Contentsto say who first created the machine for washing - the patent bureaus of past years constantly received requests for registration of devices that facilitate washing. They were slightly similar to modern SMA, but they can surely be called the progenitors.
- 1797. A laundry board appeared, which lingered in people's everyday life for many years and was distributed in the USSR as well.
- 1851 American J. King patented the first machine with a rotating drum. Its main feature is a manual drive, launched by a special handle, like a meat grinder. This invention became the first prototype of the modern SM.
- 1885 By this year, people from all over the world patented more than 2,000 devices that facilitate washing. Not every device managed to win a “place under the sun”, and they were rejected or redone.
Interesting. A California gold digger created an original washing machine in 1851. This “machine” used about 10 shirts for one set of soap. Mules were used as “engines”.He no longer had to "wash" gold; instead, he provided laundry services to colleagues who paid for an enterprising inventor with the gold found. It is known that the first laundry was opened due to the need for washing with bachelors. Perhaps this refers to the history of gold seekers.
- 1861. The first device for spinning things was invented, which consisted of rollers, between which wet clothes were scrolled. The rollers adjoined to each other very tightly, pushing the water out of the laundry. Later, rollers were used even in Soviet semi-automatic washers.
- Until the turn of the 20th century, the main “drive” was living force - the efforts of people or livestock. The same principle worked device William Blackstone. A man from Indiana developed and assembled one of such machines as a gift for his wife’s birthday.
This device can be safely called the "great-grandmother" of a modern machine, since its first began to be mass produced. William set up the release and sale of his invention for $ 2.5.The company has developed so successfully that it launches washing machines from the conveyor today.
Caution! Will be in Eaton, Colorado, visit the washing machine museum, founded by Lee Maxwell. It contains a whole collection of devices of the XX century. Today it can be seen more than 600 exhibits. The main thing - they all work, so you can clearly see the principle of operation of each of the machines.
Machines with an engine
Wash has changed dramatically after the washers with motors appeared. Some of them were gasoline, the rest - electric.
The “Thor” model assembled in Chicago in 1908 got into serial production. The creator of the typewriter, A. Fisher, was known as the inventor of the technology that was unique at that time.
In the early 20s of the last century, there were more than 1,300 organizations in the USA alone that established the SM.Not everyone was destined to firmly consolidate their positions in the market, so not many have come to this day. From the "old-timers" market washing machines can distinguish the company "Whirlpool Corporation".
The improvement of washing machines continued - all the dangerous parts and assemblies were gradually hidden and covered with panels, the appearance of the equipment was more and more favorable to its purchase.
Such a “boom” provoked changes in the social structure of society - after the invention of most household appliances, the need for servants was eliminated, and queues for laundries disappeared, most of them closed. By the mid-50s, 1.4 million units of washing equipment were sold. At that time, the cost of the machine was at the level of $ 60.
It is difficult to say who created the first machine - the history of the emergence of this technique covers entire countries and too many inventors and entrepreneurs. And it is almost impossible to decide when the first machine appeared - due to the fact that the first inventions did not resemble the present SMA.
Stages of evolution
- 20s of XX century. Metal enameled counterparts replaced the wooden tanks.
- 30s. At this time, began to apply the pump, powered by electricity. A timer has been added to the design of the machines.
- 1949. This year the first programmer was invented and the first automatic washing machine was launched.
- 50sFor the first time implemented the function of automatic push-up laundry.
- 78th year. Created model with microprocessor.
- The beginning of the XXI century - the integration of the SMA into the "smart home" system.
From the early 90s to the present day, manufacturers complement and improve the design of styralok, add options and features, unique innovative technologies.
The first Soviet washer
In the 1950s, it was possible to choose from two models on the shelves of Soviet stores: “EAJA-2” and “EAJA-3”, these cars were assembled in Riga. The design, like other Soviet devices, looked little like foreign counterparts - these cars looked more like rockets.
"Vyatka"
Activator CM "Vyatka" went on sale in the 66th year. The design is indecently simple - a tank in the form of a barrel and an engine. Over the 16 years that have passed between the release of “EAJ” and “Vyatka”, nothing has changed except the design and addition in the form of a timer.
Semi-automatic models with the
centrifuge “Barrels” with a motor continued to be produced without any attempts to improve them. Reliability was positioned as the main advantage. Models with centrifuges became the “breakthrough”( in the meantime, the Americans wrung out in automatic mode).
The first machine with the spin was released under the brand name "Siberia"( a harsh typewriter - a severe name).
Automatic Machines
In the 70s, buyers finally saw automatic cars( 20 years later than the rest of the world).The first prototype is Eureka, although it did not reach the machine gun: you had to pour water on your own. But the linen was wrung out already in the same drum where it was washed.
Vyatka-Avtomat has evolved almost 15 years, and over the years a lot has changed. They were made under the license of the company "Merloni Eletromesticchi"( Italy).The model already had a couple of programs. This is the only washer that did not become a deficit in the Union - it was released during the "stagnation", and it cost 400 rubles( at that time, decent money).
Interesting! To buy an SMA, it was necessary to bring a certificate to the store stating that the wiring in the house would withstand the load of the “voracious” appliance.
The next Volga-10 car quickly lost the interest of customers, as it was inferior to Vyatka-Avtomat and consumed much more electricity.
Modern CMA
In modern models, the discrete logic has been replaced by Fuzzy Logic ( read more about it in the corresponding article).Its distinctive feature is the mass of parameters that can be set by the user, as well as information that the sensors read and are reported to the control unit.
In the latest developments, Fuzzy Logic has been replaced by UseLogic - the system analyzes all the parameters of linen, determining the optimal course of washing. During the mode itself, the processes are analyzed, investigated and corrected - this reduces the consumption of resources and washing means. At the same time, the quality of washing and the flawless appearance of the linen are maintained.
Sensor Clear Water is a development analyzing water pollution. If the sensor tells the board that the water is too turbid, the system will initiate an extra rinse on its own.
You can endlessly discuss the typewriters of our time, but this is a topic for a separate article. And you have already learned the most interesting about the history and development of this industry.
