PMM models for the kitchen there is a huge amount. Each manufacturer of dishwashing machines tends to stand out from the rest. Some dishwashers are added in the design of various sensors, and others - new blocks with additional functions.
But regardless of brand general principle of operation of household dishwasher machine class is the same. Similar vehicles from different brands and key operating units.
The content of the article:
-
The components of the dishwasher
- The main components of household PMM
- Additional elements and devices
- The importance of the ion exchanger with a salt
- The operating principle of dishwasher equipment
- Operating rules household PMM
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
The components of the dishwasher
Most of the proposed now stores automatic dishwashers - is embedded in a model kitchen from the front (vertical) load of dishes. This technique greatly simplifies the life of a housewife.
Put into the machine dirty cutlery, pressed a button - and after a while spoons, forks and plates are clean again.
Understanding the device and the operating principle of the dishwasher machine - a pledge of absolute cleanliness of utensils at the output and a long service life of kitchen equipment
To dishwasher worked properly and carefully washed the dishes, machine requires water, refined salt and detergents. In this case the water jets must have a set temperature, salt composition conform to the purity NaCl, and the liquid for washing and tablets to be suitable for a particular model.
Each node is responsible for dishwashers its part of the process of cleaning dishes. If the heater does not heat up enough water, it will pump the pump is not completely, and an ion exchanger or filter clogged, the dishes remain dirty. I have to get up to the sink and finish machine the work by hand. But then why bother to buy a dishwasher?
The main components of household PMM
The following operating units are located in a small housing of the dishwasher:
- A circulation pump for feeding water.
- Drain pump for pumping wastewater into the sewage system.
- The ion exchanger resin to soften hard water.
- Instantaneous heater (heating element with a safety thermostat).
- The temperature sensors and the liquid level inside.
- Filter wastewater treatment from food residues.
- Filter cleaning water supplied to the machine.
- Domestic washing chamber with several baskets for different dishes.
- The upper and lower spray arms (rocker with the nozzles).
- Display panel and select the operating mode.
- Control block.
Plus, the models are equipped with a heat exchanger and a fan of the drying washed dishes.
All the major operating components of the dishwasher are located at the bottom, under the washing compartment: water softening system (1) drain water receiver with a float (2), the drain and circulation pumps (3, 4), the control card (5) and the water supply valve (6)
Camera for dishes made of stainless steel. To reduce noise, the contour-door hatch is a rubber seal. Trays, cutlery made removable. This allows you to put inside the dishwasher is not only a shallow dish, but also a large frying pan or saucepan.
In most MMP pump to supply water to sprinklers and pumping it into the sink is used alone, the pump operation mode in this case is governed by the special valve (+)
On the door is a container for the detergent (liquid, powder or tablet). Another tank is made at the bottom of the chamber - this is for regenerating the ion exchanger in the salt.
At the front of the dishwashing machine are indicators of machine condition or display as well as touch panel or mechanical control. Touch-display option is the most convenient to use, but also the most expensive. In this case, a simple mechanism in the form of a knob will serve in most cases much longer.
For each type of dishes in the dishwasher provides its own basket - it protects the glass utensils and appliances from the whipping, and also provides a more thorough cleaning of their
Also included typical dishwasher includes:
- power cable;
- drain hoses dirty and clean water supply;
- shelves, baskets and trays, dishes.
Special salt and detergent compositions are consumable parts. They included not follow, but without a dishwasher include not worth it. A water bowl still not well cleaned. Plus Automatic dishwashers originally set for the availability of these funds within. If they do not exist or they are insufficient, the machine will not work, work protection.
Additional elements and devices
MMP performs operation control corresponding automation unit. It delivers the signals to the pumps, heater and the valve. However, it needs sensors that monitor what is happening inside the operating equipment. Here, each manufacturer himself determines an appropriate set of sensors.
A sensor in the car is always there - it is measuring the water temperature. maintain the proper temperature in the wash cabinet is not possible without it. Plus it also ensures that no overheated heater.
Also dishwasher machine may have sensors water composition (degree of rigidity and the presence of impurities in it), the air temperature in the kitchen, as well as the amount of detergent in salt and rinse aid solution
All of these sensors are needed to improve the efficiency of automatic PMM. The more the control unit is aware of what is happening within the chamber with the dishes, the better it is able to pick up the cleaning mode.
Another extra node is associated with drying the washed cutlery. Virtually all models of these machines suggest the presence of such a function. Only the most inexpensive options go without this option.
To make drying dishes, the machine is equipped with:
- heat exchanger;
- fan with a heating coil;
- unit with the zeolite.
The first embodiment is a plastic tank inside Appl. It is filled with cold water and heat exchange due to simple process eliminates excess moisture from the chamber when desired.
After completion of the wash water begins to evaporate from the dishes and deposit as a condensate just for this heat exchanger and the inner walls of the washing machine. The process is quite long, but this site does not require electricity to operate.
The second option energozavisim, but the dishes dry faster. However, the spinning fan a little noisy. When choosing a dishwasher with it is necessary to look to the seal on the hatch to perform not only the function to prevent leaks, but also soundproofing. The lid must be closed tightly as possible.
The third option - the latest generation of innovation, which is in the lineup until all manufacturers. Mineral zeolite if absorbed water is heated and generates heat in a dry heated air.
This hot air stream is used for drying washed kitchen utensils. This technique consumes almost one-third less power than an analog fan. Moreover, change or add zeolite is not required. He gradually recovers and gets rid of excess moisture.
Another interesting feature - a projection of time before the end of washing, or simply red "bunny" from the laser pointer when the unit is on the floor in the kitchen. The absence of this option is not critical, but the presence of simplifying control over the PMM from afar
Manufacturers of dishwashers are constantly adding new features to their models to attract buyers. The search for solutions to improve the efficiency of this technique is permanent. The larger of these add-on modules, the greater the likelihood of breakage of MMP.
The importance of the ion exchanger with a salt
Should distinguish regenerating the detergent and the sodium salt Appl. These are two different composition, which are put into different containers dishwashers. "Soap" is a reservoir on the cover, and the "sodium" is filled in a container at the bottom of the chamber for cleaning.
There are also "all-in-one" tablets. They are placed in a compartment on the machine hatch and already contain the necessary volumes of saline. But if the tap water is very hard, with a high content of magnesium and calcium, without the ion exchanger specifically designed for salt will be difficult to do. PMM without her in such a situation will inevitably and quickly break.
Special salt softens the water in the dishwasher, improves quality and eliminates cleaning utensils heater of lime scale and cutlery from white plaque from calcium
The PMM has a resin ion exchanger consisting of sodium chloride NaCl. All incoming washing flow from the water first passes through the active block, wherein the calcium and magnesium ions in the water are replaced by sodium. As a result, this prevents the formation of scale on the details of the dishwasher and stains on dishes.
Na gradually washed out of the ion exchanger and it should replace the new portion. And the use of a common food analogue can not. In extreme cases, the use of macrocrystalline acceptable salt digested groups "EXTRA". But it is best to use only specially formulated for dishwashers formulations with NaCl content greater than 99%.
salt consumption rate is determined by the settings of the dishwasher. In many models PMM make adjustment of the process need to manually with a special table. And in the course of further operation will have to continuously monitor the composition of the water and adjust the adjustment.
To save yourself from such routine immediately upon purchase select equipment with sensor stiffness. Since the machine itself will be adjusted, and the flow rate will cost a maximum NaCl.
The operating principle of dishwasher equipment
To understand how the dishwasher works in, have special knowledge of high science is required. Salt, water and detergents - these three components as a result of which the mixing occurs and the purification of dirty dishes in such art.
Job automatic dishwashers is based on the principle of step by step process - first performed one cycle, then the second, third, etc., and at the end of the car gets clean utensils
Washing dishes in the PMM takes place in four stages:
- Pre-soak (flushing large food residues).
- The main wash cycle.
- Rinsing.
- Drying.
First with the surface of the dish are removed large remnants of uneaten. Then the temperature is increased and MMP main wash begins with the addition of detergents. This occurs in cycles - kit and heating water, spraying it on the camera, the drain to the drain. Number of repetitions of this process depends on the selected washing mode.
Depending on the mode selected water temperature PMM may reach 65-700C, but at economical working embodiment it rarely rises above 500C, which significantly reduces power consumption TAN
At the end of glassware is rinsed with clean water and dried. If the machine comes with a heat exchanger, the last step may take several tens of minutes. In the presence of dried or fan module with the zeolite is much faster.
So that the water washed everything, without exception, of the folded dish washing sprinklers are constantly rotated during operation. In these yokes has several nozzles directed at the part from different angles. The more nozzles to them and, accordingly, the jets in the chamber, the more quickly and thoroughly washed utensils.
Operating rules household PMM
Designed for dishwasher tablets, liquids and powders contain a minimum of foaming ingredients. The abundance of foam is detrimental to the process of laundering ware Appl. Than its less the better. Therefore, to use in the dishwasher ordinary soap or anything like that is impossible.
Putting the dishes in the basket, it is necessary to make sure that she is not lying close to each other - the so-sprayed jet will not be able to get on the closed surface and does not wash away all leftover food
Wash in the PMM is not allowed any cutlery. Plastic contraindicated hot-air drying. Plate out of it at least softened, and may "leak" plastic drops. In the latter case, the machine is likely to instantly fail.
If the bottom of the washing chamber are eroded remnants of food, then this indicates a blocked drain filter. It needs to be cleaned regularly. But less on the dishes will be large pieces of food, the less it will have to be removed and cleaned. Better initially not to be lazy and carefully remove large residue from the plates.
Glasses and cups should be installed in the bottom of the basket up. So jets with sprinklers will be easier to get in, plus most of the water has drained from them by gravity.
And most importantly - nothing should interfere with the movement of the blades with nozzles. It will either bityu dishes, or damage to the sprinklers.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
If you have questions about the device of the dishwasher, look at The following video. We specifically picked them to simplify your understanding of how MMP works.
Roller demonstrates dishwasher design features:
The principle of operation and analysis of the modes typical PMM:
Video introduces the basic working bodies of dishwasher technology:
To understand how it works and arranged PMM easy. This will help when choosing a dishwasher appliances and avoid gross errors in its operation. design knowledge will not interfere if required fast replacement parts or may have to find out the reasons for stopping the machine.
