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All spring and summer she hides with inconspicuous shrubs in the flower garden, unquestioningly giving priority to the pilots. Walk past her and not look. Behind the lush flowering of roses, dahlias, aquilegia, daisies, mallow and left-wing hides a modest princess in her inconspicuous dress. But, with the onset of autumn, when the colors of summer faded away, the flowers on the flowerbed withered, dried up and faded, the queen of autumn comes into its own - chrysanthemum. Bright spots of colors scattered here and there, it now attracts the eye and pleases us to the frost.
The homeland of the chrysanthemum is the Far East, where since ancient times people have been growing it. Since ancient times, the Chinese began to decorate their gardens with chrysanthemum. However, preference was given to large-flowered varieties of chrysanthemums grown in pots. This plant was a versatile tool for decorating flower gardens and residential premises.
Later, in the 6th century, chrysanthemum migrated from China to Japan, where the cultivation of this type of flower acquired its own distinctive culture. Chrysanthemums, which have retained their primitive appearance, are especially worshiped in Japan. These varieties are grown in the gardens of temples and are part of the national culture. Chrysanthemum for Japanese is a symbol of longevity, besides, she had the high honor to become the emblem of the land of the rising sun.
In 1789, the culture of growing chrysanthemums progressed to the west, to Europe. Europeans, in their usual manner, spread this wonderful plant species and knowledge of its cultivation methods throughout the continent. True, now the preference was given to bush varieties of chrysanthemums. An interesting fact is that the fashion for growing bush chrysanthemums has returned to Japan. Now the traditional culture of growing large-flowered chrysanthemums is fighting there with a newfangled culture of growing bush chrysanthemums.
Shrub Chrysanthemum Varieties
Today we know about 650 varieties of chrysanthemum. The most popular types of bush chrysanthemums can be noted:
1. Chrysanthemums are pinnate, with double flowers, and the petals completely hide the middle of the flower;
2. Non-double-leaved chrysanthemums - flowers resemble chamomile, these are flat flowers with an open middle, with single or several rows of petals;
3. Bristly or thistle-like chrysanthemums, very similar to pinnate, but with thinner
petals 4. Pompon chrysanthemums, practical round-shaped, with terry small inflorescences;
5. Anemone-shaped chrysanthemums resemble semi-double ones, but have a convex middle.
6. Spoon-shaped chrysanthemums, whose flower petals at the tips expand, resembling a spoon.
7. Chrysanthemum-fantasy, a new variety bred in Japan. In practice, these are feathery chrysanthemums, but with more elongated petals.
8. The Korean chrysanthemum( oak) stands out as a special group of cold-resistant spray chrysanthemums. This group of chrysanthemums tolerate cold, so they are popular in cold regions. Able to winter in open ground under cover.
Care
Chrysanthemum spray - light-loving plant. Planted preferably in the southern section of the flower bed.
Shrub Chrysanthemum prefers nutritious, loose soil. Infertile soil should be fertilized with rotted manure or peat, but not abused, otherwise the bush will begin to actively increase the green mass, and flowering will slow down.
Planted chrysanthemum on an overcast day. After planting the bush in the ground pinch the bush - significantly shortening with all the stems. After 3 weeks after disembarkation, they re-pinch the bush, breaking out the upper part of the stems with 2-3 knots.
The first enemy of spray chrysanthemum is excess moisture. Damping the root system leads to its rotting. Therefore, the bush should be planted in the spring in a slightly elevated area. Water the plant moderately, but regularly. It is recommended to use soft water( separated or rain) for irrigation.
During particularly hot days, special attention should be paid to it. The tender foliage of chrysanthemum can "burn", which will have a very negative impact on future flowering. Just during this period it will be enough to frequent the watering and to shade the bush from the hot rays a little.
It is very useful to fertilize, alternating organic with mineral. Organic fertilizer is prepared as follows. Bucket of mullein pour 3 buckets of water and let it brew for three days. Next, 1 liter of infusion diluted with 10 liters of water. Stir well and add 1 l each to the root of the bush.solution.the procedure is preferably done in the rain or immediately after it, so that the soil was wet.
Nitrogen fertilizers are added to stimulate the growth of the bush, and phosphate and potash fertilizers are added during the budding period. As soon as the flowering of the bush begins, the plant no longer needs feeding.
Further care for spray chrysanthemum is not difficult. It is enough to make regular watering, loosen the soil, weed weeds.
Juicy tender tops of spray chrysanthemums are a delicacy for aphids. In order to prevent it from roaming, it is necessary to spray the bush with “Actofit” or “Ratibor” solution. The procedure should be carried out 2-3 times per season.
