From proper ventilation devices depends on the microclimate at home, have a direct impact on the health and comfort of its occupants. Properly constructed air ducts in a private home will ensure a steady exchange of air. They will create the conditions for a regular supply of fresh portions and unobstructed drainage of polluted air.
We invite you to read the specifics of the construction of the channel of ventilation in low-rise suburban property. We set out in detail the ventilation system device technology, equipment installation, laying and fixing air ducts. Dismantled proven improvement options.
Submitted to the consideration of the information is based on building regulations. Taking into account our recommendations, you will be able to build an effective ventilation. For a visual perception of the text attached schemes, photo management and video instructions.
The content of the article:
- ventilation options in a private house
-
Features of ventilation facilities in a private house
- Rules for design of ventilation pipes
- Strengthening installing ventilation pritochnika
- Selection of the optimal ventilation system
- When it is necessary to invite specialists?
- Drafting ventilation scheme for the house
- Technology laying air ducts
- consequences of errors in the device
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
ventilation options in a private house
Room ventilation is required in order to create optimal conditions for the life and existence of the furniture and equipment in the house.
If the apartment houses all have done is given by experts, to erect buildings, this issue is often overlooked during the construction of a private estate.
Sometimes the arrangement of air ducts is considered a waste of time and money. However, they are a mandatory part of the project, providing favorable conditions for life and long-term operation of constructions
This is totally a misconception. Stale air, sweating windows, unpleasant odors from toilets and flavors of fried food with chadnym smoke will get into all the rooms and even in the bedroom. Without a properly designed and assembled the ventilation system comfortable life of inhabitants of the house will be in jeopardy.
Ventilation in a private home may be:
- natural;
- mechanical;
- mixed.
The first type is based on natural circulation air mass process. No mechanism for circulating the air in the house is not used. He gets off the street, getting through the window with micro-ventilation or air supply valves arranged in the most suitable places.
By rooms of the house, in which the valves are not installed, the air is circulated through doorways and through the gap between the door and the floor.
The exhaust air leaves the house and naturally through ventilation shafts, arranged in one of the walls of the house (+)
at mechanical type ventilation devices are used special fans and air-supply equipment. The desired amount of clean air is supplied to each room of the building, and the exhaust discharged to the outside. This is a more complex system used for large country houses and cottages.
Mixed ventilation option involves the use of first and second type. This may be mechanical installation of air-supply valve of a natural exhaust air removal system via ventshahty in the bathroom and in the kitchen. Or vice versa - the influx of natural and mechanical equipment used for the removal.
Mechanical ventilation with forced air circulation consists of equipment requiring periodic repair or replacement. Most often you need to change the filters (+)
The main advantages of natural type:
- enerogonezavisimost;
- the most inexpensive cost;
- not in need of repair;
- minimal maintenance;
- you can organize your own hands.
In addition to the positive aspects of this type of ventilation has significant disadvantages. If everything was perfect, the other options for everything just would not be used. The main disadvantages - dependence on the outside temperature and weather conditions, limited service area.
In other words, if natural ventilation during the hottest time of year, you can forget about the existence of the ventilation system in the house
The mechanical system is easy to use, after all can work on any area of the house / cottage, and does not depend on the weather. Moreover, it can be controlled at their discretion, maintaining a comfortable temperature in buildings.
Many forced ventilation system having sensors for monitoring the state of the microclimate in a room controlled by the remote
Additional features of the inlet air to heating, humidification and ionization of air masses rooms, etc. can be arranged by setting the appropriate equipment in the ventilation system.
The main disadvantages of mechanical ventilation method:
- the higher cost of equipment;
- the need for repair and replacement of individual elements of the periodic system;
- dependence on the power supply;
- you may need a professional to install and configure equipment.
Taking into account the positive and negative qualities of ventilation types, for country houses and cottages mixed type is used more often. This is justified from an economic point of view and it is quite feasible to own hands.
Features of ventilation facilities in a private house
Ventilation in the house needs to be done correctly. This will save the owner of the constant minor troubles, which in total may cool embitter the whole family.
Particularly relevant question everything moves ventilation in new houses built from materials with similar vapor tight insulation. Here, without a good mechanical ventilation it will be impossible to live.
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Regular ventilation of the private house premises is necessary for the formation of a favorable microclimate for the supply of fresh air from outside and remove exhaust air mass outside the building
In houses with independent heating and hot water preparation contours necessarily arranged a ventilation system for a complete retraction of boiler fuels and free of toxic combustion products matter
In addition to standard ventilation systems necessary for normal ventilation, the house with sewer should be equipped to sewage risers designed to drain methane entities from the system
In the construction of ventilation ducts used steel, asbestos cement and plastic pipes. Plastic is now leading due to technological, lightness and affordable material cost
Ventilation shaft can spread just like a chimney, but it should be separate channels. Prohibited combine and ventilation chimney
If the arrangement and decoration of the house used plastic construction and decoration, hinder the free air movement is necessary to organize mechanical ventilation fan installation on inflow or extract system
Ventilation ducts should not be confused with aerators designed to remove condensate from under the roof. Although outwardly they may be similar, but have different functions
Ventilation systems in addition to a regular supply of fresh air is removed from the premises of evaporation and condensation, creating a threat to both the living and for building structures
House with brick airshaft
Boiler room of a country house
Ventilation and fanovyke risers
Ventilation plastic tubes
Building brick ventilation shaft
Country mansion with a plastic construction
Aerator installation on the roof of private buildings
Galvanized liner in the ventilation shaft
About ventilation system design rules for a country of low-rise houses, you will be able to read here.
Rules for design of ventilation pipes
Properly invested in the ventilation system will be qualitatively carry out their functions and will not cause problems to the landlord. To do this, it is important to lay the vents in the house, according to the rules and recommendations.
Firstly, the size of the exhaust ventkanala Inside diameter should be at least 10x10 cm or 15x15 cm. It is better to use ready-made tubes than do channels of plasterboard - it will save installation time, and the air through the pipe is better.
For the arrangement of air ducts used galvanized metal and plastic rigid or flexible tubes of different diameters
Second, the ventilation pipe must protrude above the roof to a certain height, depending on their location. Thus, the vertical length of section ventkanala on average should be from 1.5 to 3 meters. If the overall design of the house did not fit into the tube, it is possible to use the ventilation issues in the roof.
The height of the elevation of ventilation ducts above the roof level shall be equal to the height of the chimneys. It depends on the location of the pipes relative to the ridge ribs. It is important to protect the outlet grille to birds and insects do not fall into the pit
Third, according to the regulations, it is necessary to provide ventilation and boiler room, located above the boiler room. Moreover, the purpose of this room does not matter. It may be, as an office, a library, and a bedroom or living room.
Fourthly, it is important to distinguish the concept of chimney and ventilation. In the first case, the combustion products enter the channel, and in the second - the exhaust air of the room itself. In no case can these 2 channels merge into one. This is a flagrant violation.
Ventilation issues fit well with the general idea of the roof design. You can choose the model that best matches the color
Fifth, in the kitchen you need to provide two separate channels of ventilation - for drawing and supply air. The second option - to use a special grille which connects the duct and has a separate opening for air to enter into the room. Or a good yield will be a window with micro-ventilation.
Well thought-out designs with a stepped ceiling able to mask any ventilation system
Sixth, if the house has a room intended for household needs - a dressing room, laundry room, pantry, washing and other purposes, then there is definitely need to design ventkanal. In such areas the window, through which air could flow, are not provided.
Seventh, when the air duct is laid in the wall, it is important that she was not a carrier. Arrange them in the exterior walls is not recommended - due to temperature changes there will always be formed condensate.
At arrangement ventkanala in the wall of the room such as the kitchen, bathroom, toilet, boiler room should be near
The eighth rule - wooden structure of the ceiling and the roof should not abut or touch the stone or brick ventkanala. Wood is a neighborhood can be devastating.
Ninth rule - is undesirable to use as supply valve just one window. It is not the best option. Patient nasopharynx morning at sharp change of weather for the night will be provided by the owner of the house, sleeping with an open window. This is especially true in the autumn and spring.
The tenth rule - when you can not make air ducts in the room, you can put the air inlet, drilling a through-hole in the wall. A top near the ceiling to drill a hole for the installation of the exhaust valve. This variant of the room ventilation can provide room and its occupants with fresh air.
The installation process the wall of the supply valve simple to perform:
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To install a wall vent model "DomVent Optima" stocking puncher, devices for dust and diamond drills
Are drilling a hole in the wall at an angle to the outer side of the wall. The slope of about 1%. The diameter of the drill depends on the model of the supply valve
The drilled and cleaned from dust hole set first insulating casing, and then the plastic duct. Outside the two elements should be flush with a facade insulation inside and the plastic pipe must act for 8 - 10 mm
Try on a rear portion of the housing to the place of installation and duct, mark up through the holes in terms of twist screws and fasten
For wall-mounted rear of the body there is a silencer with integrated filter and sound insulating layer
With the collected portion of the wall vent attach the cover with a flap, which is turning at different angles will adjust the airflow
Check the operation of the supply valve. If the revealed shortcomings or presence of drafts in the air ducts, eliminate defects
From the front of the vent closing plastic lattice which prevents the penetration of dust and insects
Step 1: Prepare for drilling walls before installing
Step 1: Drilling holes in the wall of the perforator
Step 3: Install the heater in the drilled hole
Step 4: Attaching the rear of the chassis
Step 5: Install exhaust filters
Step 6: Mount cover with a control valve
Step 7: Check the operation of the wall pritochnika
Step 8: installation of the outer plastic lattice
And it is important to consider the location of the private house and the surrounding area. Make a hole right at the height of 1-2 meters, to the dusty air does not penetrate into the house. If it is located next to the road, then this part of the cottage does not need to install intake valves.
A good option for arranging supply systems - windows with micro-ventilation. Passing through the chamber, the air slightly warmed
Strengthening installing ventilation pritochnika
If the design of the house ventilation system had not been given enough attention, if the house is repaired with the use of plastic materials and finish, enough to upgrade the system. To solve this problem there are several ways, for example, the installation of the wall of the valve or fans in the duct.
In the photo example, we proposed to Install compact ventilation with a breather, which cleans and heats the air flow is controlled with a smartphone:
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Before starting work for the installation of the breather and the drilling of the ventilation duct, select a suitable location
According to the markings on the wall fixing guide the machine for diamond drilling. Observe bias necessary for the outflow of the condensate outwardly
To attach the motor shaft drill bit - a pipe reinforced with diamond teeth. It is designed for fast and accurate drilling brick and concrete walls
After extracting the core from the wall of vacuum the resulting hole. If necessary, remove small burrs nazhdachkoy
The surface prepared for installation of the ventilating channel handle cement mortar or silicone adhesive and set the plastic device casing
On brackets previously installed the device to hang miniature ventilation. His position check the level, adjust if necessary
After installation and connection of the breather to the power supply, the instrument carries settings. Further heating and air purification, it monitors the temperature level of carbon dioxide and humidity in the room
Mini ventilation on the facade of the house is represented by a plastic grid that prevents dust from entering the vent channel, birds, insects
Step 1: Selecting and mark space for installation of the device
Step 2: Fix the guide of the drilling machine on the wall
Step 3: Fixing machine to the drill bit diamond
Step 4: Clean out and cleaning of the ventilation duct
Step 5: Set a plastic sleeve in the vent
Step 6: Coupling ventilation breather wall
Step 7: The connection and adjustment breather
Step 8: View mini ventilation on the facade of the house
Selection of the optimal ventilation system
Each house is unique. And the ventilation system suitable in a particular case will be different. Of great importance when selecting a system playing area of the house, number of floors, walls and roof materials. You should also take into account the amount allocated for this purpose.
The larger the area of the house more airtight and materials used in its construction, the more complex a system is required. Another point - the possibility of additional climate control. This parameter value depends directly ventilation.
Equipping themselves ventilation channels is inexpensive - you can pick up cheap pipes, valves, grids, further details of which are needed for installation
The more functions can perform ventilation system, the more expensive it will cost. But a modest budget without any additional features you can get - fresh air into the house from it does not.
Details of choosing the type of ventilation system you can read in the other popular article our website.
Air supply organizations use:
- windows with micro-ventilation;
- wooden windows. They have a natural micro-ventilation providing fresh air from the outside;
- supply valve.
Fresh air valves can be of various shapes and sizes. The materials from which they are made - metal and plastic. As for micro-ventilation windows, this option is the most convenient - no need to additionally make holes in the walls and buy valves.
To remove air from the private premises of the house, used ventshahty in the wall or laid separate ducts kitchen, pantry, boiler room and bathroom. Conveniently in such channels to set the fan to be forcibly deliver the room from the air vent.
In mechanical ventilation systems, filters that must be periodically replaced. Their service life is specified in the manufacturer's instructions
If the area of the house is small, it is enough to install windows with micro-ventilation, hoods and kitchen ventilation ducts from the boiler room and bath. Such seemingly modest, the system is quite cope with the ventilation of all rooms cottage.
When it is necessary to invite specialists?
At arrangement of ventilation ducts in a private home, you can go two ways:
- invite experts who fulfill all the turnkey;
- deal with all the issues on their own, doing the work on their own.
Each of the options is appropriate for the conditions. All design options for air ducts of the system can be divided into traditional and advanced turnkey systems. In the first case, you need to pick up the equipment, focusing on the calculations. You can not forget about the smallest detail, which will be useful when building a system.
In the second case, it is a complete solution from a specific manufacturer. For example, the German system of ventilation Selfwind, which is bought ready to set on a certain area of the house. All the components required for assembly are selected. The system resembles a collector heating system, only a lot of tubes surround the house from the inside.
These flexible plastic ducting with a diameter of 75 mm or 50 mm shrink the reservoir. They are filled with concrete screed on the floor, and those areas that are like the circulatory system throughout the house, skillfully masked designers.
In the future, this technology provides an ideal microclimate for each room with the ability to adjust the humidity, temperature and other parameters
If you select such a complex system of ventilation, facing thousands of dollars for the cottage area of 800 m2 or more, save on installation does not make sense. And time for a ventilation arrangement will need a lot.
At the construction site at home with their own hands "from scratch" to lay brick ventshahty and provide holes for the air supply valve is not difficult. Hereinafter all parts made out of natural ventilation system with special valves, and if necessary extracts. This variant is relevant for homes area 250-300 m2.
Complex and costly system of polymer vents are equipped with all necessary components for installation
Drafting ventilation scheme for the house
Ventilation scheme drawn up before the start of construction of the house or before a major overhaul. If this is the first option, then choose the device venshaht internal walls of the house, separating boiler room, kitchen, bathroom and toilet. It is these facilities most in need of ventilation.
To arrange everything properly and install the equipment necessary to take the plan of the house. If it is two or three floors, you will need to plan for each floor ()
In the diagram, you need to put fresh air ducts and exhaust air that will pass through the room. Be sure to specify where they will be placed intake valves, fans, recuperators and other equipment, which is provided in the selected ventilation system.
Focusing on the design of the scheme have to calculate the power units for each room and pick up the vent diameter.
Another important point - the need to consider each room in the open air in m3.
According to regulations, different premises is required to provide a different amount of fresh air per hour:
- Kitchen - 60 m3 and an electric stove at 90 m3 with gas;
- for bathrooms -25 m3 in hour;
- when combined bathrooms - 50 m3;
- for cabinets, children's rooms, living rooms - 3 m3 1 m2 area.
For the boiler must be laid separate ventkanal. Given the norm, it is necessary to calculate the need for fresh air and to choose the appropriate power equipment that is capable of providing the required speed of airflow. And it is important to make a margin of 30%, so that the system was not working at maximum capacity.
Technology laying air ducts
When there is a ventilation plan everything in the house, it is to implement. To this end, it acquired all the components of the future system of previously prepared scheme. Each house will have its own characteristics.
windows should be placed to the natural flow of air inside the house with mikroprovetrivaniya or wall valves
When the device type of the natural system, first laid out in the wall ventshahty - separate kitchen, furnace / boiler room, toilet or bathroom and toilet facilities. Then, decorative grilles are installed. To these channels fulfill their role, we must not forget about the permitted height above the roof.
Alternatively, it is possible to put the lattice ceiling in the room if the attic window equipped for the free circulation of air
If you want to arrange a mechanical or a mixed type of ventilation in the house, it is necessary to make the wiring ventilation pipes. For this purpose the attic space. When this is not possible, the air ducts are arranged on the ceiling of the house. Then they have to disguise any convenient way.
Supply and exhaust openings in ventilation ducts are made diffusers. The receiver and the exhaust-equipment if needed can be provided with electric heating system. If necessary, install non-return valves, carefully treating the joints with sealant.
Ventilation pipes are fixed with clamps or other fastenings provided for this purpose. All joints are sealed securely. In the future, it will guarantee the excellent work of the entire system.
Pipes can use a rectangular or circular cross-section. The diameter of the vent pipe is chosen according to calculations
The fans are mounted according to the instructions that came with it. If you intend to install complex systems, the equipment is installed as recommended by the manufacturer. Otherwise, you may lose the warranty.
consequences of errors in the device
If the ventilation system is designed correctly, the atmosphere in every room of the house is comfortable, regardless of the total area and number of residents. But often the owners of cottages and country houses of residence are facing various troubles. This is due to irregular circulation of air flows.
The problems faced by the owner of the house without ventilation:
- the windows weeping;
- fumes and smoke from the kitchen enters the living rooms;
- mold in the bathroom;
- unpleasant smell in all areas of the house;
- If the gas boiler, the gasman not take it without a proper arrangement of air ducts.
The totality of all of this leads to the fact that tenants feel uncomfortable. The disadvantage of fresh air can cause headaches, increased levels of irritability, bad mood. Unpleasant odors from bathrooms and kitchens also interfere with the comfort of life of all inhabitants of the house.
Wiring ventilation pipes in the loft is the most convenient one. This is assuming that there is free space
Another unpleasant phenomenon that occurs when the wrong company air ducts - tipping ventilation. This occurs if the duct through channel instead of warm air from the room, which should go, begins to pass the cold outside.
This problem must be fought. After all, there is no heating system is unable to cope with such heat loss. There is literally money the owner will actively fly in the vent pipe.
To this did not happen, the regulations stipulate that a ventilation duct that displays the exhaust air from the premises, should go on the roof to a minimum height of 2-3 meters.
It often happens that the owner does not know by what kind of outlet pipe there is influx. To detect leakage of warm air, you can use a simple way. To do this, he took a lighted candle, will bypass all the rooms, paying attention to how the flame behaves in air output passages from the premises.
Instead of burning candles, you can use any other source of a small open flame. For example, take a pocket lighter
If the candle flame addictive, it's all right. If it blows into the room, then the source of the unauthorized inflow of outdoor air is detected and it is necessary to understand, to take appropriate measures to address the problem.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Video # 1. On the Structure of natural ventilation in a private home:
Video # 2. Visual aid on the appointment and the use of brick ventkanala in a country house:
Video # 3. How to make laying of air ducts of solid bricks:
Video # 4. Detailed recommendations on the rules of the ventilation arrangement in a private home:
Video # 5. About ventakanalov system made of flexible plastic tubes, in a country cottage:
After examining the features of the choice of ventilation system, it is possible to choose the most viable option for your private home. Is it worth it to equip the air ducts in the home or better to invite a team of specialists, it is completely dependent on the complexity of the chosen system, the area of home and personal skills.
If you have any suggestions or interesting information on the device vents, you know how to effectively upgrade the ventilation, please write comments. To accommodate them after the text of the article there is a block. Here you can ask questions and point out shortcomings.
