is a lot of livestock, weft volume of manure will allow to produce enough “free” clean gas for heating even a two-story building.

The second use is carbon dioxide consumption. This is easy to do with water.

Each private owner who keeps a farm can acquire productive equipment for the production of biogas. In addition, you can design it yourself. It is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions and volumes of raw materials. As a result, the benefits of using this fuel will be very tangible.