Feature of the topPruning the tops on apples and pears frees the tree from branches that do not work for the harvest, but take food and thicken the crown. Overgrown tree does not transmit light to the fruit branches, diseases develop on it. Top is called a branch that grows vertically on the trunk or on the skeletal branch. Feature of the tops of
The top is an infertile branch that takes food from a tree. But since this part of the pear does not give strength to the formation of the harvest, it gives a strong increase and competes with the central guide. You can get rid of the tops by cutting them out on a ring or gradually reclaiming them by annual formation.
The ring is an influx at the point where the branch leaves the base of its foot, the sole. In this place the wounds inflicted on the tree heal faster. When pruning the tops on apples and pears, there is a danger that instead of one stem cut on the ring, several will appear. Apple trees are less prone to the resumption of shoots, and pears on the ring in the spring can not be cut:
- Cutting on the ring of tops does not solve the problem. From each nest, several more powerful shoots will appear by autumn.
- We need to tame the top, make it work for the harvest. Do not cut shoots from the trunk or branches of the first order into the ring, work on their inclusion in the fruit bearing tiers.
- Keep a watchful eye on the fresh shoots in the summer, removing pinching tops. In the future, the branch will not develop, which will need to be deleted.
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While practicing pruning tops on apple and pear trees, the gardener uses various methods, since these trees are formed on the basis of biological features.
The difference in pruning of apple and pear
It is known that the seed-forming ability of a pear is much higher than that of an apple. This means that the top carved on an apple tree with a sharp tool, with a sharp tool, will quickly grow, as the cells in an influx are able to divide and tighten the cut. If the operation goes higher or lower, an open cut may take the infection. Pruning can be done so that the branch grows in a different direction. Such a cut is called "the external, or internal kidney."This method is used for pruning apples and pears.
In the crown always one shoot dominates, it is called central. We can not allow him to catch up or weaken the tops. Growth shoots need to be regulated, cutting off several buds and directing the newly formed branch to the formation of the fruit crown. At the same time on a pear pruning pruning is on the side escape.
If the pear is cut on a ring, by the autumn there will be several such shoots from one nest. If the apple tree is not cut on the ring, the cut will dry, rot will appear. Therefore, the requirements for removing the fattening branches on these trees are opposite. This is what distinguishes the pruning of the tops on apples and pears.
Tops on a pear cut off so as to get a branch, which can be bent and include a branch for several years in the first or second tier. After the onset of fruiting, pear grows less, moreover, it is necessary to prevent the formation of tops or turn them on by means of competent pruning and pulling into one of the fruit layers. How to properly prune pears see the video:
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The more often you pinch unnecessary sprigs on a pear in the summer, the less tops will have to be removed in the fall and spring.
Technology of pruning
pears All works related to pruning of fruit trees and shrubs are made with sharply sharpened and adjusted tools. The knife should be razor sharp. Any instrument should leave an even cut without crushing the bark and cambium. All wounds should be covered with garden pitch.
The purpose of pruning the pear is to prevent thickening, increase yields, the formation of the crown. Distinguish:
- spring formation;
- pruning whirls during flowering;
- autumn pear tree processing.
In the spring, as soon as the ambient temperature is +5, it’s time to start trimming the pear. How to form young seedlings can be seen in the diagram. But in the future, as the tree grows, annual pruning is necessary, as the fruit buds are laid on the growth. Early pruning contributes to high yield pears. As a result of pruning pears in the spring according to the scheme, the tree directs food to the flowering and fruit loading:
- All the fat branches are removed. Each branch in the tier gets maximum heating and lighting.
- Growth restriction upward is achieved by shortening the barrel by a quarter of last year's growth.
- Do not leave open sections, use garden var.
- Removes branches that grow in the wrong direction, that is, not horizontally in relation to the ground.
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In the spring, the anti-aging pruning of running trees is carried out, but only partially. It can be carried out at zero temperature. At the same time it is impossible to remove all thickets, the tree will die. The process should be extended to 3-4 years.
After the appearance of foliage and before harvesting, tree care is considered summer. In summer, the care of the crown is to pluck the young tops of the branches that are not woody yet. They are easy to remove without damaging the pear. The wound is tightened instantly. Pinching or pinching is considered to be a pear pruning in summer. During sokogon, it is possible in extreme cases to apply a wound to the tree with a pruner or knife.
After harvesting, the tree must be prepared for winter. Experts believe that for early and middle varieties in the fall only sanitary pruning is allowed. For late pears, you can conduct a gentle pruning pruning in the fall in October. Later, the tree can be weakened and get freezers.
Received wounds when pruning pear will seek to close, while spending the reserves of vitality needed in the winter. In the fall, if the branch is removed, then in the ring, the stump is not left.
Regular pear pruning, removal of tops, shortening the central shoot is a necessary agrotechnical device aimed at increasing yields and preventing diseases.
